Refractories for lining blast furnaces

Conclusions At the Chasov Yar refractories combine we developed and introduced a technology for the production of chamotte kaolin refractories with a porosity of not more than 12% and a mass proportion of not less than 42% Al₂O₃ on the basis of chamotte from high-grade Polozhe kaolin, and also additions to the batch of finely milled mullite-corundum chamotte.Using the new technology we produced a batch of goods designated ShPD-42 for lining the shafts, bosh, and upper parts of blast furnaces of large capacity.Deceased.Translated from Ogneupory, No. 5, pp. 32–36, May, 1985.     

Refractories of a fused periclase-chromite material for the wall lining of 100-ton arc furnaces

Conclusions The durability of a wall lining in 100-ton arc furnaces of MKhVP type refractories based on fused periclase—chromite material is 20–30% higher than that of a lining constructed of periclase—spinel brick produced from sintered magnesite and chromite ore.The chemical inertness, high resistance to attack by corrosive media, and the low content of low-melting silicates in the MKhVP refractories ensure that the rate of zone formation in the bricks is slow and the durability of the lining high.Bricks of fused periclase—chromite can be recommended as refractories for the wall lining of the arc furnaces of the Oskolsk Metallurgical Combine now being constructed.These refractories should also be subjected to testing in the roof lining of arc furnaces.Translated from Ogneupory, No. 7, pp. 26–30, July, 1978.     

Refractories for lining mobile mixers

Conclusions New and effective refractories have been developed whose physicotechnical and working parameters are better than those of existing Soviet and foreign materials. Commercial production of them has been organized.MKFU-83 and KKFU-76 refractories increase mixer lining resistance by substantial factors and reduce the number of repair cycles and the material and labor costs, while increasing the metal output. The refractories are recommended for use in steel-melting processes (electric furnaces and buckets).Translated from Ogneupory, No. 2, pp. 24–26, February, 1991.     

Guniting of the lining of furnaces for heating of steel billets

Conclusions A method of guniting of the rolling mill heating furnaces during shutdown for cold repairs and with a lining surface temperature of 900–1200°C was developed with the use of guniting powders produced by industry of aluminosilicate and basic compositions with hydraulic and silicate binders. The introduction of composite guniting of the lining in the cold and hot conditions makes it possible to reduce the volume of lining repair work by 10–15 m³ per furnace and the consumption of brick refractories by 0.1 kg per ton of steel rolled and to increase the life of the lining by 1.5–2.0 times.Translated from Ogneupory, No. 4, pp. 48–51, April, 1988.     

Refractories for powerful blast furnaces abroad

Conclusions Abroad, the linings of the shafts of powerful blast furnaces are made from dense chamotte brick of high purity with the minimum content of iron oxides and other contaminating impurities. Impregnation of the fired chamotte brick with phosphates substantially increases the alkali resistance, and consequently the resistance of the blast furnace lining. The bosh and well are lined with carbon refractories. Speedy mechanized laying of the wells is done with large blocks up to 6.4 m long, and with cross sectional measurements of up to 0.8-0.6 m. In particularly severe service conditions in the absence of a protective skin layer in the lower part of the shaft and shoulders successful use is being made of carbon linings using electrographitic and semigraphitic products.Effective cooling systems with high thermal conductivity carbon refractories reduces the temperature, which substantially retards the wear of the working layers in the lining.Translated from Ogneupory, No. 7, pp. 56–59, July, 1973.     

Service conditions and improvement of the lining of vacuum induction furnaces

Conclusions A study was made of the temperature conditions in the lining of 1.0 and 2.5 ton vacuum induction furnaces. It was established that after the fourth heat the temperature conditions are stabilized and the values of the temperature gradient and the temperature at different distances from the working surface of the crucible were obtained.A design of vibropacking unit was developed making it possible to accomplish uniform packing of the crucible lining simultaneously over the whole volume.The failure stresses in the lining were relieved by introducing into its composition coarse grained corundum and by packing the mass by vibration over its whole volume.Translated from Ogneupory, No. 6, pp. 29–32, June, 1982.     

超高功率和直流电炉用耐火材料

本文综述了国外超高功率和直流电炉炼钢用耐火材料的生产和发展现状。根据我国耐火材料的生产水平和对多种引进耐火制品和材料的剖析结果，论证了电冶金炉用耐火材料的发展方向。     

Refractory for lining induction furnaces

Conclusions Studies established that the lining body made from Karel'sk quartzites is not inferior to the Swedish material used for lining induction furnaces by many foreign companies.The great reserves and favorable mining conditions for obtaining these materials enable us to examine quartzite from the central Karel'sk area as raw materials for producing the lining bodies of induction furnaces.Translated from Ogneupory, No.5, pp.39–42, May, 1972.     

Highly refractory mixture for lining crucibles of induction furnaces for melting high-temperature steel

A dry corundum mixture for lining crucibles of induction furnaces of the powder metallurgy shop of the Dneprospetsstal' Plant that increases the durability of the lining in melting high-temperature powder steels is described. The economic effect of using the mixture amounts to 230,000 karb. per ton of melted steel.