市政道路桥梁的技术探讨

前言 以桥梁为例，我国大部分城市的市政工程管理部门所管辖的桥梁，结构形式不一，年代跨度很大。桥梁承载能力相对较差，车辆超载运行，桥梁的病害日趋严重，影响行车、行人的安全，也对周围地区的经济发展带来消极影响。而桥梁管理的工作方式又相对落后，如：①桥梁管理还停留在使用桥梁信息卡上；②桥梁的技术检查时间仍是人为控制；③检查的仪器设备相对缺乏；④检查资料管理不规范，信息查询十分不便；⑤桥梁的实际技术状况比较模糊，可能导致事故隐患。     

桥梁一线养护人员日常检查方法及重点检查内容简

分析桥梁养护日常检查的方式、方法，检查重点及常见病害，对一线公路站基层桥梁养护人员的工作进行探讨，以提高桥梁管养业务水平。     

兰州市区桥梁结构安全动态管理体系的建立及其应用

桥梁管理养护部门需要及时检查、了解运营中的桥梁结构的安全性能，并根据实际情况安排桥梁养护、维修、改建等工作，保证桥梁结构的安全使用。建立桥梁结构安全动态管理体系能够及时检查、掌握桥梁的实际运营状态，并为养护单位提供维修加固对策。     

对桥梁桩基试验和检测的研究

随着城市化建设的快速发展，国家对基础投资的进一步加火，大中型桥梁建设也越来越多。本文主要指出桥梁检查是进行桥梁养护、维修与加同的前期工作，是决定维修与加固方案可行和正确与否的可靠基础。在桥梁结构的生命周期内发生的结构缺陷和损伤将不可避免地影响桥梁的使用性能。并且还分析了桥梁的寿命周期内需对桥梁的使用状况、缺陷及损伤进行全面检查，以便对桥梁缺陷及损伤对桥梁性能和承载力的影响做出分析和评价。     

桥梁管理软件中桥梁状况的评价分级

本文简述桥梁管理系统的定义，重点对桥梁状况评价分级进行了综述分析，介绍了桥梁状况评价的目的，状况检查和评估分析的方法，并介绍了当前的研究趋向。     

我省桥梁存在五大隐忧——建设厅通报全省桥梁检测和养护情况

今年年初，省建设厅派出了6个检查组．对21个地级以上市的城市桥梁检测和养护维修管理工作进行了专项检查，最近，省建设厅通报了检查的情况。通报显示．我省桥梁存在五大隐忧：     

桥梁检测评估中应注意的问题

针对桥梁评估检测制度不完善的现状，提出了既有桥梁的现状检查、理论检算、静动载检测中需注意的问题和技术方案，以确保桥梁检测评估结果的科学性，为桥梁的维修养护奠定了基础。     

厦门BRT桥梁检查及病害探讨

以厦门市快速公交系统(BRT)桥梁为例,将城市桥梁检查分为桥面系及其附属构件检查、上部结构检查和下部结构检查三部分,通过对BRT桥梁的基本状况及病害进行检查,详述了BRT桥梁每个部件的常见病害,并对BRT桥梁部分病害进行浅析,为厦门市BRT后续的桥梁养护工作提供了依据,对同类型的桥梁养护提供了一定的参考。     

某公路钢桁架桥的典型病害及加固方法初探

在对桥梁进行全面病害检查和安全评定后，总结了桥梁在长期运营后所出现的典型病害，分析了病害产生的原因并探讨了加固的方法，最后有针对性的总结了在桥梁养护过程中应注意的问题。     

无人机在桥梁日常检查中的应用

桥梁结构具有一定的复杂性和负载性,随着运营年限的增加、材料老化、车辆荷载等原因,近几年有关桥梁事故频频出现,桥梁养护部门能够及时发现桥梁病害就显得尤为重要。为了有效提升桥梁检查的效果和质量,解决常规检查手段在日常检查中的不足,结合无人机检查实例,介绍无人机在桥梁检查中的应用,通过与传统检查手段相比较,探讨了无人机在桥梁检查中的应用与发展,为后续提高桥梁检查的效率和精度提供一定的技术支撑。     

谈桥梁结构检查和检测

介绍了国内外桥梁结构检查和检测的现状,并针对桥梁结构检查和检测的内容、方法和技术进行了简单叙述,指出应加强对桥梁养护的重视程度,通过采用科学的检测方法,对桥梁进行全面检测及时发现问题并处理,以确保桥梁安全运营。     

Drone-enabled bridge inspection methodology and application

The field of Civil Engineering has lately gained increasing interest in Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV), commonly referred to as drones. Due to an increase of deteriorating bridges according to the report released by the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), a more efficient and cost-effective alternative for bridge inspection is required. The goal of this paper was to analyze the effectiveness of drones as supplemental bridge inspection tools. In pursuit of this goal, the selected bridge for inspection was a three-span glued-laminated timber girder with a composite concrete deck located near the city of Keystone in the state of South Dakota (SD). A drone, a Dà-Jiāng Innovations (DJI) Phantom 4, was utilized for this study. Also, an extensive literature review to gain knowledge on current bridge inspection techniques using drones was conducted. The findings from the literature review served as the basis for the development of a five-stage drone-enabled bridge inspection methodology. A field inspection utilizing the drone was performed following the stages of the methodology, and the findings were compared to current historical inspection reports provided by the SD Department of Transportation (SDDOT). Quantified data using the drone such as a spalled area of 0.18 m², which is identical to the measurement provided by the SDDOT (0.3 m by 0.6 m), demonstrated the efficiency of the drone to inspect the bridge. This study detailed drone-enabled inspection principles and relevant considerations to obtain optimum data acquisition. The field investigation of the bridge demonstrated the image quality and damage identification capabilities of the drone to perform bridge inspection at a lower cost when compared to traditional methods.     

桥梁检测技术研究

简述了桥梁结构检测的主要内容与评定方法,结合目前桥梁检测技术发展的现状,对桥梁检测技术进行了综合评价,并介绍了桥梁检测技术的发展前景,从而确保桥梁长期安全运营。     

北京某矮塔斜拉桥塔上鞍座分丝管的检验标准

矮塔斜拉桥为国内外的一种新兴桥型,目前用于塔柱处鞍座分丝管的检验标准还没有。本文结合北京某矮塔斜拉桥的建设,论述了用于该桥分丝管检验标准产生的背景,给出了用于该桥分丝管具体的检验标准,并且对各条标准作了详细的解释。     

The development of a mobile manipulator imaging system for bridge crack inspection

A mobile manipulator imaging system is developed for the automation of bridge crack inspection. During bridge safety inspections, an eyesight inspection is made for preliminary evaluation and screening before a more precise inspection. The inspection for cracks is an important part of the preliminary evaluation. Currently, the inspectors must stand on the platform of a bridge inspection vehicle or a temporarily erected scaffolding to examine the underside of a bridge. However, such a procedure is risky. To help automate the bridge crack inspection process, we installed two CCD cameras and a four-axis manipulator system on a mobile vehicle. The parallel cameras are used to detect cracks. The manipulator system is equipped with binocular Charge Coupled Devices (CCD) for examining structures that may not be accessible to the eye. The system also reduces the danger of accidents to the human inspectors. The manipulator system consists of four arms. Balance weights are placed at the ends of Arms 2 and 4, respectively, to maintain the center of gravity during operation. Mechanically, Arms 2 and 4 can revolve smoothly. Experiments indicated that the system could be useful for bridge crack inspections.     

西部山区悬索桥检测养护研究

结合西部山区悬索桥特点,以贵州坝陵河大桥为研究对象,概述了西部山区悬索桥检测养护计划,包括检测分类、程度及方式,检测养护要点,以及一般评定,为此类桥梁的养护管理提供指导。     

市政道路桥梁工程材料质量检测控制优化策略

市政道路桥梁建筑工程材料的质量检测与交通运输安全、人民群众的生命安全息息相关.本研究从阐述道路桥梁工程材料的质量检测的研究意义出发,详细探讨市政路桥建筑工程材料质检中普遍存在的问题:材料检测设备的精度、取样的规范性、质检人员素质等突出问题,并提出道路桥梁工程材料质检的优化方案和策略.     

Improving the reliability of a Bridge Management System (BMS) using an ANN-based Backward Prediction Model (BPM)

The slow adoption of Bridge Management Systems (BMSs) and its impractical future prediction of the condition rating of bridges are attributed to the inconsistency between BMS inputs and bridge agencies' existing data for a BMS in terms of compatibility and the enormous number of bridge datasets that include historical structural information. Among these, historical bridge element condition ratings are some of the key pieces of information required for bridge asset prioritisation but in most cases only limited data is available.

This study addresses the abovementioned difficulties faced by bridge management agencies by using limited historical bridge inspection records to model time-series element-level data. This paper presents an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) based prediction model, called the Backward Prediction Model (BPM), for generating historical bridge condition ratings using limited bridge inspection records. The BPM employs historical non-bridge datasets such as traffic volumes, populations and climates, to establish correlations with existing bridge condition ratings from very limited bridge inspection records. The resulting model predicts the missing historical condition ratings of individual bridge elements. The outcome of this study can contribute to reducing the uncertainty in predicting future bridge condition ratings and so improve the reliability of various BMS analysis outcomes.     

浅析3×20m连续梁桥检测技术

桥梁检测主要包括外观检测和荷载试验。桥梁外观技术状况主要依外观检查和无损检测数据进行评定;桥梁荷载试验分为静荷载和动荷载试验。本文针对连续梁检测技术,结合某3x20m钢筋混凝土连续箱梁工程,阐述了连续梁桥外观检查、荷载试验的主要程序,及等效荷载作用下桥梁结构的应力、挠度及动态效应。     

桥梁巡更系统在桥梁管理中的运用

根据目前桥梁管理现状,阐述了引入桥梁巡更系统的必要性,介绍了桥梁巡更系统的功能、工作流程及实际应用情况,通过桥梁巡更系统进行检查,准确及时的发现桥梁病害,从而保证桥梁的正常运行。