中国制冷学会第一批资深会员名单

洪朝生、孟崇春、周　远、潘秋生、吴元炜、梁惊涛、赵玉侠、郎四维、何邦模、刘彦元、李绍荣、孙隆荣、彦启森、王维城、江　亿、王　浚、那景成、赵文德、郭予信、郭孝礼、应志增、徐庆磊、曹德胜、史美琅阝、杨炎如、庄琴南、边增林、郭庆堂、孙瑞璋、刘作斌、汪声恒、章崧英、章立源、周山涛、李书桂、孙桂初、费人杰、申传文、林修钺、尉迟斌、姜尔宁、董天禄、谢晋康、邱嘉昌、陈沛霖、范存养、缪道平、韩鸿兴、顾安忠、华泽钊、蒋能照、陆　震、周启瑾、冯志哲、徐世琼、卢士勋、龙惟定、郑贤德、周光钊、刘宪英、张永铨、何绍书、张…     

历届国际计量大会梗概(续)

第十一届 国际计量大会 （CGPM 巴黎 1960年10月11日-20日） 国际计量局局长：C．Volet,沃拉特 瑞士 米制公约成员国：苏联、意大利、日本、挪威、葡萄牙、罗马尼亚、阿根廷、奥地利、比利时、丹麦、法国、民主德国、联邦德国、西班牙、瑞典、瑞士、土耳其、英国、美国、委内瑞拉、墨西哥、加拿大、保加利亚、智利、泰国、乌拉圭、巴西、波兰、捷克斯洛伐克、爱尔兰、芬兰、匈牙利、荷兰、南斯拉夫、澳大利亚、多米尼加、印度、印度尼西亚、韩国，共39个国家。     

埃及对进口品质量规定趋严

埃及经济和外贸部所属之进出口管制机构最近根据该国政府法令,从严执行进出口货品质量管理工作。新规定包括:乳制品、食品、油墨、复写纸、胶水、包装箱(袋)、纸类、香水、香皂、清洁剂、韧化皮革、消防水管、木材、花岗石、油漆、卫浴瓷器设备、玻璃容器结构钢棒管、铸件、压缩气体瓦斯筒、锉刀、刮胡刀、螺丝(帽)、弹簧、链条、炉具、刀叉等餐具、锁具、焊条、锅炉、引擎零件、空调机、冰箱、家用热水器、洗衣机、电梯、灭火器、过滤器、日光灯启辉器、电机设备(变压器等)、家用搅拌机、水龙头、加热器(电熨斗等)、收音机等接收器、电源开关、插头、电灯、铜电缆线、汽车及其零件、摩托车、自行车、拖车、传动皮带、内外胎、电瓶、安全玻璃、眼镜、钟表、木或金属制家具、床垫、牙刷、圆珠笔、铅笔、打火机、高压锅等,均须按照埃及标准一一检验,无适当标准规范的,须经该国经     

第十七届中国制冷展在上海新国际博览中心成功举办

由中国国际贸易促进委员会北京市分会、中国制冷学会、中国制冷空调工业协会、上海市制冷学会、上海冷冻空调行业协会共同主办的第十七届“国际制冷、空调、供暖、通风及食品冷冻加工展览会”（中国制冷展）于2006年4月11日至13日在上海新国际博览中心成功举办。参加本届展会的来自德国、印度、韩国、泰国、美国、澳大利亚、比利时、巴西、加拿大、丹麦、埃及、芬兰、法国、印度尼西亚、意大利、日本、马来西亚、挪威、波兰、葡萄牙、瑞典、瑞士、新加坡、西班牙、土耳其、阿联酋、     

《制冷》1989年总目录

‘、、J护、少、户、了、沙、产、产、了、7、工1 913161813-凌9户.、了t Jt、护‘、了、夕叮、了几Jr‘沙‘、口‘、了、11‘1 2 2 3 8 3 4 44蒸汽喷射器在冷库制冷系统中应用的探讨、少、矛︸、产、,、夕、,、声、声、尹、了、声、声、、J︸62111始20 2124犯舫11比玛24尹‘、产.、了、了‘J吸尸‘、‘了、r、护气矛‘‘了‘J.、矛‘︸1 1 2 2 23 8 8 8 4 4 44、.了、J‘、I、.产、少、,碑、J、少、、了‘、夕、产、了‘、尸、1口、J.、.J、刀夕、产、了、声、尹、.声、户‘、矛22 373318“4345钧50肠29犯36,0,5 495152 394347505355…     

黄长雄高工：粉体工业和粉体技术以及碳酸钙工业情况

粉体无处不在，如：面粉、奶粉、金属粉、非金属粉、水泥．农药、磨料、催化剂．陶瓷原料、化肥、饲料、涂料、染料、药粉、纳米粉、灰尘、泥沙等等都是粉体，它们分属国民经济各个工业领域：冶金、矿业、机械、化工、建材、轻工、食品、医药、环保、军工和高新技术等。     

中国制冷学会第三届理事会名单

理事长:傅立民副理事长:孟崇春、洪朝生、吴元炜、赵玉侠、陈鉴远、何邦模。秘书长:孟崇春(兼)副秘书长:曹德胜、邱忠岳常务理事:王长生、孙振池、孙隆荣、昊元炜、李书桂、冷庆、吴来峰、何邦模、苏 宗猛、牟锡华、周远、范垂洪、孟崇春、金骏、陈远、赵玉侠、彦启 森、洪朝生、费人杰、傅立民、戴永庆理事:于泽敏、于敏珠、毛玉柱、、王长生、王英若、王魁武、王德魁、卢1勋、 申传文、周山涛、石祥林、边增林、刘东、李永康、朱志仁、刘运章、刘 作斌、,刘承泽、刘国汉、李金玉、刘彦华、孙桂初、孙振池、李建坤、刘 斯、孙隆荣、牟锡华…     

ISO/TC79/SC7概况

ISO/TC79/SC7为国际标准化组织轻金属及其合金技术委员会铸造铝合金分技术委员会。根据1988年年度报告,现有13个P成员国,19个O成员国,法国为秘书国。P(积极)成员国有奥地利、中国、捷克、法国、联邦德国、意大利、日本、波兰、西班牙、瑞典、联合王国、美国、苏联。O(观察)成员国有比利时、巴西、加拿大、哥伦比亚、丹麦、芬兰、民主德国、希腊、匈牙利、印度、以色列、墨西哥、新西兰、葡萄牙、沙特阿拉伯、南非、瑞士、土耳其、南斯拉夫。     

世界纸钞中出现次数最多的人：英国女王伊丽莎自二世

英国女王伊丽莎白二世曾经出现在34个国家或地区的纸钞上,这些国家或地区有：澳大利亚、巴哈马、伯利兹、百慕大、东非、东加勒比国家、斐济、福克兰岛、格恩西、加拿大、开曼岛、罗得西亚、罗得西亚及尼亚萨兰、马恩岛、马耳他、马来亚及英属婆罗洲、毛里求斯、南罗得西亚、塞浦路斯、塞舌尔、圣赫勒拿、苏格兰、所罗门、     

中国新包装三十年大事记

一、三十年来党和国家领导关心《中国新包装》的进步,题词、批示52次。有江泽民、吴邦国、李鹏、朱镕基、王兆国、李岚清、王忠禹、田纪云、宋健、邹家华、钱其琛、陈慕华、王光英、张劲夫、郝建秀、张震、叶选平。     

Separation and identification of carotenoids and their oxidation products in the extracts of human plasma.

Eighteen carotenoids as well as vitamin A and two forms of vitamin E (gamma- and alpha-tocopherol) have been separated from extracts of human plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) on reversed-phase and sillca-based nitrile-bonded columns. In the order of chromatographic elution on a C18 reversed-phase column, the carotenoids were identified as (3R,3'R,6'R)-beta, epsilon-carotene-3,3'-diol [(3R,3'R,6'R)-lutein], (3R,3'R)-beta, beta-carotene-3,3'-diol [(3R,3'R)-zeaxanthin], 5,6-dihydroxy-5,6-dihydro-psi,psi-carotene, 3-hydroxy-2',3'-didehydro-beta,epsilon-caroten-3-ol, 3-hydroxy-beta-carotene,psi,psi-carotene, 7,8-dihydro-psi,psi-carotene, beta,psi-carotene, 7,8,7',8'-tetrahydro-psi,psi-carotene, beta,epsilon-carotene, beta,beta-carotene, 7,8,11,12,7',8'-hexahydro-psi,psi-carotene, and 7,8,11,12,7',8'-11',12'-octahydro-psi,psi-carotene. The polar carotenoids, which eluted in the vicinity of lutein and were unresolved on the C18 column, have been separated on a nitrile-bonded column employing isocratic HPLC conditions. In the order of elution, the carotenoids were epsilon,epsilon-carotene-3,3'-dione, 3'-hydroxy-epsilon,epsilon-caroten-3-one, 5,6-dihydroxy-5,6-dihydro-psi,psi-carotene, 3-hydroxy-beta,epsilon-caroten-3'-one, (all-E,3R,3'R,6'R)-lutein, (all-E,3R,3'R)-zeaxanthin, and (all-E,3R,3'S,6'R)-beta,epsilon-carotene-3,3'-diol (3'-epilutein) followed by several geometrical isomers of lutein and zeaxanthin.     

Long-term leaching from MSWI air-pollution-control residues: leaching characterization and modeling

Long-term leaching of Ca, Fe, Mg, K, Na, S, Al, As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn, Mo, Sb, Si, Sn, Sr, Ti, V, P, Cl, and dissolved organic carbon from two different municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) air-pollution-control residues was monitored during 24 months of column percolation experiments; liquid-to-solid (L/S) ratios of 200-250L/kg corresponding to more than 10,000 years in a conventional landfill were reached. Less than 2% of the initially present As, Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr, and Sb had leached during the course of the experiments. Concentrations of Cd, Fe, Mg, Hg, Mn, Ni, Co, Sn, Ti, and P were generally bellow 1microg/L; overall less than 1% of their mass leached. Column leaching data were further used in a two-step geochemical modeling in PHREEQC in order to (i) identify solubility controlling minerals and (ii) evaluate their interactions in a water-percolated column system over L/S of 250L/kg. Adequate predictions of pH, alkalinity, and the leaching of Ca, S, Al, Si, Ba, and Zn were obtained in a simultaneous calculation. Also, it was suggested that removal of Ca and S together with depletion of several minerals apparently caused dissolution of ettringite-like phases. In turn, significant increase in leaching of oxyanions (especially Sb and Cr) was observed at late stage of leaching experiments.     

Distribution, correlation and risk assessment of selected metals in urban soils from Islamabad, Pakistan

Urban soil samples were analyzed for Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, Pb, Sr and Zn by atomic absorption spectrophotometric method. Multivariate statistical approach was used to study the apportionment of selected metals in the soil samples during summer and winter. The degree of contamination along with the geoaccumulation index, enrichment factor and contamination factor was also evaluated. In water-extract of the soil samples, relatively higher levels were noted for Na, Ca, K, Fe, Mg, and Pb with average concentrations of 56.38, 33.82, 12.53, 7.127, 5.994, and 1.045 mg/kg during summer, while the mean metal levels during winter were 76.45, 38.05, 3.928, 0.627, 8.726, and 0.878 mg/kg, respectively. In case of acid-extract of the soils, Ca, Fe, Mg, Na, K, Mn and Sr were found at 27,531, 12,784, 2769, 999.9, 737.9, 393.5, and 115.1 mg/kg, during summer and 23,386, 3958, 3206, 254.6, 1511, 453.6, and 53.30 mg/kg, during winter, respectively. Most of the metals showed random distribution with diverse correlations in both seasons. Principal component analysis and cluster analysis revealed significant anthropogenic intrusions of Cd, Pb, Co, Cr, Cu, Li, Zn and Na in the soils. Geoaccumulation indices and contamination factors indicated moderate to heavy contamination for Pb and Cd in the soils, while enrichment factor exhibited significant enrichment (EF > 5) of Cd, Pb, Ca, Co, Li, Mn and Zn by anthropogenic activities. Overall, on the average basis, considerable degree of contamination (C_deg > 16) was observed in both seasons, although it was higher in winter. Present metal levels were also compared with those reported from other areas around the world.     

Partitioning behavior of trace elements during pilot-scale fluidized bed combustion of high ash content lignite

This study describes the partitioning of 20 trace elements (As, B, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, P, Pb, Sb, Se, Sn, Tl, V, Zn) and eight major and minor elements (Al, Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Na, Si, Ti) during the combustion of high ash content lignite. The experiments were carried out in the 0.3 MW(t) Middle East Technical University (METU) atmospheric bubbling fluidized bed combustor (ABFBC) test rig with and without limestone addition. Inert bed material utilized in the experiments was bed ash obtained previously from the combustion of the same lignite without limestone addition in the same test rig. Concentrations of trace elements in coal, limestone, bottom ash, cyclone ash and filter ash were determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). Partitioning of major and minor elements are influenced by the ash split between the bottom ash and fly ash and that the major proportion of most of the trace elements (As, Ba, Cr, Hg, Li, Mo, Ni, Sn, V, Zn) are recovered in fly ash. Limestone addition shifts the partitioning of Ba, Cr, Mo, Ni, Sn, V, Zn from bottom ash to fly ash.     

Determination of the major,minor, and trace element mass fractions in Iranian cement by INAA and WDXRF

The elemental composition of three different Iranian cement samples was determined by instrumental neutron activation analysis with the aim of quality control. The mass fractions for 4 major (Ca, Si, Fe, Al) and the 21 minor and trace elements (Mg, V, Mn, Na, As, La, Sb, Sm, U, Ba, Ce, Co, Cr, Eu, Hf, Sc, Sr, Th, Zn, S, K) were determined. X-ray fluorescence analysis was also used. The results obtained by both methods for Na, Mg, Fe, Ca, and Al are in good agreement. On the whole, the Iranian cement quality is quite acceptable according to national and international standards.     

Trace elements partitioning during co-firing biomass with lignite in a pilot-scale fluidized bed combustor

This study describes the partitioning of 18 trace elements (As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, P, Pb, Sb, Se, Sn, Tl, V, Zn) and 9 major and minor elements (Al, Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Na, S, Si, Ti) during co-firing of olive residue, hazelnut shell and cotton residue with high sulfur and ash content lignite in 0.3 MW(t) Middle East Technical University (METU) Atmospheric Bubbling Fluidized Bed Combustor (ABFBC) test rig with limestone addition. Concentrations of trace elements in coal, biomass, limestone, bottom ash, cyclone ash and filter ash were determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission and mass spectroscopy (ICP-OES and ICP-MS). Partitioning of major and minor elements are influenced by the ash split between the bottom ash and fly ash and that the major proportion of most of the trace elements (As, Ba, Co, Cr, Cu, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Tl, V and Zn) are recovered in fly ash when firing lignite only. Co-firing lignite with biomass enhances partitioning of these elements to fly ash. Co-firing also shifts the partitioning of Cd, P, Sb and Sn from bottom to fly ash.     

Statistical analysis of trace metals in the plasma of cancer patients versus controls

The plasma of cancer patients (n=112) and controls (n=118) were analysed for selected trace metals (Al, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Ni, Pb, Sb, Sr and Zn) by flame atomic absorption spectroscopy. In the plasma of cancer patients, mean concentrations of macronutrients/essential metals, Na, K, Ca, Mg, Fe and Zn were 3971, 178, 44.1, 7.59, 4.38 and 3.90 ppm, respectively, while the mean metal levels in the plasma of controls were 3844, 151, 74.2, 18.0, 6.60 and 2.50 ppm, respectively. Average concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Sr and Zn were noted to be significantly higher in the plasma of cancer patients compared with controls. Very strong mutual correlations (r>0.70) in the plasma of cancer patients were observed between Fe-Mn, Ca-Mn, Ca-Ni, Ca-Co, Cd-Pb, Co-Ni, Mn-Ni, Mn-Zn, Cr-Li, Ca-Zn and Fe-Ni, whereas, Ca-Mn, Ca-Mg, Fe-Zn, Ca-Zn, Mg-Mn, Mg-Zn, Cd-Sb, Cd-Co, Cd-Zn, Co-Sb and Sb-Zn exhibited strong relationships (r>0.50) in the plasma of controls, all were significant at p<0.01. Principal component analysis (PCA) of the data extracted five PCs, both for cancer patients and controls, but with considerably different loadings. The average metals levels in male and female donors of the two groups were also evaluated and in addition, the general role of trace metals in the carcinogenesis was discussed. The study indicated appreciably different pattern of metal distribution and mutual relationships in the plasma of cancer patients in comparison with controls.     

Evaluation of the effect of time on the distribution of zinc oxide nanoparticles in tissues of rats and mice: a systematic review

To evaluate the time effect on the distribution of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) in tissues from rats and mice, a search on the PubMed, Embase, SpringerLink, Scopus, Science Direct, Cochrane, CNKI, Wanfang, and vip databases up to September 2014 was performed, followed by screening, data extraction, and quality assessment. Thirteen studies were included. At 24 h, Zn content was mainly distributed in the liver, kidney, and lung. At ≥7 days, Zn content was mainly distributed in the liver, kidney, lung, and brain. ZnO NPs are readily deposited in tissues. Furthermore, as time increases, Zn content decreases in the liver and kidney, but increases in the brain.Inspec keywords: nanoparticles, zinc compounds, II‐VI semiconductors, wide band gap semiconductors, biological tissues, lung, liver, brain, kidney, toxicology, biology computingOther keywords: time effect, zinc oxide nanoparticles distribution, rat tissues, mice tissues, PubMed, Embase, SpringerLink, Scopus, Science Direct, Cochrane, CNKI, Wanfang, vip databases, screening, data extraction, quality assessment, Zn content, liver, kidney, lung, brain, time 24 h, ZnO     

Determination of Microelements in Oil by Combined Sample Preparation Technique

The determination of a wide spectrum of microelements in four oil samples from the Arlanskoye, Labaganskoye, Priobskoye, and Romashkinskoye oil fields of the Russian Federation by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is described. The following two techniques have been used for the sample preparation: microwave decomposition of oil for determination of Be, Na, Mg, Al, S, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Se, Rb, Sr, Zr, Mo, Cs, Ba, W, Re, and U; and extraction concentrating with rotating helix columns (RHC) for determination of Nb, Ru, Rh, Ag, Cd, Sb, Te, Hf, Ir, Pt, Te, and rare earth elements. Concentrating of the oil microelements with RHC has been shown to result in significant improvement of the ICP-MS detection limits.     

Patent information of the former USSR countries

The patent information currently available for the former USSR, EAPO, Russian Federation, Turkmenistan, Belarus, Tajikistan, Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan, Moldova, Armenia, Ukraine, Georgia, Kyrgyzstan, the Baltic countries and Uzbekistan is described. It is a complicated scene, in terms of the extent and depth of coverage, the media employed (paper, CD, on-line), and the use of open access, charged INTERNET access and commercial databases.