空气横掠顺列螺旋槽管和光管管束的传热特性

以横向管距、纵向管距以及管子的几何参数为研究对象，对顺列光管和螺旋槽管管束进行了横向冲刷换热及阻力试验研究，得出了换热和阻力关联式，为顺列布置的卧式螺旋槽管空气预热器的应用，尤其是为循环流化床锅炉的空气预热器提供了设计依据。图11表2参8     

螺旋翅片管省煤器抗磨性能的研究

采用数值模拟技术对错列布置光管及螺旋翅片管、顺列螺旋翅片管的双相流场进行了数值模拟,分析了不同结构、不同排列方式的省煤器的抗磨性能.分析了翅片结构对颗粒运动与流场的影响,指出翅片的存在使烟气中的大颗粒飞灰较难碰撞到基管的表面,增强了省煤器的抗磨损能力.     

微小颗粒横掠圆管的数值分析

利用拉格朗日粒子随机追踪模型以及El-Batsh 和Haselbacher提出的粒子沉积模型,对飞灰颗粒横掠管束时的运动轨迹和沉积特性进行了数值研究,获得了管束排布方式以及粒子直径对飞灰颗粒运动轨迹及沉积分布的影响。结果表明：当颗粒的直径小到一定程度时,管束通道内的流场和温度分布对颗粒的运动轨迹影响显著;颗粒在管壁表面的碰撞率和沉积率与管束排布和粒径有关,粒径50.0um颗粒几乎没有沉积;粒径10.0um颗粒沉积主要分布在管壁迎风面;粒径1.0um的颗粒在管壁的迎风面和背风面都有沉积。     

空气横掠管束换热实验研究

扩展传热面是提高单位体积内传热面积最常用的方法。以空气为介质,对三种给定的肋片管束(H型、纵肋肋片、螺旋肋片)进行了顺列和错列的换热和流动阻力实验。实验结果表明:错列布置的管束换热效果优于顺列布置的管束,但流动阻力相应增加;错列布置时,综合考虑换热和阻力因素,螺旋肋片管有较好的换热经济性。通过对实验数据进行拟合回归,得出了实验条件下各肋片管束顺列、错列布置的换热关联式。为肋片管束的工程应用、优化选取及进一步的实验研究提供了理论依据。     

H型鳍片管性能优化的数值研究

基于Fluent平台,利用Realizable k-ε湍流模型对H型鳍片管的传热特性、阻力特性和综合性能进行了数值研究.结果表明:当烟气流速越高、翅片高度越小、翅片节距越小、管束横向节距越大、管束纵向节距越大时,H型鳍片管的传热系数越大;当烟气流速越高、翅片高度越大、翅片节距越小、管束横向节距越小、管束纵向节距越大时,H型鳍片管的流动阻力越大;当相对翅片高度为h/d=2.105、翅片节距越小、管束横向相对节距为s1/d=2.237、管束纵向节距越小时,H型鳍片管的综合性能最好.     

燃用劣质煤锅炉的飞灰磨损研究

为了防止锅炉管束的飞灰磨损,自1959年以来日本就一直从事于有关飞灰磨损的研究和试验。本文论述了这些研究和试验的部分结果。首先,根据试验室中所进行的烟气流动模拟试验的结果,确定了在后墙处存在着局部的高速烟气流。为了防止这种局部的高速烟气流,在包复墙上有规律地布置挡板,已被证明是行之有效的。其次,利用试验设备对锅炉管束的飞灰磨损进行了一系列的基本试验。从这些试验中可显然看到,飞灰对锅炉管束的磨损主要是由大颗粒的飞灰引起的。最后,作为一种防止锅炉管束飞灰磨损的方法,建议在后房管束上安装撞击式分离器。而且通过试验室试验来确定这种分离器的最佳形状、尺寸和布置方式。     

SHL6—13A型锅炉尾部受热面的改造与节能

一、某SHL6-13A型锅炉结构与计算数据 1.锅炉结构:本锅炉为双锅筒横置式链条炉排锅炉,炉膛敷设有水冷壁管,上下锅筒之间连接有19排顺列对流管束,尾部只设有两段铸铁省煤器,其结构布置简示于图1。     

螺旋翅片管束换热过程的熵产分析

对不同翅片间距Sf、管束横向节距St和管束纵向节距Sl的9组螺旋翅片管束的换热和流动过程进行了试验研究.分析了换热过程的熵产,研究了雷诺数(RP)、翅片间距、管束横向节距和管束纵向节距对管束换热熵产数NsH、流动熵产数NsF和总熵产数Ns的影响.结果表明:对不同布置方式的管束,随着Re的增加,NsH迅速减小,NsF逐渐增加,Ns先减小后增加;翅片间距对NsH影响较小,在高Re下,翅片间距增大时,NsF和Ns均明显降低;横向节距对NsH几乎没影响,但随着横向节距的增加,NsF和Ns均明显降低;管束纵向节距对NsH、NsF和Ns的影响都很小.     

炉排_循环床垃圾焚烧炉过热器结渣现场实验

为研究焚烧炉过热器内的飞灰沉积、沾污和结渣的原因及影响因素,在260 t/d炉排-循环床垃圾焚烧炉过热器区域安放结渣实验采样段,利用SEM/EDX、XRF和XRD等方法分析了积灰和渣的成份和形态。研究表明:管束的几何结构对结渣有重要的影响,受热管越细越容易结渣。高温过热器渣层上的颗粒排列紧密,呈砖形,长度约2～5μm,物相组成为CaSO4、石英、SiO2、Ca2SiO4等。垃圾焚烧炉结渣主要是由粘结性颗粒撞击管壁所致。     

高瑞利数条件下竖排管束对原油的换热特性研究

采用标准k-ε湍流模型、基于有限体积法,对Ra数1.12×106-1.02×108,Pr数101-127范围内竖排等温管束对原油的自然对流换热特性进行了数值研究。结果表明,随相邻加热管中心距增加,管束整体依次经历了换热恶化、强化、稳定和衰退的不同阶段。底部加热管自然对流诱发的流体流动增大了上层管周围流体的速度,对上层管换热具有强化作用,但同时也改变了上层管周围流体的温度分布,导致上层管换热恶化和Nu数随时间产生波动。此外,存在换热强化和最高换热强度的临界中心距都随Ra数增大而减小,换热强化作用随Pr数增大而减弱,增加上层管数在一定程度上可提高管束的平均换热强度。     

顺排与叉排套片式换热器的热力性能对比研究

套片式换热器的管束排列形式一般都是叉排,顺排非常少见。由于顺排形式的套片式换热器通常比叉排的流动阻力更小,因而对一些流动阻力有限制的场合,可以考虑使用顺排形式的套片式换热器。为论证这一点,对某种结构形式的顺排套片式换热器和叉排套片式换热器的热力性能进行了对比研究。为便于对比、分析,两个换热器试件的纵向管间距及管排数设计成相等。结果显示:两个试件的热力性能非常接近。分析表明,在某些应用场合,套片式换热器排列成顺排是更合适的选择。图7参6     

The latent heat recovery from boiler exhaust flue gas using shell and corrugated tube heat exchanger: A numerical study

The excessively increasing environmental concerns along with reducing fossil fuel resources introduce the trend of increasing the efficiency of boiler via implementing waste heat recovery. In the present study, the potential of latent heat recovery is investigated in the middle‐size boiler exhaust flue gas using the shell and corrugated tube heat exchanger. The main purpose of the present study is efficiency growth in flue gases using latent heat recovery of the steam energy. The heat recovery analysis is evaluated by a validated computational fluid dynamics model by a commercial software. For this study, the effect of different tube arrangements, number of tubes, and flow direction in the shell on heat transfer and pressure drop were investigated. The results showed that in‐line arrangement of the tubes in the shell presents better thermal performance and also high pressure drop among the other arrangements. As a result, by considering the thermal performance and pressure drop, radial arrangement shows higher performance. According to the obtained results from Section 2 of the present study, by considering the radial arrangement of tubes in the shell, as the number of tube rises, the thermal performance declines.     

水滴形管换热与阻力特性的数值研究

为提高换热管的综合性能,设计并研究了一种新型水滴形换热管,采用CFD软件,在相同管横截面积的前提下,对圆形、椭圆形及水滴形换热管单管和管束的换热与阻力特性进行了模拟计算。研究表明:水滴形管可以明显减小换热管背流面的回流;在相同的进口流速下,水滴形管管束努塞尔数Nu较圆管和椭圆管分别增大了28%和18. 5%,而进出口压降相较于椭圆形及圆形管分别减小了45. 5%及90%,相较于圆形管及椭圆形管,水滴型管具有更好的换热流动特性。     

Numerical evaluation of a heat exchanger with inline tubes of different size for reduced fouling rates

This paper describes the numerical evaluation of a novel cross flow tube bundle heat exchanger that combines tubes of different diameter in an inline arrangement for the purpose of reducing gas side particulate fouling rates while preserving acceptable levels of heat transfer and pressure drop performance. Three arrangements are compared: a common inline tube bundle heat exchanger with cylinders of equal diameter and two other arrangements that consist of alternately placed cylinders with a diameter ratio of d/D = 0.5, at two different transverse spacings. Numerical calculations are performed in order to study heat transfer, pressure drop and fouling rates from flue gases with suspended ash particles. The alternating tube sizes achieve a suppression of the vortex shedding mechanism that has previously been shown to enhance downstream particle deposition. Results show that, compared to the standard arrangement, the tube bundle with unequal cylinders placed at the largest transverse spacing achieves a significant (～30%) reduction in particle deposition rate without sacrificing acceptable values of heat transfer per unit volume and low pressure drop.     

The Effect of Novel Plasma-Coated Compact Tube Bundles on Pool Boiling

Boiling heat transfer of R-134a on a porous, plasma-coated tube bundle was investigated experimentally to determine the effects of the number of tube rows and the total tube number. The bundle consists of up to four tubes with a pitch-to-diameter-ratio of 1.33. Heat transfer coefficients for a single tube with a porous copper coating were up to four times higher than for a smooth tube. Observations showed that the plasma coating enhanced the heat transfer coefficient in tube bundles as well. The bundle factor of the coated tube bundle showed a similar, slightly increased trend as the smooth tube bundles. The enhancement effect of the coated tubes decreases to a certain extent with an increasing heat flux and decreasing saturation temperature. However, it is significantly less pronounced than trends that have been reported from other investigations. The aim of a stable enhanced coating was confirmed by long-term experiments with steady results.     

循环流化床锅炉省煤器磨损原因分析及解决措施

分析一台220 t/h循环流化床锅炉省煤器磨损原因,主要是省煤器区烟气流速偏高、烟气中颗粒浓度偏高、烟气流道流通截面的不均匀性对省煤器管的影响,并提出了相应的解决措施:减少省煤器管列数,增大换热管直径,扩大管间距,增加烟道深度;在碎煤机前加筛选装置;改用灰份含量≤38%的煤;增大旋风分离器排气管插入深度;更换新省煤器、外墙板;在省煤器的全部列管弯头上安装防磨护瓦。经改造后省煤器未发生因磨损问题引起的爆管情况。     

椭圆形换热单管积灰特性的数值模拟研究

椭圆形换热管作为一种强化换热元件,在抗积灰性能方面具有一定优势.本文基于ANSYS FLUENT软件平台建立了一套模拟程序,针对椭圆形换热单管的积灰特性展开了数值模拟研究.重点研究了换热管的椭圆度、烟气流速以及飞灰颗粒粒径对飞灰沉积特性的影响.研究表明,当换热管的椭圆度在1～2之间变化时,5～100μm粒径的颗粒沉积率...     

一种用于铬盐生产中余热回收新型锅炉的设计开发

根据铬盐生产的工艺流程以及其烟气特性,设计开发出一种用于铬盐生产余热回收的新型锅炉。该型锅炉的主要特点是:受热面U型结构布置,自然循环、蒸发器三级并联布置,蒸发器采用加肋片结构,省煤器采用H型翅片管布置,蒸发器和省煤器管束呈交叉布置等。实践表明,该型锅炉对窑炉烟气温度、粉尘具有很好的适应性。     

Pool boiling heat transfer of propane, isobutane and their mixtures on enhanced tubes with reentrant channels

Pool boiling heat transfer experiments were carried out on a conventional smooth tube and four enhanced tubes with reentrant surfaces using propane, isobutane and their mixtures as working fluids for six saturation temperatures. The heat transfer performance is very different for different surface-fluid combinations. Compared to the smooth tube, the mixture boiling heat transfer degradation is more significant for the enhanced tubes. The current data are compared with available literature data for the same fluids and also with data for R12 and R134a. Experimental results of boiling hysteresis and for twin-tube bundles are also provided. Further explanations for the different heat transfer performances is provided by means of visualization in an accompanying paper [Y. Chen, M. Groll, R. Mertz, R. Kulenovic, Visualization and mechanisms of pool boiling of propane, isobutane and their mixtures on enhanced tubes with reentrant channels, submitted to Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer (H/S 04016)].