弹药供应保障物流系统与托盘集合包装的诌议

系统分析了部队弹药供应保障物流系统的组成,详细阐述了托盘集合包装在弹药供应保障物流系统中的有效作用,提出了采用托盘集合包装、提高弹药供应保障物流系统效率的举措.     

应当重视弹药包装试验要求的研究

分析了美军在弹药包装试验方面的三种类型的试验要求和目前国内弹药包装试验要求所存在的不足。指出加强弹药包装试验工作研究的必要性和紧迫性，并提出了相应的实施建议。     

海军战术弹药仓库托盘化、集装化保障研究

目的改进弹药托盘化、集装化保障在海军战术弹药仓库中的应用方法。方法实地调研部分海军战术弹药仓库,参与弹药保障任务。结果总结了海军战术弹药仓库的保障特点,即直接对作战舰艇保障、保障时效性要求高和部署位置靠前。从弹药接装和日常弹药保障等2个方面阐述了弹药托盘化保障在海军战术弹药仓库的应用现状,并指出托盘化保障在海军战术弹药仓库应用中存在的问题有汽车运输载质量利用率低,不适于舰上储存,以及弹药包装结构不便于取弹。结论结合海军专用弹药保障实际,提出研究新型结构弹药包装和开发储运一体化集装平台的建议,为我军弹药托盘化保障发展研究提供了参考。     

美军弹药包装设计与试验要求

分析了MIL-STD-1904A,MIL-STD-1660,MIL-STD-648D等多个美军弹药包装相关标准、规范,归纳出了弹药包装在防护级别、防护有效期、环境适应性、单元化、包装容器和试验验证等方面的设计与试验要求,研究表明美军弹药包装防护级别不同,相应的设计试验要求也不同。     

弹药包装储运一体化研究

目的提高弹药包装的防护性能和机动性。方法通过实地考察、研究文献,分析了弹药运输储存中的物流特点、环境特点和弹药包装的发展状况。结果从弹药包装、托盘、集装箱等3个层次研究其尺寸、材料及相应的防护措施,并提出了2种储运一体化组合包装方案。结论弹药包装综合了储存与运输的功能,进一步促进弹药包装往通用性、防护性、机动性的方向发展。     

基于综合利用率的通用弹药与托盘集装关联性研究

基于弹药包装现状,分析了现役通用弹药与托盘的关联性研究的必要性,首次提出了一种基于综合利用率的集装关联性定量分析方法,选取了部分通用弹药与标准托盘的参数进行了实例验证。为解决集装关联性问题提供了一种新的技术途径,有助于提高弹药集装化保障效能。     

美军兵器装备包装标准体系分析及启示

简要介绍了美军兵器装备防护包装标准体系构成,并对其基本特点和存在的问题进行了分析。特别指出了美军包装工作的特点:20世纪70年代以来,美军理顺了装备研制与装备包装研制的关系,重视通用化、系列化、组合化建设,紧跟战争模式变化,改进装备的防护包装,确保新形势下的后勤保障,信息技术在防护包装上的应用发展迅速。建议我国兵器包装领域应提振信心,更新观念,在新军事变革中加速标准化进程,首先实现常规弹药的包装标准化建设。     

我军步兵部队弹药配套包装

通过分析弹药包装对弹药物流的影响,结合我军步兵部队对弹药包装的需求特点,创新性的提出了"弹药配套包装"概念,并对其进行了可行性论证.详细介绍了弹药配套包装在美军弹药供应保障中的当前应用和发展展望.系统阐述了弹药配套包装应用于我军军事物流的现实意义.为进一步开展相关研究奠定了理论基础.     

外军弹药包装发展研究

通过介绍美军弹药包装的发展历程及其发展现状和特点,研究了外军弹药包装的发展趋势,以期为我军建立系统完善的弹药包装管理机制,实现包装、装卸、运输、储存、使用的一体化、信息化,满足全天候各种环境的装卸、运输、储存、使用,提供一些启示。     

适应新军事变革,大力发展通用弹药的集合包装

从新军事变革对弹药供应保障需求出发,系统阐述了集合包装对弹药供应保障的积极作用,详细介绍了先进实用的各种集装方法,最后提出了要大力发展具有我军特色的弹药集合包装的具体建议.     

滑板托盘集装单元货载搬运稳定性研究

目的为了规避托盘单元货载在叉车装卸搬运过程中因散垛、塌垛导致的货物事故。文中基于ADAMS仿真定量分析叉车装卸搬运过程中托盘单元货载稳定性。方法瓦楞纸箱货物分别采用重叠堆码和交错堆码,在牛卡纸滑板托盘上堆码达到2200mm的极限高度,形成滑板托盘集装单元货载,不施加裹膜、捆扎等固定措施。以这2种堆码方式形成的滑板托盘集装单元货载为研究对象,建立叉车搬运作业ADAMS动力学仿真模型,并进行货载稳定性分析。结果从仿真结果中可以得到,当货物质量为14 kg时,货物偏移和振动加速度最大,此时对比叉车车身速度曲线和实验要求曲线,验证了仿真数据设置的合理性;提取货物与托盘间位置偏移曲线,得到重叠堆码时,货物沿着叉尖方向的偏移量达到了最大值123.4 mm;提取货物振动加速度曲线,对货物脆值进行评价,得到货物若脆值需在60以上才不会因振动损坏。结论在不施加裹膜、捆扎等固定措施的情况下,采用这2种堆码方式形成的滑板托盘集装单元货载在叉车装卸搬运过程中虽未出现塌垛现象,但堆码在高层的货物发生了较大位置偏移和颠簸振动而存在散垛及损伤货物的危险。建议施加外部约束如裹膜、捆扎等必要措施。     

弹药托盘装运与空投补给相容性研究

为实现弹药由陆路运输到空运再到陆路运输的补给流程,从而解决战时弹药的快速保障问题,文中将弹药托盘装载系统与空投补给系统结合在一起进行研究,分析了弹药托盘装运系统与空投补给系统的构成,提出了两者的相容性目标,并通过相关试验提出了实现该目标的可行性途径.     

我国道路货运托盘标准相关研究

货物托盘化运输具有提高运输效率、减少货损货差等诸多优点，其在运输中所占比例也逐年提高。本文系统梳理了国内外托盘规格的现状，并结合货物包装标准、甩挂运输厢式半挂车、主流物流配送车辆对现有托盘标准的相容性进行了分析，提出了相关标准修订建议。     

The Effect of Stretch Wrap Prestretch on Unitized Load Containment

There are three main factors affecting the stability of a palletized load that is unitized by a stretch wrapping mechanism – the type of unitized load, wrapping configuration and shipping method. The wrapping configuration is typically determined on the basis of the type of unitized load and shipping method. For this study, the aforementioned components were referred to as the package, the product and the distribution environment. This study was designed to observe and understand the interactions between each of the components of the stretch wrap system. Prior to stretch wrapping a pallet of product, the film is elongated or prestretched. The elastic nature of the stretch wrap forces the film to conform to the palletized load. It is hypothesized that the containment force that the stretch wrap applies to the palletized load contributes to improved load containment. Hence, the objective of this study was to determine the existence of a correlation between percentage prestretch to change in containment force and load containment. For the study, a range of prestretched unitized loads were subjected to International Safe Transit Association 3E distribution testing. Simultaneously, the containment force was monitored during the period of distribution testing. Subsequent to distribution testing, the load dispersion was quantified. The data obtained from this test suggested that there is no correlation between percentage prestretch and change in containment force or load containment. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Measurement and analysis of low-acceleration and long-duration longitudinal events using delivery van

This study investigates longitudinal acceleration events during freight transportation characterized as low-acceleration and long-duration using delivery van type vehicles. In the past several decades, there has been an increase in shipments requiring only single or small pallet load quantities and mixed palletized unit loads comprised of different goods. These loads are often transported in delivery vans without load securing devices, increasing the risk of product loss and damage due to load failures resulting from unit loads shifting. A field data acquisition system was used to observe and record the random acceleration events from five vehicles for 5 days, explicitly targeting the vehicles' braking and acceleration manoeuvres. The study aimed to understand the physical phenomenon and provide new information that can be used during preshipment tests to prevent damage to goods and ensure unit load integrity is maintained throughout the supply chain. The events were statistically analysed to understand their probability of occurrence, severity level, and quantify critical parameters such as event rise and hold times. For the braking manoeuvre, the statistical mean of average deceleration was 0.25 g with a corresponding rise and hold duration of 0.83 and 1.27 s, respectively. During the vehicle's acceleration manoeuvre, the statistical mean of average acceleration was 0.29 g with a rise and hold time of 1.29 and 1.39 s, respectively. Utilizing the field data, composite profiles were developed, and these profiles were compared to the currently available test procedures and previous results of other studies.     

渡海登岛作战弹药两栖携行防护装具设计

目的针对渡海登岛作战过程中步兵分队弹药携行防护问题,设计一种组合式两栖便携防护装具,提高战时抢滩登陆过程中弹药的保障能力。方法采用理论分析和工程设计等方法,运用三维设计工具Solids Works,对防护装具结构进行设计与分析。结果通过整体结构分析和关键部件设计,解决了防护装具防水防潮、水上漂浮、携带便捷等问题,满足设计功能要求。结论通过对目前我军典型步兵弹药装载应用分析,表明防护装具能够满足步兵分队多种弹药防护要求,为渡海登岛作战弹药保障提供支持。     

基于信息化保障的弹药包装系统设计

弹药包装作为弹药的有机组成部分,直接影响到弹药储存的可靠性、安全性以及弹药保障能力。针对我军弹药保障信息化的需要,选取了弹药集装单元作为研究对象,结合射频识别技术、卫星定位技术、信息管理系统等,设计了一种新型弹药包装系统。     

弹药包装功能化及相关技术分析

弹药包装作为弹药的有机组成部分,直接影响到弹药储存的可靠性、安全性以及弹药保障能力.从综合防护和物流支持两个方面对弹药包装功能化及相关技术进行了分析,探讨了弹药包装的改进及发展方向.     

Effects of Transportation Hazards on Barrier Properties of Gas Flushed Retort Pouches

Clear high‐barrier retort pouches were filled with water and gas flushed with nitrogen. Headspace volumes utilized for this study were 200 and 400 cm³. Retort pouches were fitted with an OxyDot® as a non‐invasive measurement technique to monitor percent package headspace oxygen. The retort pouches were packaged inside regular slotted containers and subjected to laboratory simulated transportation performance tests for small parcel and unit load delivery systems. To evaluate the effects of the simulated transport tests, control retort pouches of each variable were used for comparison. Headspace oxygen levels were measured for all retort pouches (test and control) for 63 days. Results indicated that there were significant differences in all variables when comparing the simulated transport samples to the control samples. Comparing headspace volumes, the 400 cm³ pouches yielded less oxygen ingress into the pouch as compared with the 200 cm³ pouches in the small parcel simulation (p < 0.05). There were not significant differences for the two headspace volumes in the unit load simulation. Results from this study indicate packaged products being distributed through small parcel supply chains, which are handled more vigorously than those being shipped palletized, the increased headspace volume protected against oxygen ingress for certain distribution channels.