Hempseed in food industry: Nutritional value,health benefits,and industrial applications

Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) seeds have been consumed in Asian communities since prehistoric times. Recently, Australia, Canada, and the United States have legalized the cultivation and consumption of hempseed at low (<0.3%) tetrahydrocannabinol levels, and there's a growing interest in hempseed due to its nutritional value and pharmaceutical potential. This review aims to summarize the chemical composition, nutritional value, and potential health benefits of hempseed, as researched via in vitro and in vivo trials. The application of hempseed in the food industry is limited due to its poor performance on some functional properties, so the latest processing methods developed to improve these properties were compared. Additionally, manufacturing technologies incorporating hemp seeds into existing food products are also elaborated. This review would promote further in‐depth research on this recently approved food resources and maximize its utilization in new food product development.     

全谷物食品对人体健康最重要的营养健康因子

综述了全谷物食品中的营养健康因子及其对人体健康的调节机理,并提出全谷物食品研究过程中存在的主要问题,以推动我国全谷物食品的开发和应用。     

保健食品非法添加物检测技术研究进展

保健食品是适用于特定人群食用,具有调节作用,不以治疗疾病为目的的食品。本文对近年来我国保健食品中非法添加物现状、安全性和具体的检测技术加以系统整理、分析和总结,为规范保健食品技术评审和探索快速、有效的检测方法提供参考。      

The future of functional food: Emerging technologies application on prebiotics,probiotics and postbiotics

This review was the first to gather literature about the effect of emerging technologies on probiotic, prebiotic, and postbiotic products. Applying emerging technologies to probiotic products can increase probiotic survival and improve probiotic properties (cholesterol attachment, adhesion to Caco-2 cells, increase angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities, and decrease systolic blood pressure). Furthermore, it can optimize the fermentation process, produce or maintain compounds of interest (bacteriocin, oligosaccharides, peptides, phenolic compounds, flavonoids), improve bioactivity (vitamin, aglycones, calcium), and sensory characteristics. Applying emerging technologies to prebiotic products did not result in prebiotic degradation. Still, it contributed to higher concentrations of bioactive compounds (citric and ascorbic acids, anthocyanin, polyphenols, flavonoids) and health properties (antioxidant activity and inhibition of ACE, α-amylase, and α-glucosidase). Emerging technologies may also be applied to obtain postbiotics with increased health effects. In this way, current studies suggest that emerging food processing technologies enhance the efficiency of probiotics and prebiotics in food. The information provided may help food industries to choose a more suitable technology to process their products and provide a basis for the most used process parameters. Furthermore, the current gaps are discussed. Emerging technologies may be used to process food products resulting in increased probiotic functionality, prebiotic stability, and higher concentrations of bioactive compounds. In addition, they can be used to obtain postbiotic products with improved health effects compared to the conventional heat treatment.     

脆弱性理论视角下传统生鲜食品市场公共卫生风险及其治理

随着我国城市治理中风险因素的增加,传统生鲜食品市场已成为我国大型城市治理中的脆弱环节。为避免暴发由传统生鲜食品引发的公共卫生危机,有必要对我国传统生鲜食品市场内蕴藏的公共卫生风险进行分析与评估,进而提升我国公共卫生风险治理的能力。本文以脆弱性理论为研究视角,分析传统生鲜食品市场存在的公共卫生风险,论述我国传统生鲜食品市场在自然、社会、管理以及技术系统等方面的薄弱环节。在此基础上,本文对我国传统生鲜食品市场在脆弱性系统环境下存在的潜在、次生风险提出了有针对性的治理对策。     

国内外食品中致敏物质管理趋势及我国消费者食物过敏现状分析我国与世界主要国家/地区食品中致敏物质标示要求差异分析及中国消费者食物过敏情况研究

目的 对我国与主要国家/地区的食品致敏物质标签标示要求差异性展开研究,同时调查消费者的食物过敏情况以及对于致敏物质标签标示的认知度,为我国食品中致敏物质的标签标示管理提供建议。方法 收集对比各国/地区食品中致敏物质标签标示的法律法规及标准,同时对消费者开展问卷调查,对5 975份调查报告进行统计并分析调查结果。结果 我国食品中致敏物质标签标示要求较为宽松,消费者对于相关标示内容有所需求。结论 应推行食品中致敏物质的强制化标示,完善食品中致敏物质标签标示的管理。     

The new Israeli feed safety law: challenges in relation to animal and public health

The Israeli feed safety legislation, which came to prominence in the early 1970s, has undergone a major change from simple feed safety and quality regulations to a more holistic concept of control of feed safety and quality throughout the whole feed production chain, from farm to the end user table. In February 2014, a new law was approved by the Israeli parliament, namely the Control of Animal Feed Law, which is expected to enter into effect in 2017. The law is intended to regulate the production and marketing of animal feed, guaranteeing the safety and quality of animal products throughout the production chain. The responsibility on the implementation of the new feed law was moved from the Plant Protection Inspection Service to the Veterinary Services and Animal Health. In preparation for the law's implementation, we have characterized the various sources and production lines of feed for farm and domestic animals in Israel and assessed the current feed safety challenges in terms of potential hazards or undesirable substances. Moreover, the basic requirements for feed safety laboratories, which are mandatory for analyzing and testing for potential contaminants, are summarized for each of the contaminants discussed. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry     

浅谈我国保健食品安全管理存在问题及对策

随着我国居民生活水平的不断提高, 人们对保健食品的需求呈现上升趋势, 但保健食品安全管理相关的问题也随之暴露。本文主要从保健食品的生产、政府监管、消费者对保健食品的认识现状等方面, 对我国保健食品安全管理存在的问题进行了总结, 并结合我国保健食品的现状及实际情况, 提供相应的对策与建议。     

The challenges for global harmonisation of food safety norms and regulations: issues for India

Safe and adequate food is a human right, safety being a prime quality attribute without which food is unfit for consumption. Food safety regulations are framed to exercise control over all types of food produced, processed and sold so that the customer is assured that the food consumed will not cause any harm. From the Indian perspective, global harmonisation of food regulations is needed to improve food and nutrition security, the food trade and delivery of safe ready‐to‐eat (RTE) foods at all places and at all times. The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) put forward to transform developing societies incorporate many food safety issues. The success of the MDGs, including that of poverty reduction, will in part depend on an effective reduction of food‐borne diseases, particularly among the vulnerable group, which includes women and children. Food‐ and water‐borne illnesses can be a serious health hazard, being responsible for high incidences of morbidity and mortality across all age groups of people. Global harmonisation of food regulations would assist in facilitating food trade within and outside India through better compliance, ensuring the safety of RTE catered foods, as well as addressing issues related to the environment. At the same time, regulations need to be optimum, as overregulation may have undue negative effects on the food trade. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry     

Ugly but tasty: A systematic review of possible human and animal health risks related to entomophagy

Background: According to many recent studies, the use of insects as food seems to be convenient, sustainable, economical and healthy. The objective of this study is to analyze the possible effects of insect consumption on human and animal health. Methods: A systematic review of the literature was performed using the PubMed, Scopus and CAB databases. Results: Of the 6026 items initially retrieved, 70 were eligible for inclusion; 40 studies analyzed the use of insects in human foods or drugs, while 30 analyzed the use of insects in animal feed. In humans, the most commonly analyzed risks are nutrient malabsorption, growth alteration, chemical and microbiological contamination and allergy risk. Studies of animals focus on growth alteration, nutrient malabsorption and hematic and qualitative meat alteration. Conclusion: In recent years, researchers have shifted their focus from the possible use of edible insects in animal feed to their use as possible nutrient sources for humans. The results suggest that, if properly treated and preserved, products derived from insects are safe and efficient sources of nutrients for animals. Further studies are needed to evaluate the possible effects of prolonged insect consumption on human health.     

Organic Agriculture and Undernourishment in Developing Countries: Main Potentials and Challenges

While much has been published on the advantages of organic agriculture, less has addressed its potentials and challenges to fight undernourishment in developing countries. This article aims at reviewing the main potentials and challenges of this approach when dealing with “undernourishment” as a multifaceted concept in developing countries. Accordingly, 2 main issues of the concept which are “food security” and “food safety” are discussed in the context of both developed and developing countries to understand their different food policies’ priorities. Next, the main potentials, challenges and tradeoffs of the organic approach are analyzed to understand whether the approach is capable to provide a secure or a safe food-production system which can meet the food policy priorities in developing countries. With respect to food security, the article concludes that conventional and biotechnological approaches still produce higher yields than organic agriculture. However, considering the many advantages of organic agriculture, it can in a long run, be more conducive than now to meet food security. Thus, conventional approaches to feed the hungers in developing countries. Accordingly, the article emphasizes on the importance of providing farmers in developing countries with the possibility of implementing different approaches. Therefore, policy makers should be aware of a realistic and gradual transition from the other approaches to the organic that should be projected only in “long run,” and after conducting a series of risk assessment studies on the bases of both “crop-case” and “region-case.”     

Healthy and sustainable diets for future generations

Global food systems will face unprecedented challenges in the coming years. They will need to meet the nutritional needs of a growing population and feed an expanding demand for proteins. This is against a backdrop of increasing environmental challenges (water resources, climate change, soil health) and the need to improve farming livelihoods. Collaborative efforts by a variety of stakeholders are needed to ensure that future generations have access to healthy and sustainable diets. Food will play an increasingly important role in the global discourse on health. These topics were explored during Nestlé's second international conference on ‘Planting Seeds for the Future of Food: The Agriculture, Nutrition and Sustainability Nexus’, which took place in July 2017. This article discusses some of the key issues from the perspective of three major stakeholder groups, namely farming/agriculture, the food industry and consumers. © 2018 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.     

保健食品中山梨酸含量测定能力验证结果分析

目的分析测定保健食品中山梨酸的能力验证结果。方法用单因素方差分析和t检验对样品的均匀性和稳定性进行了检验。对参加能力验证项目并反馈结果的实验室所报结果进行稳健统计分析,用Z比分数评价各实验室检测能力。结果制备的样品均匀性符合要求并且在能力验证计划实施的周期内保持稳定,能够满足能力验证计划的要求。52家反馈结果的实验室中39家结果为满意结果,满意率为75%。结论多数参加本次能力验证项目的实验室数据结果评价为满意,表明总体上本次能力验证项目参加单位的检测水平良好。     

食品添加剂在加工中存在的问题及对策

随着现代食品的快速发展,食品添加剂已经成为食品产业中必不可少的角色,并成为食品工业技术进步和科技创新的重要推动力。然而,同时由食品添加剂带来的对消费者身体健康和生命安全的食品安全问题凸显了出来。一些企业为降低生产成本,超范围、超限量地使用食品添加剂,危害食品安全,或在食品生产和食品添加剂生产中违法添加非食用物质,影响人们的身体健康。掌握食品添加剂的正确使用方法,按国家相关法律法规、国家标准严格控制使用量,才能使食品添加剂在发挥最大功效的同时保证食品安全。本文综述了食品添加剂的使用要求及原则,并对食品添加剂在加工中存在的问题进行了初步的分析与探讨,提出了相应的解决对策,旨在确保食品的质量和食用安全。     

我国食品生产加工小作坊和食品摊贩监管中 存在的问题与建议

当前,我国食品生产加工小作坊和食品摊贩发展迅速、数量非常巨大,在对其监管过程中存在监管思路不清晰、相关监管配套法规缺失、监管机构整合遗漏、监管手段单一等问题,亟待解决。本文从我国食品生产加工小作坊和食品摊贩的现状出发,结合我国对生产加工小作坊和食品摊贩的监管模式的变迁,分析其主要特点及存在的必然性,探讨对其监管过程中存在的主要问题,借鉴欧盟、美国、新加坡等国家先进的监管经验,进而提出理顺小作坊和食品摊贩监管思路,建立健全配套法律法规体系,完善监管体制、壮大监管力量,对作坊和食品摊贩实行统一规划安置、划片集中经营,以及强化风险交流机制,建立信息共享平台等建议措施,以期为我国食品生产加工小作坊和食品摊贩监管工作提供借鉴。     

《食品安全国家标准食品添加剂使用标准》(GB 2760—2011)的修订

按照《食品安全法》、国务院及卫生部的相关要求,根据食品安全国家标准制修订的程序,受卫生部委托,中国疾病预防控制中心营养与食品安全所开展了《食品添加剂使用卫生标准》(GB 2760-2007)的修订工作,主要对食品添加剂主体部分、加工助剂和食品用香料的使用规定进行了修订.修订后的《食品安全国家标准 食品添加剂使用标准》( GB 2760-2011)符合我国法律法规的要求,更加规范了食品添加剂的使用,同时也方便了广大标准使用者的使用.     

欧盟转基因食品安全的法律基础

食品安全的法律建设 ,既是保证食品安全 ,搞好“放心菜篮子”的需要 ,也是在国际贸易中实施本国环境战略的需要。简要介绍欧盟转基因食品安全的法律要求 ,以期在我国相应的法律建设中起参考作用。     

保健食品产业中存在的问题及对策分析

随着我国社会矛盾的转变以及人口老龄化问题逐步加剧,保健食品市场得到了快速的发展,在保健食品急速发展的同时也出现了一些问题.该文简要介绍了我国保健食品的发展现状及自双轨制改革后各方面的政策变动,并系统分析了现阶段我国保健食品在产品、市场、监管审批等方面存在的问题.研究发现,现阶段我国保健食品功效的研究还主要集中在增强免疫...     

新《食品安全法》下保健食品监管难题及其应对措施

《食品安全法》在保健食品监管方面作出的重大调整,在很大程度上助推了保健食品行业的规范发展,然而,该法的相关规定仍存在很多模糊的地方。为此,建议应当统摄原卫生部发布的文件及《食品安全法》的规定,制作一份统一的保健食品原料目录;完善保健食品的备案审查、审核制度,将营销行为纳入保健食品经营许可的管理范畴,从源头上杜绝虚假宣传,并苛以严厉的法律责任;保健食品的注册、备案开展分类管理;重申企业标准的重要性并予以进一步规范、明确。只有真正落实上述措施,才能确保保健食品行业的有效监管,破解当前保健食品监管的乱象局面,进而全面促进保健食品行业的健康发展。