一种改进的无线局域网位置指纹定位法

精确、实时的室内定位技术是提供基于位置服务的关键技术之一。针对经典的基于无线局域网指纹定位法由于室内环境复杂多变、无线信号波动而不能实现精确定位的问题,提出了一种改进的指纹定位算法。该改进算法通过优化特征接入点的选取和指纹距离的计算,以及对最近邻的类聚处理,实现了对指纹匹配精确度和位置估计准确性的提高。实验表明,所提出的改进算法相比于经典的位置指纹法具有更高的定位精确度和鲁棒性。     

一种基于位置指纹的室内WLAN定位方法

针对室内信号时变性导致定位不准的问题,提出了一种改进的3阶段位置指纹定位法。采样阶段,将采集信号的坐标、方位、接收信号强度的高斯分布及其对应的无线接入点等信息存储在数据库中生成位置指纹;在校正阶段中,利用参考点间信号强度的关联性信息,使用局部加权线性回归法,计算出一些虚拟点的信号强度;最后是线上实时定位阶段。通过与传统的加权K最邻近算法、直方图和联合聚类等3种定位方法相比较,该算法在同样的场景下可以取得更好的定位精度。     

室内无线定位算法研究现状与发展趋势

随着无线定位技术的飞速发展,人们对室内定位需求的上升,室内环境的定位技术成为近年来的研究热点。考虑到室内定位的关键技术包含了许多方面,首先概述了目前室内定位主要的所面临的问题,分析了室内定位误差的主要来源;针对如何减少定位误差,将室内定位理论主要分为信道建模以及定位算法两个部分进行分析介绍;最后总结了现有的研究,指出了未来该领域的研究热点和发展趋势。     

基于参数拟合的室内多用户定位算法

为了提高室内环境下对目标的定位精度,提出一种室内单站精确定位技术. 该技术利用室内电波传播多径效应构成的复杂信道信息,基于机器学习,构建卷积神经网络架构,通过卷积提取不同位置目标到达接收传感器的多径时延特征信息;然后通过多层全连接层深度神经网络的模型训练,将基于复杂信道的定位问题转化为回归模型的问题,建立信道指纹与位置之间的非线性关系来完成被动定位. 训练和仿真结果表明,在室内复杂电波传播环境下,基于神经网络的室内单站精确定位技术能够实现单接收站情况下对目标的精确定位. 本文主要对3×3网格大小的金属散射体进行定位,接收站位于室内时,平均定位误差为0.621个网格（12.42 cm）;接收站位于室外时,能够分别实现信噪比20 dB、30 dB、40 dB情况下44.09 cm、21.42 cm、20.96 cm的平均定位误差. 本文方法为室内复杂环境下的目标定位提供了一种新的定位方法.     

基于改进粒子滤波的RFID室内目标定位算法

针对于LANDMARC算法的RFID室内定位精度受传输路径影响严重,直接采用粒子滤波自适应性差的问题,提出一种基于改进粒子滤波的RFID室内定位算法.该算法首先利用极限学习机(ELM)拟合阅读器接收信号强度与标签距离之间的非线性关系,构建信号传输模型,筛选邻近标签集;然后采用自适应学习因子优化粒子滤波过程,提高粒子全局...     

基于指纹算法的无线室内定位技术

随着人们对基于位置的服务（LBS）需求日益增大,室内定位逐渐成为用户定位领域的研究热点,而指纹定位因具有定位精度高、普适性强和无需额外设备等优点而受到大多数研究者的青睐。首先详细综述了各种主流室内位置指纹定位技术的定位原理,然后归纳了现有的室内定位算法的原理及发展现状,最后搭建楼宇通道的测试场景,对各种典型室内定位算法进行测试验证和比较分析,为室内定位技术的研究与应用人员提供参考。     

一种基于SO-CNN模型的可见光室内定位优化方法

针对基于机器学习的可见光室内定位方法存在的手工调参、定位精度低等问题,结合蛇优化(Snake Optimization,SO)算法的寻优能力与卷积神经网络(Convolutional Neural Network,CNN)处理复杂非线性问题的能力,提出了一种基于SO-CNN模型的可见光室内定位优化方法.在考虑多径效应影响的情况下,采集每个位置点处的信噪比和对应位置坐标构建指纹数据库,对SO-CNN模型进行训练和测试,以得到最佳定位模型.实验结果表明,在 5 m×5 m×3 m的房间中,与未经优化的CNN相比,该方法的平均定位误差降低了 35.13%;与反向传播神经网络(Back Propagation Neural Network,BPNN)、多层感知器(Multilayer Perceptron,MLP)、SO-MLP 相比,该方法的平均定位误差分别降低了54.75%,48.08%,37.01%.     

基于参考标签的射频识别定位算法研究与应用

对基于参考标签的最近邻居定位算法提出了若干改进,提出了动态k值设定的方法,参考标签可信度的概念和最近邻标签偏差校正算法,并采用了目标标签历史轨迹算法.基于多天线的时分复用搭建了室内定位系统,并且依据改进后的算法开发了相应的界面软件.实测表明改进算法的定位精度和在恶劣环境下定位结果的稳定度比原算法有了明显提高.     

Building information systems based on precise indoor positioning

During the last 10 years, many modern IT-based applications have developed inside buildings. Many of those applications would benefit by the ability to locate people and/or objects inside the building (indoor positioning). However, most of today's indoor positioning systems are not able to deliver precise position information (<10?cm) along with quality parameters. Ultra wide band (UWB) is a new radio-based technology that allows the determination of distances in indoor environments with a very high spatial resolution even through building materials. At the Institute of Geodesy of TU Darmstadt, a high-resolution UWB positioning system (UWB-ILPS; ILPS, indoor local positioning systems) based on trilateration principle has been developed to estimate the position of a mobile station precisely. To benefit from knowing the position and orientation, it is necessary to select and merge data linked to the user's location for indoor location services. By this means, the visitor to a public building may benefit from the system as his position is shown on a digital floor plan generated dynamically or by retrieving location-based information inside the building. Mixed reality systems also offer advantages for a mobile building information system. For this purpose, a webcam was replaced by the digital camera in the UWB-ILPS prototype. Knowing the camera's location in space and its view direction, one is able to merge the real world taken by the webcam with the virtual world represented by a 3D CAD model of the building.     

基于仿射传播聚类的概率分布室内定位算法

随着定位技术的快速发展,基于无线局域网的室内定位成为新的研究热点。本文提出了一种基于近邻传播聚类的概率分布无线局域网(WLAN)室内定位算法。与传统室内定位算法相比,该算法首先引入近邻传播聚类缩小参考点搜索空间,然后利用概率分布定位算法进行精确定位。仿射传播聚类可以有效减少概率分布定位算法的计算量,应用于系统后将有效降低系统复杂度。实验结果表明,本文所提算法具有更好的定位精度,可实现对WLAN室内定位目标的快速、可靠定位。     

Locus: robust and calibration-free indoor localization,tracking and navigation for multi-story buildings

A fundamental goal of indoor localisation technology is to achieve the milestone of combining minimal cost with accuracy sufficient enough for general consumer applications. To achieve this, current indoor positioning systems need either extensive calibration or expensive hardware. Moreover, very few systems built so far have addressed floor determination in multi-story buildings. In this paper, we explain a Wi-fi-based indoor localisation, tracking and navigation system for multi-story buildings called Locus. Locus determines a device’s floor as well as location on that floor using existing knowledge of infrastructure, and without requiring any calibration or proprietary hardware. It is an inexpensive solution with minimum set-up and maintenance expenses, is scalable, readily deployable and robust to environmental changes. Experimental results in three different buildings spanning multiple floors show that it can determine the floor with 95.33% accuracy and the location on the floor with an error of 6.49 m on an average in real-life practical environments. We also demonstrate its utility via two location-based applications for indoor navigation and tracking in emergency scenarios.     

室内定位现状与发展趋势研究

This paper introduces the significance of indoor positioning and analyzes the related problems. The latest research on indoor positioning is introduced. Further, the positioning accuracy and the cost of typical local and wide area indoor positioning systems are compared. The results of the comparison show that Time &; Code Divi-sion-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multi-plexing (TC-OFDM) is a system that can achieve real-time meter-accu瑀acy of indoor positioning in a wide area. Finally, in this paper, we indicate that the seamless high-accuracy indoor positioning in a wide area is the de-velopment trend of indoor positioning. The seamless Location Based Services (LBS) architecture based on a heterogeneous network, key technologies in indoor positioning for decimeter-accuracy and seam-less outdoor and indoor Geographic Infor-mation System (GIS) are elaborated as the most important research fields of future indoor positioning.     

室内环境下定位技术的研究

随着移动通信、无线传感器网络及无线局域网技术的发展,室内环境下基于位置的服务越来越受到人们的关注,因而室内环境下的定位成为一个非常活跃的研究领域.本文介绍比较了目前几种室内定位技术各自的原理、特点,并对室内定位技术今后的研究方向进行了展望.     

基于深度行为分类的人员轨迹盲推方法

针对传统的非足部基于人员轨迹盲推的室内定位(Pedestrian Dead Reckoning,PDR)方法仅适合单个行为条件下的定位,无法适应真实定位场景的问题,提出了一种基于深度行为分类的人员轨迹盲推方法.该方法首先利用基于循环神经网络(Recurrent Neural Network,RNN)的深度学习进行人员行...