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采用直接沉淀法,通过改变沉淀剂(氨水、NaOH)及反应时间制备纳米ZnO粒子,并通过扫描电子显微镜、荧光显微镜对所得产物的形貌及其荧光性能进行分析表征。结果显示:不同沉淀剂制备的ZnO纳米粒子的形貌和尺寸均不相同,用Zn(NO3)2和NH3.H2O反应可制得花状的纳米粒子,而用Zn(NO3)2和NaOH反应则会生成球状的纳米粒子,其尺寸分别为500和200nm左右;反应前期,反应时间主要影响粒子的尺寸,随反应时间的增加粒子的形貌也发生变化;与以NaOH为沉淀剂制备的纳米ZnO粒子相比,以氨水为沉淀剂制备的纳米ZnO粒子具有好的荧光性能。 相似文献
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采用自制的实验装置, 通过阳极弧放电等离子体技术成功制备了Ni纳米颗粒填充的碳纳米管, 利用高分辨透射电子显微镜(HRTEM)、 XRD、 TEM、 X射线能量色散分析谱仪(XEDS)和振动样品磁强计(VSM)等测试手段对样品的化学成分、 形态、 微观结构和磁性能进行了表征。实验结果表明, 采用本文中实验方法能获得大量被纳米金属颗粒填充的碳纳米管, 其内部填充物为面心立方(FCC)结构的纳米Ni颗粒, 外围薄层为石墨碳层。碳纳米管的外径为30~40 nm, 壁厚5~8 nm, 内部填充的纳米颗粒呈球形和椭球形, 粒径均匀, 在管腔内不连续分布。产物具有顺磁特性, 矫顽力是78 Oe, 饱和磁化强度是33 enu/g。 相似文献
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用反相微乳液法合成Fe3O4/CdS纳米复合微粒.用UV-Vis、PL、VSM和TEM对产物进行了表征,并对其结合机理进行了简单分析,认为主要以化学键结合和表面类齿轮切合作用所致.还研究了不同的合成条件对复合材料性能的影响.结果表明,随着微乳液水核尺寸增大,荧光发射光谱逐渐红移,同时壳层厚度先增后减.复合材料中磁性组份比重过大会引起荧光的迅速减弱,磁性先驱物与量子点先驱物物质的量比为0.25~0.5时比较合适. 相似文献
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采用改进的高温分解法制备单分散Fe3O4纳米粒子,以正硅酸乙酯为硅源在其表面包覆SiO2,以N-氨乙基-γ氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷为改性剂对复合粒子进行表面氨基化修饰,制备出氨基化磁性复合纳米粒子Fe3O4@SiO2—NH2。利用红外光谱(FT-IR)、透射电镜(TEM)、X射线衍射(XRD),振动样品磁强计(VSM)等手段对复合粒子进行了表征,并研究其作为吸附剂在不同条件下对Pb2+的吸附性能。表征结果显示,所制备的复合粒子具有核壳结构,粒径均匀大约在50nm,粒子表面拥有丰富的氨基功能基团;复合粒子饱和磁化强度为69.50A.m2/kg,具有超顺磁性。吸附实验表明所制备的氨基化磁性复合纳米粒子对Pb2+具有较大的吸附容量,是一种能够有效处理含铅废水的吸附材料。 相似文献
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为了资源化利用油菜秸秆等废弃物, 以油菜秸秆和凹凸棒石为原料, 以酚醛树脂为黏结剂, 通过复合、 热压、 烧结等工艺过程制备了凹凸棒石/油菜秸秆木质陶瓷。对不同原料质量配比和烧结温度下制备的复合材料进行性能测试。结果表明, 采用该工艺制备凹凸棒石/油菜秸秆木质陶瓷是可行的, 原料的选择、 质量配比、 烧结温度等参数对材料制备过程及性能均有较大的影响。油菜秸秆与凹凸棒石质量配比为1∶2时复合材料的力学性能较好, 烧结温度在600~700 ℃时, 残炭率最高; 在600~800 ℃范围内, 抗弯强度的提高达到最佳; 在800 ℃时, 导电性能得到改善。 相似文献
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为了资源化利用油菜秸秆等废弃物,以油菜秸秆和凹凸棒石为原料,以酚醛树脂为黏结剂,通过复合、热压、烧结等工艺过程制备了凹凸棒石/油菜秸秆木质陶瓷.对不同原料质量配比和烧结温度下制备的复合材料进行性能测试.结果表明,采用该工艺制备凹凸棒石/油菜秸秆木质陶瓷是可行的,原料的选择、质量配比、烧结温度等参数对材料制备过程及性能均有较大的影响.油菜秸秆与凹凸棒石质量配比为1:2时复合材料的力学性能较好,烧结温度在600~700℃时,残炭率最高;在600~800℃范围内,抗弯强度的提高达到最佳;在800℃时,导电性能得到改善. 相似文献
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Different crystal structure of TeO2 nanoparticles were used as the host materials to prepare the Er3+/Yb3+ ions co-doped upconversion luminescent materials. The TeO2 nanoparticles mainly kept the original morphology and phase after having been co-doped the Er3+/Yb3+ ions. All the as-prepared TeO2:Er3+/Yb3+ nanoparticles showed the green emissions (525 nm, 545 nm) and red emission (667 nm) under 980 nm excitation. The green emissions at 525 nm, 545 nm and red emission at 667 nm were attributed to the 2H11/2 → 4I15/2, 4S3/2 → 4I15/2 and 4F9/2 → 4I15/2 transitions of the Er3+ ions, respectively. For the α-TeO2:Er3+/Yb3+ (3/10 mol%) nanoparticles, three-photon process involved in the green (2H11/2 → 4I15/2) emission, while two-photon process involved in the green (4S3/2→4I15/2) and red (4F9/2 → 4I15/2) emissions. For the β-TeO2:Er3+/Yb3+ (3/10 mol%) nanoparticles, two-photon process involved in the green (2H11/2 → 4I15/2), green (4S3/2 → 4I15/2) and red (4F9/2 → 4I15/2) emissions. It suggested that the crystal structure of TeO2 nanoparticles had an effect on transition processes of the Er3+/Yb3+ ions. The emission intensities of the α-TeO2:Er3+/Yb3+ (3/10 mol%) nanoparticles and β-TeO2:Er3+/Yb3+ (3/10 mol%) nanoparticles were much stronger than those of the (α + β)-TeO2:Er3+/Yb3+ (3/10 mol%) nanoparticles. 相似文献
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以硬脂酸锌和过氧化氢为原料,采用油相法一步合成出一种特殊的氧化锌花状纳米结构。利用透射电镜、高分辨电镜、X射线衍射等对其形貌和结构的分析表明:花状氧化锌纳米颗粒结构为六方晶相,大小约为30nm。吸收光谱和荧光光谱测量显示该纳米结构有显著的近带边紫光发射特性,对应的缺陷发光强度较弱,表明这一纳米结构有较好的光学特性,因此在生物荧光标记方面有着潜在的应用价值。 相似文献
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自然骨的组成和结晶度均不同于人工合成的羟基磷灰石[Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2,hydroxyapatite,HA],是一种典型的缺钙羟基磷灰石,还含有镁(Mg)、锶(Sr)、钠(Na)、钾(K)、氟(F)等离子。为满足临床要求,常常需要在HA中添加一些元素来改善其性能。含镁羟基磷灰石(Mg-HA)就是其中的一类改性材料。以四水硝酸钙[Ca(NO3)2.4H2O]、磷酸氢二铵[(NH4)2HPO4]、六水硝酸镁[Mg(NO3)2.6H2O]为原料,在180℃下水热处理8h制得Mg-HA。通过XRD、IR、TEM、EDX和TG/DTA对Mg-HA的晶相、化学组成、形貌和热稳定性进行分析,并通过细胞培养,MTT比色法对材料的细胞毒性进行评价。结果表明,Mg取代部分钙(Ca)进入HA的晶格中。随着Mg含量的提高,Mg-HA晶粒尺寸呈减小趋势,热稳定性降低,掺镁对羟基磷灰石细胞毒性影响较小,Mg-HA具有较好的生物相容性。 相似文献
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新型抗菌聚乙烯塑料制备及性能研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用熔融共混法制备得到具有负离子释放功能的低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)/稀土复合矿粉(Eli)、LDPE/Eli/吡啶硫铜锌(ZPT)(LDPE/Eli/ZPT)两种LDPE抗茵塑料.通过对其结晶行为、抗菌性能及抗菌持久性系统研究表明:Eli的加入对LDPE有异相成核作用;Eli用量为1份时,LDPE/Eli复合材料负离子释放量为790 ions/co,与公园中负离子释放量相当,抗菌率达到45%以上;ZPT用量为0.15份时,LDPE/Eli/ZPT复合体系对大肠杆菌(E. coli)抗菌率达到98.21%,对金黄色葡萄球菌(S. aureus)抗菌率达到96.15%,经过30天的水洗后,其抗菌率仍能保持82.14%(E coli)和81.25%(S.aureus). 相似文献
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《Materials Research Bulletin》2006,41(7):1310-1318
Cuprous oxide (Cu2O) nanoparticles of 35 nm in crystal size have been successfully synthesized via electrochemical method in alkali NaCl solutions with copper as electrodes and K2Cr2O7 as additive. Photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange (MeO) in aqueous Cu2O solution was investigated under either ultraviolet (UV) light or sunlight. X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV–vis) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were introduced to characterize the samples. The results indicate that electric current shows no obvious effect on the growth of Cu2O nanocrystals and that 97% of MeO can be decolorized under UV irradiation for 2 h or under sunlight for 3 h when amount of Cu2O is 2 g/L. Recycling use of the catalyst revealed that Cu2O still has a high photocatalytic efficiency when repeatedly used for four times. Cu2O nanoparticles still kept its cubic crystal phase, but fractionally oxidized to be CuO after the photocatalysis. Compared with the original Cu2O nanoparticles, there has 1 eV shift of Cu 2p electron and 1.6 eV shift of Cu Auger signals for the Cu2O powders after four times photocatalysis. Some new peaks can also be observed at 401.1, 237.4 and 170.2 eV in the Cu2O powders after photocatalysis. 相似文献
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P. P. Fedorov E. A. Tkachenko S. V. Kuznetsov V. V. Voronov S. V. Lavrishchev 《Inorganic Materials》2007,43(5):502-504
MgO nanoparticles have been prepared via hydroxide precipitation from aqueous solutions, followed by the thermal decomposition of the hydroxide. The nanoparticles inherit the platelike shape from the hydroxide and break into isometric particles upon significant superheating. The particle size of the synthesized magnesium oxide powders varies from 30 to 75 nm, depending on the annealing temperature. 相似文献
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D. V. Drobot A. V. Chub V. V. Voronov P. P. Fedorov V. K. Ivanov O. S. Polezhaeva 《Inorganic Materials》2008,44(8):853-855
Ceria nanoparticles (D = 2.4?6.9 nm) with the fluorite structure have been prepared via oxidative precipitation of cerium from a solution of a rare-earth chloride mixture, followed by acid washing. 相似文献
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《Materials science & engineering. C, Materials for biological applications》2004,24(1-2):131-134
Nanoparticles of 1-phenyl-3-naphthyl-5-((dimethylamino)phenyl)-2-pyrazoline ranging from tens to hundreds of nanometers were prepared by the reprecipitation method. Their excitonic transitions responsible for absorption and emission, as compared with those of dilute solution, have been investigated as a function of nanoparticle size. We found that pyrazoline nanoparticles possess a special size dependence on their optical properties. As the nanoparticle size decreased, the molecular absorption peak of pyrazoline nanoparticles was observed to shift to the high-energy side due to size effect. 相似文献