The chemical composition of highway drainage waters IV. Alkyllead compounds in runoff waters

Alkyllead compounds have been analysed in road drainage water samples collected during seven storm events using a sensitive gas chromatography-atomic absorption technique. The most commonly observed alkyllead species were tetraethyllead, triethyllead and trimethyllead. Similar compounds were also observed in rainwater collected at the site, but not in road surface dust or bottom sediment from the drainage channel. In all samples analysed the concentration of alkyllead was < 5% of the dissolved (< 0.45 μm) inorganic lead. It is postulated that washout of alkyllead from the atmosphere is the major source of alkyllead compounds in the drainage waters analysed. Alkyllead species were also identified in rainwater collected at other sites.     

设计结合医疗——医疗花园和康复景观

康复疗养医学的整体医疗理念和非药物治疗手段因其合理、绿色、环保而得到发展.从康复疗养医学的角度论证医疗花园和康复景观作为辅助人类康复的治疗因子的重要意义.通过归纳总结康复景观的理论和实践,提出"循证设计"的方法应该作为医疗花园和康复景观设计中的一种重要的方法论,为设计提供科学依据和实证基础.探讨医疗花园和康复景观的设计目标和设计方法,提出中国传统的哲学、宗教、中医药学以及中国古典园林中的养生文化对我国康复疗养环境的建设具有重要的指导意义.     

抚平创伤

我们认为"纪念地景"不仅是一个用来纪念过去的建造形式,并且是一种用来面对未来的疗愈历程.我们提议用5·12地震回收再生的建筑废料来建造一个兼具纪念与疗愈双重用意的场(地).     

侵蚀环境下微胶囊自修复水泥基材料的修复效果评价

探究了微胶囊掺量、试件预破坏程度、侵蚀溶液pH值以及试件养护龄期对试件修复行为的影响.利用抗压强度回复率和损伤变量来评价试件的自修复效果.结果表明:掺入微胶囊后试件的抗压强度回复率得到提高,不同龄期试件的修复效果均随侵蚀溶液pH值的提高而提高.相同情况下,当微胶囊质量分数为2%时,养护28d的试件修复效果较好,而微胶囊质量分数为4%时,养护180d的试件抗压强度回复率较高.     

疗伤系新宠物

都市生活残酷,“受伤”再所难免。“疗伤系”物品因此风行,不要觉得这些小东西幼稚,也不要以“很实用”去衡量。买来放在家里,看到他们的可爱模样,嘴角自然就会漾起笑意。     

混凝土裂缝修补技术

介绍了混凝土产生裂缝的常见原因，分析了风干与太阳曝晒引起的混凝土裂缝的主要特征，阐述了修补混凝土裂缝的常用方法，介绍了注浆法修补工艺。     

康复花园

20世纪50年代后,美国日渐泛滥程式化的医疗建筑设计,产生了很多负面影响,一种以病人为本的全新设计理念,在户外辅助治疗的"康复花园"干90年代开始出现.介绍了康复花园的15种设计原则,这些原则有源于经验的,也有基于常识的,是目前所知的最好的康复花园的设计原则,能带来积极的康复效果.现在西方国家的设计师们运用康复花园的经验和理念,在医疗诊断的基础上针对特殊病人对花园的要求设计花园.还有专门为成人和儿童生理复原、精神治疗、老年痴呆、烧伤、艾滋和癌症患者建造的花园等,有很多领域有待深入研究.     

加拿大萨德伯雷市的环境治理

萨德伯雷市位于加拿大安大略省东北部萨德伯雷盆地,距加拿大最大的城市多伦多仅400千米,人口16.2万,面积2800平方千米。19世纪80年代,地质勘探者在萨德伯雷发现了与铜共生的硫矿石和世界上最大的镍矿。采矿业及相关制造业的兴起使萨德伯雷成为当今世界上最大的矿业中心之一和     

关于愈合的设计

这是一个从"伤口"到"花园"的设计,是一个"愈合"过程的设计,是凝聚爱和力量的设计.参与者通过取土、穿过长廊、安土、默哀、回望等一系列行为来纪念本次地震中逝去的生命.这些行为不仅是参与者的纪念过程,也是建设"花园"的过程.     

Epidemoilogical Studies on cancer and organic compounds in U.S. drinking waters

Two national surveys of U. S. drinking waters have been conducted todetermine the presence and concentration levels of organic compounds, particularly trihalomethanes. Most drinking water supplies from surface water sources have been shown to contain numerous organic compounds at very low levels. Chloroform is present in virtually all drinking water supplies that are treated with chlorine as a disinfectant.The health effects of organic compounds have been investigated by animal and epidemiological studies.Numerous epidemiological studies have been conducted on various geographic sections of the United States. Fourteen epidemiological studies that were hypothesis generating studies were conducted to determine if there is a positive — association between drinking water and increased cancer mortality. These studies may indicate which organ(s) might potentially be the affected organ(s). Further epidemiological studies that tested various hypotheses were conducted A summary of these studies is presented, which indicates that there is potentially an increased risk of bladder, colon, and rectum cancer from drinking waters containing trihalomethanes.     

因地果还生 从王府花园到康复花园

1宜亭斯亭,宜榭斯榭＂因借＂既可近借、远借等,也可借场地、借历史,巧而得体、地尽其利即为借。巧而得体的借应该是对基址的最小变动满足最大的功能需求,位于北京市西城区的积水潭医院完好保留了王府花园的自然山水格局,历史遗貌历历在目。在探索传统的王府花园格局中如何实现现代康复需求,赋予王府花园以新生便成了因借而活的主旨。     

关于医疗花园与园艺医疗

“医疗花园”并不是一个新出现的概念，大约一万年前人类开始从事农业生产时，“医疗花园”就是众多花园类型中的一种，历史上对治疗有帮助的花园有东方的日本禅宗花园和西方的修道院花园等，古代的医疗花园大多依附于修道院和寺庙，多少借助了一些宗教的力量。     

Discriminatory classification of natural and anthropogenic waters in two U.K. estuaries

The ability to distinguish water inputs from both natural and anthropogenic sources was investigated in the complex environment of an urban estuary (Tyne) and a relatively pristine estuary (Tweed). We used a data set from a total of 11 estuarine transects, comprising measurements of bulk dissolved organic matter (dissolved organic carbon and nitrogen), dissolved nitrogen (total dissolved nitrogen, ammonium, nitrate+nitrite and dissolved organic nitrogen), optical absorbance measurements (a350, S290-350) and fluorescence excitation emission matrix measurements (fluorophores A, H, B and T intensity and A and H emission wavelength maxima). In order to investigate trends within the numerous parameters measured, multivariate statistics were employed. Principal components analyses showed 63.4% of the variability in the total data set can be explained by two sets of components and 74.9% of the variability by the spectrophotometric measurements alone. In both analyses the first component correlated to the mixing of terrestrial and marine waters and the second component was correlated to sources of pollution such as domestic sewage. Within the data set, river flow and terrestrially derived DOM were significantly correlated, and situations with high river input showed an increase in terrestrial signature in the estuary. Discriminant analyses were also carried out and indicated that 59.8% (total data set) and 53.3% (solely spectrophotometric data) of the samples can be correctly classified into their respective groups (water categories) assigned on the basis of salinity and sampling location. Overall the results clearly show the potential of spectrophotometric techniques to discriminate distinct water categories with different DOM characteristics. In particular, measurement of the fluorophore H emission maxima, the spectral slope parameter, S290-350, and fluorophores T and B intensity enabled discrimination of DOM from riverine, estuarine, marine, and sewage affected water categories. The results presented here indicate the ability of spectrophotometric data alone to distinguish between marine, anthropogenic and terrestrial DOM and distinguish terrestrial DOM from different catchments (Tyne vs. Tweed). With current advances in the in-situ deployment of absorbance and fluorescence spectroscopy it is anticipated that multivariate statistics will gain importance as a cost effective, powerful and diagnostic approach to assessing the distributions of water types and their associated DOM characteristics and fluxes at the land-ocean interface.     

战乱地区建大桥

一台翻勃海尔LR1800正在耶路撒冷市入口处吊装一座极具艺术性的大桥.Will Dalrymple报道. 一座钢缆斜拉桥Meitarim在2009年完工时将以一条漂亮的150m圆弧横跨耶路撒冷市入口处一座交通繁忙的交叉路口耶路撒冷特拉维夫大道.     

Nanoparticles in artesian waters

We have proposed the classification of nanoparticles in natural waters by the mechanism of the formation and chemical composition. We have obtained data according to the dimensional spectrum and the content of microelements aluminosilicate particles of artesian waters.