变偏置双交叉限幅燃烧控制系统设计及应用研究

在双交叉限幅燃烧控制系统的基础上,针对船用蒸汽动力装置主锅炉负荷变化频繁及幅度大的运行特点,设计了一种变偏置双交叉限幅燃烧控制系统,并对所设计的变偏置双交叉限幅燃烧控制系统在船用主锅炉燃烧控制系统中的应用进行了仿真实验研究,给出了变偏置函数的最佳取值范围。     

活塞环倒角机继电器控制系统的设计

本文阐述了活塞环倒角机工艺动作要求,介绍了活塞环倒角机继电器控制系统的设计方案,给出了电气控制系统的主电路、控制电路图以及主要电气元件的选择方法.     

辐射能信号在循环流化床锅炉主汽温控制中的试验

对火电厂主汽温控制系统来说,减温器导前区和惰性区的不同响应特性会导致主汽温波动大,进而影响到机组的经济性和安全性。作为能够快速反映炉膛燃烧状况的辐射能信号,将其引入到主汽温控制回路中,能够减少主汽温在惰性区的滞后,提高主蒸汽温度的控制品质。在某电厂480 t/h循环流化床锅炉上的试验运行表明,改进后的主汽温控制系统达到了预期效果。     

搜寻者优化算法在锅炉主汽压控制系统中的应用

针对电厂锅炉主汽压的控制问题,提出了一种基于SOA(搜寻者算法)优化PID控制器参数的控制方法。在该算法中,以主汽压系统输出的误差绝对值时间积分性能指标作为SOA算法的适应度函数,以得到一组PID控制器的优化参数,并用于锅炉主汽压的控制系统中。仿真结果表明,与粒子群算法及遗传算法相比,SOA优化算法具有较佳的寻优能力及优化效率,进而改善了主汽压控制系统的动态性能。     

通过两化融合推进高产高效矿井建设

通过中煤能源鄂尔多斯分公司伊化矿业公司采煤工作面、主井提升机、矿井主运输、井下主排水系统自动化控制系统的设计为例,简要阐述了现代化矿井通过“两化”融合推进高产高效建设的情况.     

汽轮机功频控制机理的分析

根据自动控制理论和汽轮机热力系统的工艺流程,分析了汽轮机功频控制系统的控制机理,纠正了现有教材或资料中对汽轮机功频控制系统理解的不正确说法.指出汽轮机功频控制系统中的发电机有功功率信号是前馈信号,不是反馈信号;汽轮机调节级压力反馈控制实际上就是汽轮机功率反馈控制;汽轮机功频控制系统实际上就是前馈-反馈串级控制系统;一次调频回路实际上就是汽轮机功频控制系统的主回路.     

600 MW超临界直流锅炉自动控制系统的特点及控制方案

针对内置式启动控制的600 MW超临界直流锅炉动态特性的复杂性,提出采用前馈、变定值、变参数、变增益、变结构的控制方案,并详细分析了给水控制系统和主汽温控制系统.     

GPC-PID串级控制在主汽温控制系统中的仿真研究

针对火电厂主汽温控制系统大惯性、大延迟且模型不确定,以及常规PID串级控制难以取得良好的控制效果等特点,设计的主汽温控制系统将串级控制结构与预测控制相结合,内回路采用常规比例调节,外回路采用广义预测控制器(GPC).通过Matlab仿真得到,该系统具有较强的鲁棒性和很好的控制品质,适合具有时滞的复杂控制系统.     

蒸汽动力主锅炉燃烧控制系统设计及应用

船舶主锅炉运行时负荷变化频繁,且变化幅度大。因此,稳定地,控制主蒸汽压力,防止锅炉安全阀启跳尤为重要,这就对燃烧控制系统的快速性提出了很高的要求。本文介绍了适用于大负荷扰动的锅炉燃烧控制系统。     

ABB Bailey公司主汽温度控制策略的应用研究

目前火电厂常用的汽温控制系统中,ABB Bailey公司的主汽温控制策略非常具有代表性。介绍了ABB Bailey公司主汽温控制策略的控制结构及特点,通过计算进入过热器的蒸汽应具有的焓值,来确定喷水减温阀出口温度的设定值。动态时系统输出与过热蒸汽温度相等,改善了过热蒸汽温度控制系统的动态品质。通过电厂实际投运试验,证明了此控制策略具有抗干扰能力强和适应负荷变化能力强的优点,使系统具有良好的控制品质。     

Virtual inertia for variable speed wind turbines

Inertia provision for frequency control is among the ancillary services that different national grid codes will likely require to be provided by future wind turbines. The aim of this paper is analysing how the inertia response support from a variable speed wind turbine (VSWT) to the primary frequency control of a power system can be enhanced. Unlike fixed speed wind turbines, VSWTs do not inherently contribute to system inertia, as they are decoupled from the power system through electronic converters. Emphasis in this paper is on how to emulate VSWTs inertia using control of the power electronic converter and on its impact on the primary frequency response of a power system. An additional control for the power electronics is implemented to give VSWTs a virtual inertia, referring to the kinetic energy stored in the rotating masses, which can be released initially to support the system's inertia. A simple Matlab/Simulink model and control of a VSWT and of a generic power system are developed to analyse the primary frequency response following different generation losses in a system comprising VSWTs provided with virtual inertia. The possibility of substituting a 50% share of conventional power with wind is also assessed and investigated. The intrinsic problems related to the implementation of virtual inertia are illustrated, addressing their origin in the action of pitch and power control. A solution is proposed, which aims at obtaining the same response as for the system with only conventional generation. The range of wind speeds near the power limitation zone seems to be the most critical from a primary response point of view. The theoretical reasons behind this are elucidated in the paper. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

分层控制在微网中的应用研究

针对微网的特点提出了一种分层控制方法,通过弱通信通道来实现上层对下层的控制,该控制方法兼有分散控制和集中控制的特点,可以提高微网的智能性和灵活性。提出的分层控制主要包括三层:基于下垂控制理论的初级控制,对初级控制产生的偏差进行调节恢复的次级控制和负责管理微网与外部配电系统之间联接的三级控制。通过对某个微网系统的分层控制实验,验证了分层控制方法能较好地实现对微网的控制,证明了该方法的可行性。     

Maximum wind power generation in a power system imposed by system inertia and primary reserve requirements

Although the technology to simulate inertia or to provide primary control in wind power generators is mature, most of them are a source of power with neither inertia nor primary reserve provision mainly because it means wind spilling. Therefore, an increasing wind power penetration means a reduction in the inertia of the system and of the primary reserve due to the substitution of conventional generation. In this paper, the maximum wind power penetration focusing on system inertia and primary reserve value is assessed. The Spanish power system is used as an example for the calculation of these values. For this purpose, real Spanish scenario data are used. Results will show that high penetrations of wind power can be achieved without risking adequate values of primary reserve or inertia of the power system even if wind power does not contribute to these items. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

福建电网水电厂一次调频试验剖析

针对当代电力系统中水轮机调速器已成为水轮机控制系统的控制核心,依据福建电网大量水电站一次调频试验结果,论述了水轮机调速器与电网负荷频率控制间的关系,分析了调速器在电网一次调频中的作用、静态与动态特性,提出了福建电网水电机组并网工况下调速器PID参数整定范围及机组功率控制模式.     

二次再热汽轮机组一次调频控制设计及应用

一次调频是汽轮机组控制系统快速响应回路的一个重要构成,是电网判定机组是否能安全、可靠运行的一个重要指标。文章对新型二次再热机组的一次调频功能的设计进行了较详细的介绍,并在现场进行了充分的试验,能为同类型机组一次调频功能的设计提供借鉴。     

Experimental evaluation of radiator control based on primary supply temperature for district heating substations

In this paper, we evaluate whether the primary supply temperature in district heating networks can be used to control radiator systems in buildings connected to district heating; with the purpose of increasing the ΔT. The primary supply temperature in district heating systems can mostly be described as a function of outdoor temperature; similarly, the radiator supply temperature in houses, offices and industries can also be described as a function of outdoor temperature. To calibrate the radiator control system to produce an ideally optimal radiator supply temperature that produces a maximized ΔT across the substation, the relationship between the primary supply temperature and outdoor temperature must be known. However, even if the relation is known there is always a deviation between the expected primary supply temperature and the actual temperature of the received distribution media. This deviation makes the radiator control system incapable of controlling the radiator supply temperature to a point that would generate a maximized ΔT.     

基于正交试验的孤立网调频参数优选

对孤立电网的稳定运行,已引起大家的关注。然而,目前国内外的汽轮发电机组控制系统,无论采用液压调节系统或数字电液控制系统,对于转速和频率的控制均限于一次调频,而一次调频仅能满足大电网调频的需要,并不能满足机组事故工况下陷于孤立网稳定运行的需要。新华公司在其现有DEH系统中增加功率一负荷不平衡判断、增加二次调频、快减给定等功能,实现“小岛运行”的控制思想,提出以正交试验法对调频参数进行优选。     

A new control strategy for a higher order proton exchange membrane fuel cell system

In this paper, a new cascade control strategy is proposed for a higher order Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) Fuel Cell system for improving the performance on the basis of stack voltage. In the proposed strategy, stack voltage is considered as the primary objective and maintaining oxygen excess ratio value as a secondary aim, by manipulating the air compressor voltage. A higher-order PEMFC model is reduced to lower order integer and fractional models using varied model reduction techniques, which are then used to realize the primary as well as secondary controllers. Both integer and fractional order PID controllers are designed for the reduced order models and then implemented for the higher order system. The control performance is evaluated for disturbance rejection, system model mismatch and better controlled output for continuous random disturbance on the basis of Integral Absolute Error and controller effort. The outcome of the proposed control strategy is advantageous in terms of disturbance rejection, robustness, parameter uncertainty and reduction of plant-model mismatch.     

适应电网侧AGC不同控制模式的光伏发电参与电网频率调节

大规模光伏发电并网致使电力系统面临惯量减小与调频能力不足。文章在备用一定有功功率的基础上,提出有功功率-频率下垂控制策略,通过修正逆变器的原有控制结构,实现光伏发电主动参与电网频率一次调节。考虑一次频率调节偏移与越界等问题,提出自适应电网侧AGC不同控制模式(定频率控制模式、定联络线功率控制模式以及联络线功率频率偏差控制模式)的二次频率调节控制策略,进而实现频率的无差调节。最后,基于PSCAD/EMTDC仿真平台验证了控制策略的有效性与可行性。     

Review of contribution to frequency control through variable speed wind turbine

The increasing wind penetration in today’s power grids has led to growing interest in the frequency control capabilities of wind generation. Several publications have proposed a variety of methods both on the levels of a single turbine and of a wind farm. This paper focuses on the role of wind generation in a system’s primary frequency control. Wind turbine control methods that enable frequency support and control are presented. The advantages and disadvantages of each method are discussed.