一种含杂环双季铵盐的合成及杀菌缓蚀性能研究

以环氧氯丙烷、N-甲基吗啉和十二胺为原料,先后分两步反应,反应温度控制在40℃和80℃,反应时间为10 h和3 h,合成标题化合物,并对其杀菌缓蚀性能进行了研究。结果表明,所合成的双季铵盐在杀菌时间为8~12 h、投加浓度为70~100 mg/L时,杀菌率达90%以上,杀菌性能优于传统杀菌剂十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵(1227);具有对碳钢良好的缓蚀效果,缓蚀率达80%左右。     

一种水处理用聚合胍杀菌剂的制备及评价

以盐酸胍、十二烷基二甲基叔胺、二乙烯三胺为原料,制备了聚合胍杀菌剂OG-23。杀菌性能及粘泥剥离性能评价显示,OG-23在投加量为40 mg/L时,对TGB、SRB、FB的杀菌率达99.999%;在投加量为50 mg/L时,粘泥剥离率为81.45%。OG-23杀菌及粘泥剥离效果明显优于1227及双季铵盐等常规杀菌剂。     

双季铵盐对海水中异养菌的杀菌性能及构效关系

研究了m-s-m系列双季铵盐杀菌剂对海水中异养菌的杀菌性能及构效关系。结果显示,双季铵盐杀菌剂的杀菌性能明显优于对照单季铵盐十二烷基三甲基溴化铵和十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵,达到相同杀菌效果,双季铵盐用量仅为单季铵盐的1/20~1/10。双季铵盐的杀菌性能与烷烃链长和连接基团长度均有一定相关性。     

新型双季铵盐杀菌剂的合成及杀菌性能研究

季铵盐类杀菌剂是目前最常用的杀菌剂之一,常用于工业循环冷却水及油田水处理。以十二烷基二甲基叔胺、1,3-二氯丙烷为原料,合成了一种新型双季铵盐杀菌剂TA-08,并探讨了其杀菌性能。结果表明,在投加浓度为50mg/L时,TA-08的杀菌率达99.99%,明显优于1227及异噻唑啉酮等常规杀菌剂。     

一种有机硫杀菌剂的合成及性能评价

以对二氯苄、十二烷基二甲基叔胺、硫氰酸钠为原料,在100℃时恒温反应4 h,制备了一种含硫杀菌灭藻剂TBDA,对其杀菌性能及灭藻性能进行评价。结果表明,对于油田回注水系统,当TBDA的投加量为50mg/L时,对TGB、SRB的杀菌率达100%;对于工业循环冷却水系统,当TBDA的投加量为100 mg/L时,灭藻率为99.99%。TBDA的杀菌及灭藻效果明显优于1227及双季铵盐等常规杀菌剂。     

渤海P油田注水杀菌剂筛选与应用

针对渤海P油田注水细菌滋生情况,采用细菌绝迹稀释法考察了不同类型的杀菌剂的杀菌效果,室内试验表明,季磷盐与双季铵盐类杀菌剂均优于现场在用杀菌剂,当加注浓度为20 mg/L时,双季铵盐类杀菌剂可以将现场注水中的SRB,TGB及FB控制在油田标准以下,效果良好。     

双季铵盐杀菌剂的合成及其杀菌性能研究

利用自制的双卤代醚与长链叔胺,合成了双季铵盐杀菌剂,并对其结构进行了红外表征,评价了其杀菌效果,并与12 2 7进行了杀菌性能的对比。实验结果表明:双季铵盐对SRB具有良好的杀菌性能,而且杀菌能力也明显优于12 2 7,在菌量较高的情况下(1.5×10 8个·mL-1)杀菌浓度仅为5 0mg·L-1,就能10 0 %杀死SRB ,是一种很有应用前景的新型杀菌剂。     

季铵盐型双子表面活性剂的合成和性能

以烷基二甲基叔胺R(CH32N(R为C12H25、C14H29和C16H33)、盐酸、环氧氯丙烷为原料合成了系列季铵盐型双子表面活性剂GnCl2(n=12,14,16),样品经核磁共振及元素分析证实其结构.研究了其水溶液的表面活性、泡沫性能和杀菌性能.结果表明,所合成的双子阳离子表面活性剂具有较高的表面活性,烷基链越长,临界胶束浓度越小;不同链长的GnCl2体系中,G12Cl2溶液的起泡和稳泡效能最高,起泡和稳泡效率最低;通过纸片扩散法测定其杀菌性能表明,双季铵盐型表面活性剂具有优良的杀菌能力.     

EGCG-Cu对水中大肠杆菌的杀灭性能研究

采用水热法由EGCG和硫酸铜溶液制备EGCG-Cu络合物,研究其对水中大肠杆菌的杀灭性能。结果表明,EGCG-Cu的杀菌性能优于EGCG,为达到相同的杀菌效果,EGCG-Cu的投加量远低于EGCG;EGCG-Cu杀菌性能随浓度增加而增强,EGCG-Cu投加浓度50 mg/L时,大肠杆菌的生长受到严重抑制,对数生长阶段几乎消失;EGCG-Cu浓度越高,接触时间越长,各时刻大肠杆菌溶液中蛋白质的含量越高;EGCG和EGCG-Cu不会影响大肠杆菌基因组的降解,EGCG-Cu消毒机理主要体现在对大肠杆菌细胞膜的破坏,而不是直接作用在其基因组。     

双季铵盐类化合物的研究现状及合成进展

双季铵盐类化合物是一类具有较强杀菌活性的杀菌剂,属于Gemini表面活性剂中的一种.目前国内外对双季铵盐类化合物的结构、性质及合成已经取得很大的进展.本文简略介绍了此类化合物的结构和杀菌性能,详细阐述了其目前的研究状况和合成方法.     

固载二氧化氯的杀菌特性及其应用研究

以自行设计的C lO2释放量测定装置,测定了固载C lO2在不同空间中的释放量,以自然落菌法、稀释平板倾注法确定C lO2气体杀菌率,考察了固载二氧化氯释放时间、气体浓度与杀菌率间的关系和固载C lO2对多个菌种的杀菌效果。研究表明:对大肠杆菌,C lO2气体浓度仅需0.31~0.36 mg/m3,杀菌1 h,杀菌率可达到99.55%;当C lO2气体浓度在1.64~1.78 mg/m3内,欲达到100%的杀菌率,霉菌所需有效作用时间小于2 h;而枯草芽孢杆菌要达到4.5 h以上。在有效空间内,C lO2气体杀菌的浓度控制在100~1500μg/m3之间有较好杀菌效果。     

敌力脱拌种防治小麦条锈病效果的观察

室内研究表明,敌力脱拌种防治小麦条锈病效果好,具有用药量少和内吸性能好等优点。０．０２％剂量拌种防效为９８．８７％,在０．０１水平上与粉锈宁防效无显著差异的最低拌种剂量为０．０１％,拌种后的种子在室内存放４０天仍有很高的防病效果,此药剂的开发与应用必将对缓解防锈药剂严重单一的局面,延缓抗药性的产生及提高化学防治水平有积极影响。     

影响戊二醛杀菌性能因素的研究

戊二醛杀菌性能影响因素实验研究与分析的结果表明：影响戊二醛杀菌作用的主要因素不是它的使用浓度，而且应用体系的ＰＨ值，离子浓度、温度以及杀菌时间，同时找出了戊二醛菌的最佳条件：ＰＨ为１１、时间为８ｈ、金属离子浓度为４００ｍｇ／Ｌ、温度为３０８Ｋ戊二醛浓度为２５ｍｇ／Ｌ。     

不同载体银系抗菌剂的制备及其抗菌性能研究

以硝酸银为原料,选用磷酸钙、4A．沸石、人造沸石和二氧化硅为载体,采用离子交换法制备了银／载体复合抗菌剂,测试不同载体银系抗菌剂抗菌性能从而选定4A沸石为理想载体,并考察研究了离子交换液的浓度、温度对制备的银／4A沸石复合抗茵剂的抗菌性能的影响。     

Bactericidal Action of Smooth and Plasma Micro-Nanotextured Polymeric Surfaces with Varying Wettability,Enhanced by Incorporation of a Biocidal Agent

The use of antibacterial surfaces is an effective way to reduce exposure to pathogens and therefore infections. Several methods to fabricate antibacterial surfaces using surface modification methods as well as a bactericidal agent incorporation inside materials have been reported. However, in most cases the factors affecting the antibacterial behavior of a surface are not discussed in detail. Here, a comparative study on the antibacterial properties of surfaces with different characteristics against Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli) under dynamic conditions is presented, aiming to unravel the interplay among the most important factors when realizing an antibacterial surface, that is, surface morphology, wetting properties, and the use of a bactericidal agent. Significant bactericidal efficacy for the micro-nanotextured, superhydrophilic surfaces is demonstrated, possibly due to a mechanical killing induced by the interaction of bacteria with the micro-nanotopography. On the other hand, superhydrophobic surfaces without any bactericidal agent exhibit low interaction with the bacteria containing medium and therefore lower bactericidal action, whereas superhydrophobic surfaces with a bactericidal agent exhibit extreme non-wetting properties and rapid bactericidal effect through release of Cu particles. Finally, the role of the hydrophobic coating as barrier against uncontrolled release of the bactericidal agent when deposited as top layer is also showcased.     

The Effect of Long-Term Storage on the Physiochemical and Bactericidal Properties of Electrochemically Activated Solutions

Electrochemically activated solutions (ECAS) are generated by electrolysis of NaCl solutions, and demonstrate broad spectrum antimicrobial activity and high environmental compatibility. The biocidal efficacy of ECAS at the point of production is widely reported in the literature, as are its credentials as a “green biocide.” Acidic ECAS are considered most effective as biocides at the point of production and ill suited for extended storage. Acidic ECAS samples were stored at 4 °C and 20 °C in glass and polystyrene containers for 398 days, and tested for free chlorine, pH, ORP and bactericidal activity throughout. ORP and free chlorine (mg/L) in stored ECAS declined over time, declining at the fastest rate when stored at 20 °C in polystyrene and at the slowest rate when stored at 4 °C in glass. Bactericidal efficacy was also affected by storage and ECAS failed to produce a 5 log₁₀ reduction on five occasions when stored at 20 °C. pH remained stable throughout the storage period. This study represents the longest storage evaluation of the physiochemical parameters and bactericidal efficacy of acidic ECAS within the published literature and reveals that acidic ECAS retain useful bactericidal activity for in excess of 12 months, widening potential applications.     

Optimization and Evaluation of a Chitosan/Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose Hydrogel Containing Toluidine Blue O for Antimicrobial Photodynamic Inactivation

Photodynamic inactivation (PDI) combined with chitosan has been shown as a promising antimicrobial approach. The purpose of this study was to develop a chitosan hydrogel containing hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), chitosan and toluidine blue O (TBO) to improve the bactericidal efficacy for topical application in clinics. The PDI efficacy of hydrogel was examined in vitro against the biofilms of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa). Confocal scanning laser microscopy (CSLM) was performed to investigate the penetration level of TBO into viable S. aureus biofilms. Incorporation of HMPC could increase the physicochemical properties of chitosan hydrogel including the hardness, viscosity as well as bioadhesion; however, higher HMPC concentration also resulted in reduced antimicrobial effect. CSLM analysis further demonstrated that higher HPMC concentration constrained TBO diffusion into the biofilm. The incubation of biofilm and hydrogel was further performed at an angle of 90 degrees. After light irradiation, compared to the mixture of TBO and chitosan, the hydrogel treated sample showed increased PDI efficacy indicated that incorporation of HPMC did improve antimicrobial effect. Finally, the bactericidal efficacy could be significantly augmented by prolonged retention of hydrogel in the biofilm as well as in the animal model of rat skin burn wounds after light irradiation.     

Antibacterial Activity of Poly(aniline-co-ethylaniline) against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa

This study describes the preparation of colloidal poly(aniline-co-ethylaniline) by chemical copolymerization. The product was characterized morphologically using scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscopy, chemically using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and optically ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy. The prepared polymer was then tested for the antibacterial properties against Gram-negative bacteria; Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Gram-positive bacteria; Staphylococcus aureus. The antibacterial properties were assessed by disk diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentration, minimum bactericidal concentrations, and bactericidal kinetic methods. It was found that the minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentrations values of poly(aniline-co-ethylaniline) against P. aeruginosa were 0.62 mg/ml and 1.25, respectively. The values of minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentrations for S. aureus were 0.62 mg/ml.     

吴茱萸柠檬苦素提取物的抑菌效果研究

采用稀释法研究了吴茱萸柠檬苦素提取物的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）和最低杀菌浓度（MBC）,并采用滤纸片法对吴茱萸柠檬苦素提取物和吴茱萸的醇提物的抑菌活性进行了对比研究。试验结果表明吴茱萸柠檬苦素提取物对藤黄微球菌、沙门氏菌、痢疾志贺氏菌、柠檬酸杆菌的抑菌效果及杀菌效果较好,其中吴茱萸柠檬苦素提取物的抑菌杀菌效果明显高于同浓...