己二酸/石墨烯复合储热材料的制备与性能研究

以石墨烯为导热增强相,己二酸(AA)为相变材料,采用真空熔融吸附的工艺制备出己二酸/石墨烯复合相变储热材料。通过FT-IR、DSC、热常数分析仪、TG、FE-SEM及热循环实验对制备的复合材料进行了结构和性能研究。结果表明:石墨烯能够有效吸附己二酸,两者之间化学相容性良好;当石墨烯的掺量6%时,制备的复合材料的相变潜热为241.2J/g,相变温度150.3℃,导热系数为2.04W/(m·K);300次循环后,复合材料具有较好的热稳定性。     

硬脂酸/膨胀石墨复合相变储热的动力学研究

采用真空吸附法制备硬脂酸(SA)/膨胀石墨(EG)复合相变储热材料,利用差示量热扫描法(DSC)研究SA及SA/EG复合材料的非等温熔化和结晶过程动力学。运用Kissinger和Ozawa两种动力学数据处理方法对样品的非等温熔化DSC曲线进行处理,应用Mo法分析各样品的非等温结晶动力学特性。结果表明:SA/EG复合材料具有储热密度大、导热系数高且相变过程中无液相物质泄漏的优点;EG多孔结构的物理吸附作用会阻碍SA分子链段的扩散,使其熔化过程中的表观活化能升高;但EG的异相成核和传热强化作用能促进SA的相变,有利于降低其过冷度,提高其相变速率。     

P(St-co-MAA)包覆十八烷复合相变材料微胶囊的制备与表征

以十八烷和硬脂酸丁酯为二元复合相变材料、苯乙烯和甲基丙烯酸的聚合物为壁材,通过分散聚合法制备了相变材料微胶囊,并通过SEM,DSC,TG和FTIR等手段对制备的微胶囊进行结构性能表征,并讨论了乳化剂种类及用量对相变微胶囊形貌的影响.结果表明:微胶囊呈球形、分散性好,且具有一定的耐热性能,熔融相变温度为21.6℃,发生熔融相变的温度范围为15.7~27.3℃,温度差为11.6℃,热焓值约为103 J/g.微胶囊经100次反复发生相变,质量损失仅为1.64%.与之前研究过的硬脂酸丁酯相变材料微胶囊相比,相变温度范围扩大了3.2℃,热焓值高出47.6 J/g,改善了单一相变材料的相变温度过窄的问题,且提高了热焓值,相变储热效果明显.     

膨润土/月桂酸/鳞片石墨定型储热材料的制备及性能

采用天然膨润土和月桂酸分别作为支撑基体和相变材料,通过真空浸渍法合成复合相变储热材料。结果表明,添加鳞片石墨不仅提高复合相变储热材料的导热特性,而且阻止相变材料从复合相变材料中泄露。制备的复合相变储热材料经历200次热循环实验后,仍具有较好的可靠性,具备在热能存储系统中应用的较大潜力。     

硬脂酸-月桂酸二元复合相变材料

以硬脂酸(SA)、月桂酸(LA)为原料,通过熔融共混法制备了二元脂肪酸相变材料。采用红外光谱(FTIR)、偏光显微镜(POM)、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)及温度记录仪分别表征了共混相变材料的结构、结晶形态、相变温度和焓值以及保温性能。FTIR表明共混相变材料中硬脂酸与月桂酸通过分子间作用力结合在一起;POM表明SA与LA在共混物中形成共晶结构,且随SA/LA质量配比的减小,结晶半径减小;DSC表明共混相变材料的结晶焓达到200J/g,随SA/LA质量配比的减小结晶温度先降低后升高,表现出低共熔物特征;步冷曲线表明,随SA/LA质量配比的减小,平台温度先降低后升高,且当SA/LA质量比为1/2时,温度平台为30.9℃,保温时间为25min,约为纯硬脂酸或月桂酸保温时间的2倍。     

石蜡@SnO_2-Al_2O_3微胶囊复合相变材料的合成及其热物性

通过原位化学沉积的方法制备了石蜡@SnO_2-Al_2O_3微胶囊复合相变材料,采用场发射扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、傅里叶红外光谱仪(FT-IR)以及X射线衍射仪(XRD)等方法测定分析了该复合相变材料的微观表面形貌、化学构成和晶体结构;采用差示扫描量热计(DSC)、热导率仪和热重分析仪(TGA)法测试分析了该复合材料的相变特性、热导率以及热稳定性等热物性。结果表明:原位化学沉积方法可成功制备石蜡@SnO_2-Al_2O_3微胶囊复合相变材料,且石蜡@SnO_2-Al_2O_3复合材料具有明显的核壳结构;石蜡@SnO_2-Al_2O_3微胶囊复合相变材料的相变潜热为85.14 J/g,该复合材料的热导率有明显提高,并在190℃以下表现出优异的热稳定性能。     

CaCl2·6H2O/EG复合相变材料的制备与性能研究

为了改善六水氯化钙的蓄放热性能,以六水氯化钙为相变材料（PCM）、膨胀石墨（EG）为载体、六水氯化锶为成核剂,采用物理吸附法制备六水氯化钙/膨胀石墨复合相变材料,研究复合相变材料的热物理特性. 采用步冷曲线法,研究复合相变材料的过冷度、蓄/放热性能和热循环稳定性;采用扫描电镜、差示扫描量热法、热流计导热仪,对复合相变材料的显微形貌、相变潜热、相变温度、比热容和导热系数进行测定. 结果表明：在六水氯化钙中添加质量分数为10%的膨胀石墨和质量分数为2%的六水氯化锶,复合相变材料的相变潜热为151.6 J/g,导热系数提升至3.328 W/(m·K),过冷度保持在2 °C以内. 相变材料的导热系数及过冷度得到显著改善.     

聚甲聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯/石蜡微胶囊的制备与性能基丙烯酸甲酯/石蜡微胶囊的制备与性能

采用悬浮聚合法制备以甲基丙烯酸甲酯为壁材,58#石蜡为芯材的相变微胶囊。考察了乳化剂和引发剂的质量分数以及芯壁比对微胶囊性能的影响,采用傅立叶红外光谱仪、场发射扫描电镜、差示扫描量热仪、热重分析等手段对微胶囊的化学结构、表观形貌、储热性能以及热稳定性等进行了表征。结果表明,乳化剂PVP和引发剂AIBN质量分数为7.0%、3.9%时,微胶囊的形貌最佳;芯壁比为3∶1制备的微胶囊呈规则球形、表面光滑、具有较高的相变焓,相变潜热为126.97 J/g,芯材石蜡质量分数为85.4%,储热性能和热稳定性好。     

聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯/石蜡微胶囊的制备与性能

采用悬浮聚合法制备以甲基丙烯酸甲酯为壁材,58~#石蜡为芯材的相变微胶囊。考察了乳化剂和引发剂的质量分数以及芯壁比对微胶囊性能的影响,采用傅立叶红外光谱仪、场发射扫描电镜、差示扫描量热仪、热重分析等手段对微胶囊的化学结构、表观形貌、储热性能以及热稳定性等进行了表征。结果表明,乳化剂PVP和引发剂AIBN质量分数为7.0%、3.9%时,微胶囊的形貌最佳;芯壁比为3∶1制备的微胶囊呈规则球形、表面光滑、具有较高的相变焓,相变潜热为126.97 J/g,芯材石蜡质量分数为85.4%,储热性能和热稳定性好。     

石蜡@TiO_2/CNTs复合相变材料制备及其热物性

采用界面聚合法合成石蜡@TiO_2/CNTs复合相变材料,通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、傅里叶红外光谱(FT-IR)和X射线衍射(XRD)分析了复合材料的微观形貌、化学组成和晶体结构;采用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、热重分析仪(TGA)及导热系数仪分析了复合材料的相变性能、热稳定性和热导率。结果表明:石蜡@TiO_2/CNTs复合材料由具有核-壳结构的石蜡@TiO_2微胶囊与碳纳米管(CNTs)复合而成,碳纳米管通过氢键吸附在微胶囊的表面;复合材料的熔点及凝固点比纯石蜡高,碳纳米管质量分数为1%的复合材料的相变潜热为59.57 J/g,且随着碳纳米管质量分数的增大而减小,复合材料在170℃以下具有良好的热稳定性,热导率显著提高。     

Characterization and thermal conductivity of modified graphite/fatty acid eutectic/PMMA form-stable phase change material

We prepared and characterized a form-stable composite phase change material (PCM) with higher thermal conductivity. Capric acid(CA)-myristic acid(MA) eutectic as core, poly-methyl methacrylate (PMMA) as supportive matrix and modified graphite (MG) powders serving as the thermal conductance improver were blended by bulk-polymerization method. The composite PCMs with different MG mass fraction (2%, 5%, 7%, 10% and 15%) were characterized by FT-IR, SEM, DSC technique and mechanical tests. Thermal conductivities of the composites were measured by transient hot-wire method. The results indicate that MG powders have been successfully inserted into the CA-MA/PMMA matrix without any chemical reaction with each other. The MG/CA-MA/PMMA composites maintain good thermal storage performance while the thermal conductivity has been enhanced significantly. The composite PCM added with 15 wt% MG powders increases approximately as 195.9% in thermal conductivity. Moreover, the thermal conductivity improvement of the composite PCMs is also verified by the melting-freezing experiment, which is profitable for the heat transfer efficiency in latent heat thermal energy storage system.     

棕榈酸/石蜡复合相变储能材料

将石蜡(PW)与棕榈酸(PA)熔融超声共混,制备出了一系列PA/PW复合材料。采用瞬态热丝法(SHW,Short-Hot-Wire)测量PA/PW复合材料的导热系数,用差示扫描量热仪(DSC,Differential Scanning Calorimetric)分析复合材料的相变温度(T)和相变潜热(L),采用红外光谱仪(FTIR,Fourier Transform Infrared)对复合物的组成进行表征。复合材料的红外吸收光谱图表明,PW和PA只是简单的物理混合,未生成新物质。复合相变材料的导热系数大致随温度的升高而降低,而在30和50℃左右时由于固-固和固-液相变的作用,导热系数测量值出现了一定程度的升高。复合材料的Ts-s(固-固相变温度)都比PW的略高;与纯PW相比,除PA的质量分数w=35%之外,其他比例复合材料的Ts-l(固-液相变温度)都较纯PW的低;除w=35%的Ls-l(固-液相变潜热)比纯PW的低之外,其他比例复合材料的Ls-l都比纯PW的Ls-l高。     

A new kind of shape-stabilized phase change materials

Based on the lowest melting point and Schroeder’s theoretical calculation formula,nano- modified organic composite phase change materials(PCMs)were prepared.The phase transition temperature and the latent heat of the materials were 24℃and 172 J/g,respectively.A new shape-stabilized phase change materials were prepared,using high density polyethylene as supporting material.The PCM kept the shape when temperature was higher than melting point.Thus,it can directly contact with heat transfer media.The structure,morphology and thermal behavior of PCM were analyzed by FTIR,SEM and DSC.     

原位反应烧结制备熔盐/尖晶石复合高温相变储能材料的研究

以电熔镁砂和白刚玉为镁铝尖晶石陶瓷基体原料,以氯化钾、氟化钾复合盐为相变材料,用原位反应烧结法制备熔盐/尖晶石复合高温相变储能材料,研究烧结温度、熔盐含量对熔盐/尖晶石相变储能材料性能的影响。采用XRD和SEM对材料进行表征,通过DSC分析测定材料相变潜热,结果表明,烧结温度为1 000℃和熔盐含量为40%时,所制备的储能材料的相变潜热为70.98 kJ/kg,蓄热密度为240 kJ/kg（ΔT=100℃）,储热性能较好。     

Preparation and Properties of Paraffin/PMMA Shape-stabilized Phase Change Material for Building Thermal Energy Storage

The composite phase change material(PCM) consisting of phase change paraffin(PCP) and polymethyl methacrylate(PMMA) was prepared as a novel type of shape-stabilized PCM for building energy conservation through the method of bulk polymerization. The chemical structure, morphology, phase change temperature and enthalpy, and mechanical properties of the composite PCM were studied to evaluate the encapsulation effect of PMMA on PCP and determine the optimal composition proportion. FTIR and SEM results revealed that PCP was physically immobilized in the PMMA so that its leakage from the composite was prevented. Based on the thermo-physical and mechanical properties investigations, the optimal mass fraction of PCP in the composite was determined as 70%. The phase change temperature of the composite was close to that of PCP, and its latent heat was equivalent to the calculated value according to the mass fraction of PCP in the composite. For estimating the usability in practical engineering, thermal stability, reliability and temperature regulation performance of the composite were also researched by TG analysis, thermal cycling treatments and heating-cooling test. The results indicated that PCP/PMMA composite PCM behaved good thermal stability depending on the PMMA protection and its latent heat degraded little after 500 thermal cycling. Temperature regulation performance of the composite before and after thermal cycling was both noticeable due to its latent heat absorption and release in the temperature variation processes. The PCP/PMMA phase change plate was fabricated and applied as thermal insulator in miniature concrete box to estimate its temperature regulation effect under the simulated environmental condition. It can be concluded that this kind of PCP/PMMA shape-stabilized PCM with the advantages of no leakage, suitable phase change temperature and enthalpy, good thermal stability and reliability, and effective temperature regulation performance have much potential for thermal energy storage in building energy conservation.     

Microstructure and Characterization of Capric-stearic Acid/Modified Expanded Vermiculite Thermal Storage Composites

In order to improve the thermal storage capacity of expanded vermiculite(EV) based formstable composite PCM(FS-PCM) via organic modification of EV, first, EV was modified with a sodium stearate(Na St) as surface modifier, and organic EV(OEV) with hydrophobicity and higher adsorption capacity for fatty acid was obtained. A novel capric-stearic acid eutectic(CA-SA)/OEV FS-PCM with high thermal storage capacity was then developed. OEV and CA-SA/OEV were characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM), X-ray diffraction(XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry(DSC), thermal gravimetry(TG), and thermal cycling test. Results showed that OEV has obvious hydrophobicity and a higher adsorption capacity for fatty acid. Its adsorption ratio has increased by 48.71% compared with that of EV. CA-SA/OEV possesses high thermal storage density(112.52 J/g), suitable melting temperature(20.49 ℃), good chemical compatibility, excellent thermal stability and reliability, indicating great application potential for building energy efficiency. Moreover, organic modification of inorganic matrix may offer novel options for improving its adsorption capacity for organic PCMs and increasing heat storage capacity of corresponding FS-PCMs.     

Multiple structure graphite stabilized stearic acid as composite phase change materials for thermal energy storageOA

This paper used 3 types of graphite with different physical structures as the porous matrix to prepare composite phase change materials(PCMs), and investigated their photo-thermal conversion performance and application in battery thermal management. Multiple structure graphite minerals, including microcrystalline graphite(MG), scale graphite(SG), and expanded graphite(EG) were used as porous matrix,while stearic acid(SA) acts as the phase change material. The vacuum impregnation method was appli...     

Al-34%Mg-6%Zn和Al-28%Mg-14%Zn合金的热分析研究

利用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)和H-90型膨胀仪,对潜热储能材料A l-34%Mg-6%Zn和A l-28%Mg-14%Zn合金的热物性参数进行了测定,如固、液态时的比热容,30~500℃间的质量密度,熔化温度和熔化潜热等.测试结果表明,两种合金的熔化温度和熔化潜热分别为454℃、447℃和314.4 kJ/kg、303.2 kJ/kg.从室温加热到熔化温度时,两种合金的密度分别减少1.05%和1.09%.在相变之前,两种合金的比热容随温度的升高而增大,在445℃时,分别为1 368.5 J.kg-1.k-1、1 203.6 J.kg-1.K-1.在相变过程中,由于熔化潜热的原因,合金的比热容变化很大.从理论计算值的比较和误差分析来看,上述热物性参数的测试结果是可信的.本文还对合金组元和相对热物性参数的影响进行了讨论.