一种厚膜混合集成结构的温度控制电路

为了实现小体积、高可靠性的温度控制,设计了一种厚膜混合集成的温度控制电路,它通过控制热电致冷器（TEC）电流的方向和大小,将激光器管芯的温度控制在一个恒定的值上,实现了稳定激光器波长、控制波长精度、提高光纤陀螺的精确度和稳定度的目的。电路采用厚膜工艺制造,全裸芯片和表面贴装元件组装,缩小了体积,提高了可靠性。经实际应用,该电路不仅安全可靠地实现了温度控制功能,而且能在恶劣的使用环境下安全工作,适合军、民两用;     

基于ARM半导体激光器的驱动设计及测试

在半导体激光器的使用过程中,驱动电路直接影响着激光器的稳定性。对此文中提出了一种高效、稳定,宽功率输出范围的设计方案,采用采样电阻和恒流电路实现稳定的闭环控制,得到恒定的驱动电流;利用热敏电阻温度特性,温度控制电路结合单片机控制系统,实现温度的闭环控制,从而实现了稳定的温度控制要求;结合恒温,恒流控制以及单片机系统,设计功率闭环控制方案。实验结果表明,不同温度下,功率计测得功率与驱动电流成良好的线性关系,且功率范围宽、电路可靠工作时间长、激光器单色性稳定、系统稳定性好。     

基于PID算法的激光器恒温控制系统的设计

为了提高分布式反馈(DFB)激光器发光波长的控制精度,利用半导体热电制冷器设计了一款用于气体检测的DFB激光器精密温度控制系统.该系统主要包括数字信号处理电路、前向TEC驱动电路和后向温度采集电路构成.采用闭环比例-积分-微分(PID)控制算法,提高系统的控制精度、缩短系统的响应时间.通过使用温度控制系统向中心波长为1600nm的NLK1L5GAAA型可调谐DFB激光器进行了温度控制测试实验.实验数据证实,本装置的温度控制精度为±0.05℃,温度控制范围为5℃至60℃,超调量小于16％,温度恒定时间小于50s.检测水汽连续工作24小时激光器中心波长未发生明显漂移,表明该系统具有良好的稳定性,为DFB激光器在红外气体检测领域的应用提供了性能保障.     

用于气体浓度检测的VCSELs温度控制电路设计

在利用可调谐半导体激光器吸收光谱（TDLAS）技术对气体浓度进行检测时,检测系统对激光器的温度稳定性要求较高。提出了一种基于max1978的VCSEL激光器自动温度控制（ATC）方案,建立了热电制冷器（TEC）的数学模型,对TEC的热惯性进行了测试,以热惯性测试结果为基础对比例积分微分控制（PID）电路参数进行了整定,设计出了具有较高控制性能的温度控制电路。电路采用闭环负反馈自动控制方案,采用PID电路产生控制信号,驱动TEC,实现了对VCSEL激光器工作温度的有效控制。实验测试结果表明,电路的温度控制精度达到+0.03℃,较好地实现了激光器工作温度稳定性的控制。     

半导体激光器驱动电路及温控系统设计

半导体激光器(LD)应用越来越广泛,但是激光器对工作环境要求非常苛刻,为保证激光器正常工作,设计了激光器驱动电路及温控系统,通过电流负反馈设计高稳定性的恒流源电路,实现了 0.5％的高稳定度电流输出, 延时电路实现电路延时500ｍｓ启动,有效防止电流浪涌可能对激光器产生的危害,利用继电器设计出保护电路?实现电路过流保护,基于 MAX1978设计的温度控制系统可以实现高精度的温度控制,并可达到温控范围连续可调,温度波动范围低于 0.08℃。     

半导体拉曼激光器驱动设计及试验

在拉曼光谱仪中,激光驱动电路直接影响半导体拉曼激光器的稳定性,从而影响拉曼检测效果。提出了一种高稳定性、功率大范围可调的激光驱动电路,利用采样电阻和电流驱动电路形成闭环控制,保持电流恒定,利用热敏电阻和温度控制电路形成闭环控制,保持温度恒定,利用光电二极管和整个恒流控制电路形成闭环控制,保持输出功率稳定,同时该驱动电路可利用单片机数模转换实现电流和温度的精确调整。对Santur公司的785纳米半导体激光器进行测试,验证了驱动电流可大范围调控。设置温度30摄氏度,激光功率300毫瓦,连续三个小时观察功率变化在±1.5毫瓦之内,表明该驱动电路可以稳定地为拉曼光谱仪提供支持。     

基于FPGA的半导体激光器驱动电源的研制

半导体激光器驱动电源的性能是影响其工作特性的重要因素,提高LD驱动电源性能的研究具有重要的意义。提出了一种新型的基于FPGA技术的半导体激光器驱动电源设计方案,以FPGA为控制核心,LD驱动电源的AD/DA转换、温度PID控制、恒定电流驱动、LD保护及人机交互等功能模块电路均在FPGA的控制下协调工作。设计并实现了基于FPGA的LD温度控制与电流驱动电路,测试结果表明当LD的工作温度在20-30℃时,其工作温度稳定度优于±0.03℃,驱动电流的恒定度达到±0.1％。     

可调谐激光器波长控制

文章介绍了可调谐激光器的波长调节及稳定控制的设计方法,并通过试验验证了其可行性.该设计由温度控制、偏置电流控制及锁波电路3部分组成,温度控制粗调波长,偏置电流控制微调波长,而锁波电路主要是针对外界温度发生变化时提供反馈.它适用于温度控制型分布反馈式 (DFB)可调谐激光器的外围电路设计.     

编读之窗

问:关于半导体激光器的自动温度控制实用化电路(单向或双向控制):在本部分电路的调试中,如何做到将激光器组件的内部温度稳定在25℃?温度误差如何精确控制?(济南历泰信息科技公司 丁炜)北京邮电大学光通信中心 顾畹仪教授答:半导体激光器的自动温度控制电路(ATC)的框图如图1所示。激光器的芯片通过热沉保持与致冷器良好的热传导,致冷器的工作原理是半导体热电偶的珀尔帖效应。激光器组件中的热敏电阻具有负温度系数,用来监测激光器PN结区的温度。要实现精确的温度控制,需要注意以下几点:?热敏电阻能精确的反映激光器结区的温度。这与激光…     

一种小型化半导体激光器温控电路的设计

为了满足激光器小型化的需求，设计了一种小尺寸的半导体激光器温度控制电路。电路采用内置半桥的DC-DC转换芯片SY8368AQQC作为半导体制冷器的驱动，采用STM32F302K8U6作为主控芯片，内置PID算法。最终实现了电路的小型化，尺寸可以做到30 mm×30 mm,同时也能达到理想的控制效果。实验结果表明，该电路的温度控制精度可以到±0.1℃。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks     

Call for Papers—Feature Topic,Vol.12,No.7,2015

正Information Centric Networking Information-Centric Networking(ICN) is an emerging direction in Future Internet architecture research,gaining significant tractions among academia and industry.Aiming to replace the conventional host-to-host communication model by a data-centric model,ICN treats data content as the first