相干光OFDM系统中的相位估计分析

相干光正交频分复用(Coherent Optical Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing,简称CO-OFDM)可有效降低光纤色散和偏振模色散影响,由于系统采用相干检测,对相位噪声的分析及信道估计尤为重要.文章对CO-OFDM系统数学模型进行了具体分析;OFDM作为一种特...     

基于相位噪声分析补偿的CO-OFDM系统信道估计研究

针对相干光正交频分复用(CO-OFDM)系统中 光纤的色散、信道噪声以及激光器 相位噪声对系统可靠性的降低,提出了相位噪声分析补偿(APNC,analysis of phase noise compensation)的信道估计算法。APNC算法以最小二乘(LS)算法为基础,先通过信道冲激响 应加窗(IRW)算法,将信道冲激响应长度以外的噪声滤除,保证了信道冲激响应长度在 OFDM保护间隔之内;再通过CO-OFDM系统相位噪声模型的分析,对信道冲激响应长度 以内的相位噪声进行补偿,进一步提高信道估计的准确性。仿真结果表明,在256个子载波 的CO-OFDM系统中,APNC算法的复乘次数在IRW算法的基础上仅提高0.125倍,在误 码率(BER)为10－4时,APNC 算法对系统光信噪比(OSNR)的要求比IRW算法低了将近0.5dB。     

基于DFT的信道估计算法在CO-OFDM系统中研究

信道估计作为相干光OFDM(CO-OFDM)系统的一种 关键技术对系统的性能有着十分重要的影响, 光纤通信系统通过信道估计,可以将信号经过光纤传输后的影响,如损耗、色散、非线性等 ,通过在发送 端发送已知数据,在接收端利用均衡等恢复出原始信号。本文首先介绍了相干光OFDM系统, 并使用 optisystem和matlab软件搭建了相干光OFDM系统仿真平台,提出了适用于相干光OFDM系统 的基于DFT 算法及其进一步的改进算法,并在此平台上进行了仿真试验。结果表明,基于DFT算法及其 改进算法能够 很好地提高相干光OFDM系统的传输性能,改进的DFT算法与DFT算法在BER的值 为10－4的条件下,有1dB的光信噪比增益;与LS算法比较, 有3dB的光信噪比增益。     

CO-OFDM系统中融合迫零与自消除算法的新颖相位噪声补偿算法

针对激光器的相位噪声会严重影响相干光正交频分复用(CO-OFDM)系统的性能问题,提出了一种将迫零算法与自消除算法相结合的新颖相位噪声补偿算法。该算法利用导频信息,通过迫零算法将每个OFDM符号的相位噪声补偿到较小的范围内,再通过自消除算法进一步补偿相位噪声。仿真结果表明,与迫零算法相比,该补偿算法不但能有效补偿相位噪声,也能补偿部分加性高斯白噪声,改善系统的误码性能,降低系统对激光器线宽的要求。     

16QAM相干光检测OFDM系统性能研究

利用Optisystem软件结合Matlab,搭建相干检测光正交频分复用(Coherent Optical Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing)系统仿真平台.通过加入训练序列学习出不同频率信号的相位噪声规律并进行补偿,结合传输距离、光源线宽,研究了基于16QAM调制的相干光检测OFDM系统的传输性能.结果表明,16QAM调制下的相干光检测OFDM系统做简单的基于训练的信道估计与均衡处理下,系统误码性能提高了近两个数量级.预示了在高速长距离光纤通信中相干光检测OFDM系统的良好前景.     

CO-OFDM系统中相位噪声和频偏的联合补偿

激光器频偏和相位噪声是限制CO-OFDM(相干光正交频分复用)系统性能的重要因素。文章提出了CO-OFDM系统中基于差分预编码和MCDD(多载波差分检测)算法的激光器相位噪声和频偏联合补偿方案。对CO-OFDM系统中的频偏和激光器相位噪声作用机理和基于MCDD的补偿方案机制进行了理论推导,并在不同的光信噪比、激光器频偏和线宽条件下进行了系统仿真。仿真结果表明,基于差分预编码和MCDD的联合补偿方法对CO-OFDM系统中的激光器频偏和相位噪声有较好的补偿效果和较大的补偿范围,在不引入系统开销的同时,可有效改善CO-OFDM系统性能。     

一种采用光学相位分集接收技术的相干光正交频分复用远端接入系统

提出了一种采用基于光学相位分集接收技术实现远程相干光正交频分复用(CO-OFDM)信号的远程光接入方案,并进行了理论研究和仿真验证。在本方案中,没有使用色散补偿光纤(DCF)或者色散补偿模块(DCM)补偿光纤信道色散导致的负面效应,原因是CO-OFDM信号能有效抵抗传输过程中色度色散(CD)和偏振模色散(PMD)引起的负面效应。仿真结果表明,10Gbit/s CO-OOFDM信号在标准单模光纤(SMF-28)传输320km后,采用相位估计技术得到的OFDM电信号,其时域波形的相位抖动幅度更小;与采用光载波自提取技术接收相位调制COOFDM的方案进行比较,测试误差向量幅度(EVM)的结果表明,本文方案可以获得更好的COOFDM信号接收性能,星座图中星座点收敛更加紧凑,接收的CO-OFDM信号质量更高。     

相干光OFDM系统中MMSE信道估计研究

信道估计作为相干光正交频分复用(CO-OFDM)的 一种关键技术对系统的性能有着十分重要的影响。本文重点对系统信道估计的实现进行了数 学 分析,搭建起了CO-OFDM系统仿真平台,并在此平台上将提出的最小均方误差(MMSE)及其改进算法应用到CO- OFDM系统中进行信道估计。结果表明,MMSE及其改进算法能够很 好地提高CO-OFDM 系统的传输性能,在误码率(BER)为10－3时,与最小 二乘(LS)算法相比有约2dB的光信噪比(OSNR)增益,且改进型MMSE算 法的复杂度要比MMSE算法低2个数量级。     

CO-OFDM系统中一种新颖相位噪声抑制算法

针对相干光正交频分复用(CO-OFDM)系统中相位噪声造成的严重影响,提出了一种采用线性插值和卡尔曼滤波相结合的相位噪声抑制算法.该算法在第一阶中对接收端的时域信号进行线性组合,之后利用线性插值算法对相位噪声进行初步抑制,在第二阶中采用卡尔曼滤波技术来抑制残余的相位噪声.分析和仿真表明:提出的二阶算法能够有效地抑制相位噪声对OFDM符号的影响,在相位噪声线宽较大时明显地降低错误平层,利用所提出的二阶算法可使误码率达到10-7以下,有效地提高了系统的性能.     

CO-OFDM系统中基于卡尔曼滤波对相位噪声补偿算法的研究

基于卡尔曼滤波提出了两种相干光正交频分复用(CO-OFDM)系统的相位噪声补偿算法,这两种算法在发射端的时域均插入导频,并在接收端对导频进行卡尔曼滤波,最后利用插值算法补全全部子载波的相位噪声.仿真结果表明,基于最小均方误差(MMSE)准则的判决反馈算法在相位噪声比率为10-1时,系统误码率约为10-4,并且出现了错误平层,而基于卡尔曼滤波所提出的两种相位噪声算法在大相位噪声的情况下仍然具有较好性能且能有效地降低错误平层,因而所提出的相位噪声补偿算法能改善CO-OFDM系统的性能.     

Maximum-Likelihood Phase and Channel Estimation for Coherent Optical OFDM

We present a channel model for a coherent optical orthogonal frequency-division-multiplexed (CO-OFDM) system including linear fiber dispersion effects and noises from optical amplifiers and intercarrier interference induced by laser phase noise. Based upon this model, we derive maximum-likelihood (ML) phase estimation and channel estimation for the CO-OFDM system. Both computer simulation and transmission experiment of the CO-OFDM system show that the ML decision-feedback following pilot-assisted phase estimation gives the optimal performance.     

Coherent Optical 25.8-Gb/s OFDM Transmission Over 4160-km SSMF

We discuss coherent optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (CO-OFDM) as a suitable modulation technique for long-haul transmission systems. Several design and implementation aspects of a CO-OFDM system are reviewed, but we especially focus on phase noise compensation. As conventional CO-OFDM transmission systems are very sensitive to laser phase noise a novel method to compensate for phase noise is introduced. With the help of this phase noise compensation method we show continuously detectable OFDM transmission at 25.8 Gb/s data rate (20 Gb/s after coding) over 4160-km SSMF without dispersion compensation.     

Data-aided linear fitting blind phase estimation method for coherent optical OFDM system

In this paper, a novel data-aided linear fitting-based (DALF-based) blind phase estimation method for coherent optical orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (CO-OFDM) is proposed. Similar to our previous work done in the pilot-based blind phase estimation method, the pilot subcarriers are used to transmit unknown amplitude modulation signals in order to improve spectral efficiency. But the so-called pilot subcarriers can be reduced to only two in the DALF-based method, while the conventional pilot-aided-based (PA-based) method requires almost four real pilot subcarriers. A performance comparison of the conventional PA-based and DALF-based phase estimation methods has been demonstrated through a 16-QAM CO-OFDM simulation. The results show that the performance of the proposed DALF-based method is better than the conventional one with higher SE and has the potential in the large capacity CO-OFDM systems.     

Phase Estimation for Coherent Optical OFDM

Phase estimation is one of the enabling functionalities in coherent optical orthogonal frequency-division-multiplexing (CO-OFDM) receivers. In this letter, we compare pilot-aided and data-aided phase estimation methods for a CO-OFDM transmission experiment at 8 Gb/s over 1000-km standard single-mode fiber without optical dispersion compensation. We also show that as few as five subcarriers are sufficient for pilot-aided phase estimation     

Phase Noise Effects on High Spectral Efficiency Coherent Optical OFDM Transmission

There are three major advantages for coherent optical orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (CO-OFDM) transmission using digital signal processing. First, coherent detection is realized by digital phase estimation without the need for optical phase-locked loop. Second, OFDM modulation and demodulation are realized by the well-established computation-efficient fast Fourier transform (FFT) and inverse FFT. Third, adaptive data rates can be supported as different quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) constellations are software-defined, without any hardware change in transmitter and receiver. However, it is well-known that coherent detection, OFDM, and QAM are all susceptible to phase noise. In this paper, theoretical, numerical, and experimental investigations are carried out for phase noise effects on high spectral efficiency CO-OFDM transmission. A transmission model in the presence of phase noise is presented. By using simulation, the bit error rate floors from finite laser linewidth are presented for CO-OFDM systems with high-order QAM constellations. In the experiments, the phase noise effects from both laser linewidth and nonlinear fiber transmission are investigated. The fiber nonlinearity mitigation based on receiver digital signal processing is also discussed.     

基于冲激响应加窗法的CO-OFDM系统信道估计研究

针对相干光正交频分复用(CO-OFDM)系统中光纤的色散和信号传输过程中噪声对系统可靠性的降低,提出了信道的冲激响应加窗(IRM,impulse response processed with window)算法,在最小二乘(LS)算法的基础上,通过时域加窗将信道冲激响应长度以外的噪声滤除,保证了信道冲激响应长度在OFDM保护间隔之内。在算法复杂度提高并不大的前提下,IRW算法系统误码率(BER)比LS算法降低了近1个数量级。仿真结果表明,在256个子载波的CO-OFDM系统中,BER为10-4时,IRW算法对系统信噪比(SNR)的要求比LS算法低了近2.5dB,而只比线性最小均方误差(LMMSE)算法高0.7dB;并且,IRW算法的复乘次数仅比LS算法高8倍,而比LMMSE算法的复乘次数低32倍。     

相干光OFDM系统中一种新颖时域容积卡尔曼相位噪声补偿算法

针对激光器产生的相位噪声会严重影响相干光正交频分复用(CO-OFDM)系统的性能问题,提出了一种新颖容积卡尔曼滤波(CKF)相位噪声补偿算法。该算法利用导频信息,先通过扩展卡尔曼滤波(EKF)和线性插值算法补偿公共相位误差(CPE)噪声,然后对相位噪声粗补偿后的信号进行预判决,在时域对预判决后的信号进行次符号处理的CKF实现对载波间干扰(ICI)相位噪声的精细补偿。对补偿后的信号进行二次迭代,从而提高补偿效果。分析和仿真表明:提出的新颖CKF算法能有效补偿相位噪声对信号的影响,在相位噪声线宽较大时能有效增强对ICI相位噪声的补偿效果,改善CO-OFDM系统对激光器线宽的容忍度,有效提高系统的性能。     

Real-Time 2.5 GS/s Coherent Optical Receiver for 53.3-Gb/s Sub-Banded OFDM

A real-time receiver for the coherent optical orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (CO-OFDM) detection is realized in a field-programmable gate array (FPGA). Each building block of the CO-OFDM receiver, such as symbol synchronization, channel estimation, and phase estimation is described and discussed in respect of special technical requirements of real-time implementation. The real-time receiver is successfully demonstrated with a receiver sampling rate of 2.5-Gsamples/s to receive a subband of 53.3-Gb/s multiband CO-OFDM signal. The measured bit error rate (BER) is as low as $3.7times 10^{-8}$ which is a record in real-time or offline CO-OFDM demonstration.