Influential Factors on Electromagnetic Properties of Selected 3D Reticulated Ceramics

3D reticulated ceramics (3DRCs) with the composition containing SrFe12O19-SiC-TiO2 were prepared by a replication process with polyurethane sponges as the template in ceramic slurry. The electrical conductivity, dielectric and magnetic parameters of 3D reticulated ceramics (3DRCs) were measured with changes in cell size of the sponges, contents in the slurry and sintering temperature in this paper. Discussions about the influential factors of those parameters were focused on their electrical conductivity. The experimental results indicated that the electrical conductivity of 3DRCs raised with the increase of cell size, SiC/SrO.6Fe2O3 with weight ratio and sintering temperature. X-ray diffractions and SEM were used to investigate the relationship between electrical conductivity and sintering temperature. Deoxidizing reactions of SrO.6Fe2O3 caused the increasing electrical conductivity. The real part of permittivity (ε′) and imaginary part of permeability (μ") raised with the increase of electrical conductivity (σ). The imaginary part of permittivity (ε") has a maximum at 10° S/cm with the increase of σ, and the real part of permeability (μ′)changes slightly with the increase of σ. When σ is at the range of 10-4 S/cm to 100 S/cm (a semi conductive state),both the imagine part of permittivity and permeability raises with increasing σ, therefore, the 3DRCs present their high electromagnetic loss properties.     

纳米晶锌铁氧体的聚丙烯酰胺凝胶法制备、表征及其电磁性能

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶法合成了尖晶石型锌铁氧体（ZnFe2O4）,采用差分扫描-热重同步分析仪（DSC-TG）,红外光谱（FT-IR）,X射线衍射（XRD）,透射电镜（TEM）和波导法对干凝胶和产物进行了表征．红外光谱显示当煅烧温度从500℃升高到700℃时,铁-氧（FPO）键的特征吸收峰从541cm^-1移动到566cm^-1;XRD表明干凝胶为无定形态,在煅烧温度为500℃、煅烧时间为2h时,凝胶形成纯相的尖晶石型纳米晶ZnFe2O4;由透射电镜可知煅烧温度为500℃、600℃和700℃时,粉体的平均粒径分别为15nm、35nm和60nm;纳米晶体ZnFe2O4在8．2～12．4GHz的测试频率范围内具有介电损耗和磁损耗随着热处理温度的升高,介电常数、介电损耗、磁导率和磁损耗明显增大．     

Synthesis, Characterization and Electromagnetic Studies on Nanocrystalline Nickel Zinc Ferrite by Polyacrylamide Gel

Nanocrystalline nickel zinc ferrite powders （Ni=Zn1-xFe2O4, A for x=0, B for x=0.2, C for x=0.5, D for x= 0.8 and E for x= 1） were synthesized by polyacrylamide gel method. X-ray diffraction （XRD）, transmission electron microscopy （TEM） and wave-guide were used to characterize the composition. The XRD results show that the dried gel powders are amorphous, and the characteristic peaks of the spinel Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 appear after the gel is calcined at 400℃ for 1 h. When the calcining temperatures are 600 and 800℃, the average grain sizes are identified by TEM to be 10 and 30 nm, respectively. The NixZn1-xFe2O4 powders have both dielectric loss and magnetic loss in the frequency range of 8.2-11.0GHz. With the increase of Ni^2＋ ions content, the dielectric parameters （ε′） and permeability （u′） of the NixZn1-xFe2O4 powders decrease while the dielectric loss （ε″）, magnetic loss （u″） and the reflection loss increase.     

三维连通网络陶瓷的电磁特性Ⅰ网络结构特性

分别用矩形谐振腔微扰法和波导传输线法测量了三维连通网络陶瓷及其同质粉末压片的电磁参数的温度特性和频率特性。结果表明，无论是磁性还是非磁性三维连通网络陶瓷在较宽的温度范围及整个测试频段内都比其同质粉末具有更大的电磁损耗，这种损耗差异来自它的三维连通网络结构特性，三维连通网络结构使材料电损耗的增加远远大于磁损耗的增加，三维网络陶瓷的这一特点，为研制兼具耐高温，宽频，廉价于一身的结构吸波材料提供了新思路。     

石英纤维/聚酰亚胺复合材料的制备与性能

采用DSC、TG、FTIR和流变仪对KH-370聚酰亚胺树脂的化学反应特性和流变性能进行了表征。以QWB200石英纤维为增强体,采用热压成型工艺制备了QWB200/KH-370复合材料。研究了加压温度、压力大小、固化温度等不同工艺参数对QWB200/KH-370复合材料力学性能的影响,在此基础上确定了复合材料的成型工艺制度。考察了QWB200/KH-370复合材料400℃高温下的力学强度及宽频范围内的介电性能。结果表明,制备QWB200/KH-370复合材料的最佳工艺参数为:加压温度290~310℃,压力范围3.0~4.0 MPa,固化温度380℃。所得QWB200/KH-370复合材料具有良好的力学性能,400℃下力学强度保持率高于58%,表现出良好的耐热性能;而且在1~18 GHz的宽频范围内具有稳定的介电常数和介电损耗。      

CaCu3Ti4O12/NiCuZn铁氧体基磁电复合材料研究

将CCTO(CaCu3Ti4O12)与NiCuZn铁氧体进行复合,系统地研究了组分变化对这种新型磁电复合材料的烧结性能、晶相结构、显微结构和磁电性能的影响。随后,为了实现复合材料的低温烧结以及综合考虑复相陶瓷的磁电性能,选取80%(质量分数,下同)NiCuZn铁氧体/20%CCTO组分,以BBSZ(Bi2O3-H3BO3-SiO2-ZnO)玻璃作为助熔剂,研究了CCTO/NiCuZn铁氧体基复合材料的烧结行为和磁电性能。结果表明,掺杂BBSZ后,900℃下烧结的所有样品的密度均达到了复相陶瓷理论密度的95%,且复相陶瓷的介电常数和磁导率在1～30 MHz范围内均不依赖于频率的变化。在10 MHz的频率下,当BBSZ的含量从0增加到3%时,复相陶瓷磁导率μ从13.2增加到47.9,磁损耗tanδμ从0.022下降到0.017,同时,样品的谐振频率从109Hz左右移动到3.2×108Hz。相应地,复相陶瓷的介电常数ε从9.2增加到16,介电损耗tanδε从0.069下降到0.012。这一优异的整体性能使其有望实际应用。     

The magnetic and dielectric properties of microwave sintered yttrium iron garnet (YIG)

Yttrium iron garnet (YIG) material is widely used in microwave devices. Experiments show that microwave sintering (MS) treated YIG materials possess excellent properties with a saturation magnetization of 14.60 emu/g and coercive force 34.82 Oe. In the frequency range of 1 MHz–1.8 GHz, the relative dielectric constant is from 6.5 to 7.0, the line-width is 105 Oe, dielectric loss less than 0.09 and magnetic loss less than 0.7. Furthermore, the sintering time and temperature were significantly reduced from 20 h and 1300 °C for the conventional sintering (CS) process to 2 h and 900 °C for MS technique, respectively.     

BaFe12O19／Al2O3—SiO2—K2O微晶玻璃陶瓷的柠檬酸Sol—Gel合成及其微波性能的研究

采用柠檬酸sol-gel工艺合成了BaFe12O19/Al2O3-SiO2-K2O微晶玻璃陶瓷，并对其介电常数及其磁导率在1MHz～6GHz下的变化规律进行了研究。结果表明，BaFe12O19/Al2O3-SiO2-K2O微晶玻璃陶瓷的合成与体系中Fe/Ba、烧结温度密切相关；其介电常数、磁导率基本都随测试频率的增加而下降；介电损耗值最大可达到0.30，磁损耗值较小。     

低温烧结陶瓷BiMg2VO6的微波介电性能

通过传统的固相反应方法制备了低温烧结微波介质陶瓷BiMg₂VO₆, 研究了该陶瓷与银的化学兼容性、物相、形貌及在720~840℃内的密度和微波介电性质, 并测试了陶瓷的红外反射光谱。结果表明: 陶瓷在780℃条件下与银共烧不发生反应, 相对密度大于93.8%。在780℃条件下烧结2 h得到的陶瓷具有最好的微波介电性能: 介电常数为13.4, Q×f值为15610 GHz (f = 8.775 GHz), 温度系数为-87.2×10^-6/℃。红外反射谱数据处理显示, BiMg₂VO₆的光频介电常数ε_∞ = 3.4, 微波频段的外推值为13.5。BiMg₂VO₆陶瓷好的微波介电性能和低的烧结温度, 使其有望用作新的低温共烧陶瓷。     

Fe-Si-Al复合磁粉芯制备工艺的研究

模压成型制备Fe-Si-Al复合磁粉芯,研究了热处理条件及绝缘包覆处理对复合磁粉芯磁性能的影响.实验结果表明:压制后的退火处理能够有效地提高Fe-Si-Al磁粉芯的磁性能;增加退火温度能够提高样品的有效磁导率,减少磁滞损耗;过高的退火温度(＞660℃) 能够恶化粒子间的绝缘层,降低磁特性;Fe-Si-Al磁粉芯的最佳退...     

Electromagnetic and absorption properties of carbonyl iron/rubber radar absorbing materials

We measured the effective complex magnetic permeability /spl mu//sub eff//sup */ and dielectric permittivity /spl epsiv//sub eff//sup */ spectra in rubber radar absorbing material (RAM) with various carbonyl iron volume fractions by using the transmission/reflection method with a vector network analyzer. We studied the effects of carbonyl iron content and rubber thickness on the microwave absorption properties in the frequency range of 2.6 to 18 GHz. Our mathematical analysis is based on electromagnetic theory. The results indicate that the effective complex magnetic permeability and dielectric permittivity values of the RAM increase as the carbonyl iron volume fraction increases. For sample thickness of 3.0 mm, an increase in carbonyl iron content reduces the minimum reflection loss from -1.3 to -23.9 dB and shifts the frequency of the minimum reflection loss from 15.5 to 3.5 GHz. For an equal volume fraction of carbonyl iron, the frequency of the minimum reflection loss decreases as the thickness is increased. However, the dip in the reflection loss plot (in decibels) initially decreases to a minimum value before it increases with a further increase in thickness. We determined the value of the reflection loss for the samples by the impedance matching degree (reflection coefficient), which depends on the thickness and composition of the RAM.     

石英纤维布/含乙烯基聚硅氮烷耐高温透波复合材料的制备与性能

在对含乙烯基聚硅氮烷（PSN1）树脂基本性能研究的基础上,以石英纤维布为增强材料,利用层压法制备了石英纤维布/含乙烯基聚硅氮烷耐高温透波复合材料（QF/PSN1）,并对其在室温和高温下的力学性能及介电性能进行了测试与表征。研究结果表明:PSN1树脂工艺性能良好,黏度低于1 Pas（60~151℃）,固化温度小于200℃;耐热性能优异,在N₂和空气氛围下,其固化物失重5%时的温度均高于480℃、800℃时的残重均高于76%。QF/PSN1复合材料力学性能优异,弯曲强度和层间剪切强度随温度升高出现先下降后上升的趋势;450℃烘烤10 min后,其弯曲强度仍在120 MPa以上。QF/PSN1复合材料介电性能优异:在1~12 GHz范围内,QF/PSN1复合材料在室温~450℃范围内介电常数（ε）均低于3.2,介电损耗（tanδ）均小于0.01。上述研究结果表明:含乙烯基聚硅氮烷作为耐高温透波材料的新型树脂基体具有重要的应用价值。      

（Fe,Ni）_4N包覆（Fe,Ni）纳米复合粒子的微波吸收特性

以直流电弧等离子体法制备（Fe,Ni）的纳米粒子为前驱体,分别在350℃、400℃和450℃的氨气气氛中,通过热氨解反应合成（Fe,Ni）_4N包覆（Fe,Ni）纳米复合粒子。应用XRD,TEM,VSM,微波矢量网络分析仪对纳米粒子相成分、形貌、磁性和电磁参数进行了分析。结果表明,形成了（Fe,Ni）_4N包覆（Fe,...     

Anisotropy of dielectric losses in Al<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>3</Subscript> and SiO<Subscript>2</Subscript> single crystals

The procedure and results of measurements of the dielectric loss tangent using the dielectric resonator technique on azimuthal modes of the HE (quasi-E) and EH (quasi-H) types are considered. The measurements were performed for uniaxial anisotropic single crystals of Al₂O₃ (at a frequency of 11 GHz) and SiO₂ (at 39 GHz) in a temperature range of 80–373 K and for an isotropic single crystal of Y₃Al₅O₂ (YAG) at room temperature in a frequency range of 9–15 GHz. The proposed method revealed the anisotropy of dielectric losses in Al₂O₃ and SiO₂ single crystals in the temperature range studied. According to this, losses along the optical axis of these crystals are lower than in the transverse plane. In the YAG crystal, the Q values for modes of the two types with the same frequency are close, which corresponds to isotropic losses. The dielectric losses in YAG increase in proportion to the frequency.     

Z型铁氧体Ba_3（MnZn）_xCo_（2（1-x））Fe_（24）O_（41）的微波吸收性能

用溶胶-凝胶法制备锰锌掺杂Z型钡钴铁氧体Ba3（MnZn）xCo2（1-x）Fe24O41（x=0.0、0.1、0.2、0.3、0.4、0.5）样品。用XRD和SEM对样品的晶体结构、颗粒形貌进行表征,用微波矢量网络分析仪测试该样品在2～18GHz微波频率范围的复介电常数、复磁导率,根据测量数据计算电磁损耗角正切及反射率,探讨该材料的微波吸收性能与电磁损耗机理。结果表明样品为Z型六角铁氧体晶体结构,颗粒呈六角片状形貌;当样品厚度为2.2mm、x=0.4时,在频率3.9GHz处吸收峰值为38.5dB,10dB以上频带宽度为3.8GHz;该材料能在1～5.8GHz微波低频范围实现有效吸收,其微波吸收兼具磁损耗和介电损耗,但磁损耗更为显著。     

SnO2掺杂对BMN陶瓷结构及介电性能的影响

采用固相烧结法制备Ba(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_3+x(x=0~8)%SnO_2(BMSN,x为质量分数)微波介质陶瓷,并研究SnO_2掺杂对Ba(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_3(BMN)微波介质陶瓷结构及介电性能的影响。XRD分析表明,陶瓷体系中存在两种相,主晶相Ba(Mg_(1/3)-Nb_(2/3))O_3和附加相Ba_5Nb_4O_(15)。随着x的增大,BMSN陶瓷体系的相结构逐渐由钙钛矿六方结构转变为立方结构,同时有序相逐渐由1∶2有序结构转变为1∶1有序结构。研究表明:添加适量的SnO_2可以促进液相烧结,当SnO_2掺杂质量分数为6%时,BMN陶瓷致密化烧结温度由纯相时的1 550℃以上降低至1 200℃,表观密度ρ=6.39g/cm3,相对理论密度为99.1%,此时BMSN陶瓷体系拥有优良的微波介电性能——高相对介电常数(ε_r=33.6),接近于零的谐振频率温度系数(τ_f=0.15×10~(-6)℃~(-1)),高品质因数与谐振频率的乘积(Q·f=112 300GHz(8GHz))。     

模板法制备MoSi2/竹炭复合材料及吸波性能

以竹材炭化的多孔竹炭(BC)为模板,金属间化合物二硅化钼(MoSi_2)为吸收剂,采用包埋硅(Si)粉固相烧结工艺制备MoSi_2/BC多孔复合吸波材料。利用XRD、SEM和矢量网络分析仪对MoSi_2/BC复合材料的物相组成、显微结构、介电和吸波性能进行表征。结果表明:在氩气(Ar)保护气氛下,1450℃烧结制备的MoSi_2/BC复合材料主要含物相MoSi_2、SiC及无定型碳。BC基体孔隙内除分布有MoSi_2外,还布满排列无序、尺寸长短不一、相互交叉呈网状的碳化硅晶须(SiC_W),SiC_W的存在可有效提高复合材料电磁波吸收性能。在8.2～12.4GHz频率范围内,与环氧树脂混合后,复合材料反射率随MoSi_2/BC含量增加而逐渐减小。MoSi_2/BC含量为50%(质量分数)时,随试样厚度增加反射率降低,且最小反射率向高频方向移动;在11.87GHz处最低反射率为-13dB,反射损耗小于-10dB带宽约达1.0GHz,具有良好的吸波性能。     

ZBAS对BaAl2Si2O8结构与微波介电性能的影响

采用固相反应工艺, 按化学计量百分比BaAl₂Si₂O₈-x(ZnO-Al₂O₃-SiO₂-B₂O₃)(x=0, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%)制备样品, 研究了不同含量ZnO-Al₂O₃-SiO₂-B₂O₃(ZBAS)玻璃相对BaO-Al₂O₃-SiO₂系介电材料显微结构及微波介电性能的影响。结果表明: 添加ZBAS玻璃相可以适当降低烧结温度, 促进六方钡长石转变为单斜钡长石。当x≥3%时, 六方钡长石可以完全转变为单斜钡长石。随着ZBAS玻璃相含量的增多, 样品的密度、介电常数(ε_r)、品质因数(Q×f)和谐振频率温度系数(τ_f )增大。在x=3%, 烧结温度为1360℃时, 可以获得综合性能相对较好的单斜钡长石, 其介电性能: ε_r=6.72, Q×f=28058 GHz, τ_f =-29.79×10^-6℃^-1。     

无定形炭/磁性粒子复合吸波材料的制备和电磁性能研究

以二甲基亚砜(DMSO)为溶剂进行溶液聚合制得聚丙烯腈(PAN)溶液,在此溶液中混入了微米级铁粉后将其压成薄膜,将烘干后的薄膜高温碳化处理制得一种碳基吸波材料。采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)等手段对材料的成分、形貌、结构进行了表征。采用矢量网络分析仪对该复合材料在2～18GHz频段内的电磁参数进行了测试,并作了微波反射率的数值模拟。研究了碳化温度对材料物相组成和电磁性能的影响以及碳化温度和涂层厚度对材料吸波性能的影响。此种吸波材料是无定形炭和铁的氧化物、铁的氮化物等磁性物质的复合材料,兼有电损耗和磁损耗,具有较好的吸波性能。     

Microwave absorption properties of double-layer absorbers based on spindle magnetite nanoparticles and flower-like copper sulfide microspheres

In this work, the spindle magnetite nanoparticles (SMNPs) and flower-like copper sulfide microspheres (FCSMSs) were synthesized via hydrothermal method. The structures, chemical composition and morphologies of samples were analyzed and characterized in detail. The microwave absorption properties of single-layer and double-layer absorbers were investigated based on the electromagnetic transmission line theory in the frequency range from 2 to 18 GHz. The results show that the double-layer absorbers consisting of FCSMSs as matching layer and SMNPs as absorbing layer display superior microwave absorbing performance compared to the single-layer ones due to the proper combination of magnetic loss of SMNPs and dielectric loss of FCSMSs, and the improved impedance matching characteristics. When the thicknesses of the absorbing layer and the matching layer are 1.6 and 0.4 mm, respectively, the minimum reflection loss reaches ??74.3 dB at 10.9 GHz, and the efficient absorption bandwidth is up to 5.34 GHz (8.46–13.8 GHz). The optimal SMNPs/FCSMSs double-layer absorbers can become a novel microwave absorption material with strong-absorption and broad-band.