催化动力学光度法测定痕量钒(Ⅴ)的研究

研究了在 p H=4及没食子酸存在下 ,微量钒 ( )催化溴酸钾氧化邻苯二胺的动力学条件 ,建立了催化动力学光度法测定痕量钒 ( )的新方法。方法的测定范围为 0～ 0 .0 2 5 μg· 2 5 m L- 1 ,检出限为 1.18× 10 - 6 g·L- 1 ,相对标准偏差为 4 .6 3% (n=10 ) ,线性回归方程为△ A=2 5 .6 6 c(μg· 2 5 m L- 1 ) - 0 .0 15 7(r=0 .9997) ,表观摩尔吸光系数ε4 6 0 nm=3.2 7× 10 7L· m ol- 1 · cm- 1 。该法灵敏度高 ,选择性好 ,直接应用于水样和食品样中痕量钒( )的测定 ,结果满意     

聚碳酸酯树脂中微量酚的测定

在氧化剂存在下用4—氨基安替比林测定聚碳酸酯树脂中微量酚的方法具有灵敏度高、选择性好、干挠少等特点。其最大吸收峰位于510um;摩尔吸光系数ε_(510)=1.40×10~4L·mol~(-1)·cm~(-1);测定范围在0～250μg/100mL时符合比耳定律;相对误差小于3.0%;回收率为97.0～100%。本方法也可借鉴用于测定其它高聚物中的微量酚。     

汞（Ⅱ）—碘化钾—乙基紫体系分光光度法测定微量汞

研究了汞(Ⅱ)-碘化钾-乙基紫缔合体系水相测定微量汞的方法。表观摩尔吸光系数为(?)=2.5×10~5l·mol~(-1)·cm~(-1)。汞量在1～8μg/25ml 范围内服从比耳定德。缔合物的组成比(乙基紫:汞:碘)为2:1:4。可用于地质样品中微量汞的测定。     

阿拉伯胶--聚乙烯醇存在下甲基紫分光光度法测定食品中的碘的研究

研究了显色剂甲基紫分光光度法测定微量碘的新方法.在磷酸介质中,阿拉伯胶-聚乙烯醇的增敏作用,[I2Br]-配阴离子与甲基紫发生高灵敏的显色反应,其最大吸收波长位于552 nm处,表观摩尔吸光系数为ε=3.8×104L·mol-1·cm-1,碘的质量浓度在0～1.4 mg/L范围内符合比尔定律,相关系数γ=0.9991.该法准确、快速、简便,应用于食品中碘的测定,结果满意.     

高灵敏间接光度法测定废水中微量氰根离子

研究了在pH7.0的KH2PO4-NaOH缓冲溶液中,CN-使碘与淀粉形成的蓝色络合物褪色的最佳反应条件。褪色溶液的最大吸收波长为570nm,表观摩尔吸光系数为3.62×104L/(mol·cm),CN-质量浓度在0~0.8mg/L范围内符合比耳定律,检出限为0.02mg/L,样品加标回收率为98.0%~103.5%之间。该法已应用于含氰废水中微量CN-的测定,获得了满意的结果。     

噻唑蓝光度法测定植物中的钼含量

采用可见分光光度法测定植物中的钼。该法在 0 .1 0～ 1 .5 μg mL钼的浓度范围内符合比耳定律 ,回收率为 95 .2 %～ 1 0 2 % ,相对标准偏差 (RSD)为 0 .5 4 %～ 3 .1 6% ,摩尔吸光系数为 5 .7× 1 0 4L·moL- 1 ·cm- 1 。该方法灵敏度高 ,选择性好     

2-(3-羧基-2,4,5-三氮唑偶氮)-5-乙酰氨基苯酚的合成及其与钴的显色反应研究

合成了新试剂 2 -(3 -羧基 -2 ,4,5 -三氮唑偶氮 ) -5 -乙酰氨基苯酚 (CTZAAP) ,并研究了其与钴的显色反应及应用。在 p H7.61的 Na H2 PO4 -Na2 HPO4 缓冲液中该试剂与钴形成 2∶ 1红色稳定配合物 ,λmax为 5 2 9.2 nm,钴量在 0～ 1 .2 μg·m L- 1 范围内符合比尔定律 ,表观摩尔吸光系数为 4.61× 1 0 4 L· mol- 1 · cm- 1 。方法用于维生素 B1 2 注射液及环境水样中的微量钴测定 ,结果满意     

二安替比林对氯苯基甲烷与钒的显色反应研究

以正交设计法试验研究了二安替比林对氯苯基甲烷试剂分光光度法测定微量钒的最佳显色条件。最佳显色条件为 :(1+5 ) H3PO4 用量为 4 .0 0 m L,0 .2 m ol· L- 1 Mn( )的用量为 2 .0 0 m L,10 g· L- 1 Tween80用量为 2 .0 0 m L ,2 g· L- 1 DAPCM用量为 3.0 0 m L ,加热温度为 90℃ ,加热时间为 5 5 m in,最大吸收波长为 4 85 nm。V( )在 0 .2 0～ 5 .0 0 μg· (2 5 m L) - 1范围内呈良好线性关系 ,线性回归方程为 A=0 .92 11+0 .35 14 C[μg· (2 5m L) - 1 ],线性相关系数 r=0 .9979,摩尔吸光系数 ε=1.0 3× 10 6 [L· (mol· cm) - 1 ]。本法应用于猪骨中钒 ( )的测定 ,结果满意     

Tween-80-5-Br-PADAP双峰双波长光度法测定镍

在 p H3 .6的酸性介质中 ,Ni( )在非离子型表面活性 Tween-80存在下与 5-Br-PADAP生成有色络合物 ,以 560 nm为测定波长 ,440 nm为参比波长 ,可用双峰双波长法测定微量镍 ,表观摩尔吸光系数ε56 0 =1 .6× 1 0 5L· mol- 1· cm- 1,Ni( )的量在 0～ 0 .56mg· L- 1范围内符合比尔定律。本法用于蒙药样品中微量镍的测定 ,结果满意。     

试剂偶氮氟胂-DBN的合成及其与稀土、钍、铋显色反应的研究

介绍了新试剂偶氮氟胂 DBN的合成路线及方法 ,并对其与稀土 (铈、钇 )、钍、铋显色反应的条件和应用进行了研究。与稀土在 62 8nm处 ,0～ 2 5 μg/2 5mL范围内符合比尔定律 ,表观摩尔吸光系数分别为εCe=1 2 9× 1 0 5L·mol-1·cm-1,εY=1 3 0× 1 0 5L·mol-1·cm-1。试剂与钍在 0～ 2 6μg/2 5mL范围内符合比尔定律 ,ε62 4=1 3 3× 1 0 5L·mol-1·cm-1,与铋在 0～3 5 μg/2 5mL范围内符合比尔定律 ,ε62 2 =1 2 3× 1 0 5L·mol-1·cm-1。应用于铸造生铁中微量铈、药品胃必治中微量铋的测定 ,结果满意。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。