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酸析-絮凝法处理造纸黑液 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
针对中小型纸厂经济状况、污水处理规模等特点,提出了酸析-絮凝法处理造纸黑液的工艺,确定了最佳工艺条件,并进行了工程分析。结果表明:酸析-絮凝处理造纸黑液其最佳条件为:pH值2.5;温度常温;沉淀时间30 min;96%~98%的H2SO4加入量为0.004 t/m3。絮凝用PAM的最佳条件为:pH值3.0~4.0,搅拌时间为20 min,澄清时间40 min,COD去除率为50%~60%,加入量为3.0 g/m3。 相似文献
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农作物秸秆作为最具有代表性的木质纤维素资源,预处理是影响其组分分离与应用的关键因素。本文提出了基于SO3原位微热爆结合碱洗的秸秆预处理新方法,可高效实现秸秆三大主要组分的分离。为实现预处理碱液中的木质素回收,并将分离后的碱液回收套用,借鉴离子交换树脂中金属离子交换的思路,探讨了采用离子交换形成絮凝沉淀的方式对碱液中木质素加以分离。通过金属离子筛选,采用CaCl2对碱液中木质素进行分离,分别探讨了CaCl2添加量、絮凝时间、絮凝温度、絮凝转速及碱液pH值对絮凝物中木质素含量的影响。研究表明,原碱液透析后可大大提高CaCl2对碱液中木质素的絮凝能力,同时对絮凝分离产物中木质素得率进行考察,得出1%的CaCl2添加量、絮凝6h、50℃以及pH值 11分别为各自的最适条件,在该条件下絮凝分离产物中木质素得率达到61.08%。通过絮凝物的组分质量检测以及红外谱图、XPS的分析,能够确定絮凝物中木质素的存在。在此基础上,初步分析了Ca2+絮凝分离碱液中木质素的机理。 相似文献
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针对煤化工生产过程中半焦粉煤渣存在多种杂质、阻碍其综合回收和高值化资源利用等问题,利用湿法酸碱调控沉降法工艺制备高纯度氧化铁红,研究了不同固液比、酸浸温度和时间、酸碱度以及煅烧温度和时间对回收率和纯度的影响。结果表明,酸浸过程的最佳制备条件:固液比为1∶6、硫酸浓度为3.68 mol/L、酸浸温度为160℃、酸浸保温时间为4 h;在碱式pH调控沉降体系条件下的最佳制备条件:碱源浓度为2 mol/L、pH为6.8;在煅烧过程中的最佳制备条件:煅烧温度为600℃、煅烧保温时间为2 h。在超声时间为10 min、离心转速为4 000 r/min条件下,半焦粉煤渣铁类化合物含铁质量占总质量由24.26%上升为98.12%,氧化铁红产品纯度达98.12%,回收率约为98.69%。 相似文献
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对F00微生物絮凝剂的制备、性质及絮凝条件进行了研究.研究结果表明,(1)微生物絮凝剂F00制备的最佳条件pH值为11,加2倍体积丙酮时,产生沉淀量最多;(2)该絮凝剂具有良好的pH稳定性和热稳定性;(3)该絮凝剂最佳絮凝条件为:絮凝体系温度40 ℃,絮凝剂使用量为2%,絮凝时间30 min. 相似文献
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研究了载体助剂、染色温度、染色保温时间、pH值、缓染剂染色因素对对位芳纶染色效果的影响.结果表明:载体用量30g/L,染色温度140℃,染色保温时间60 min,pH值为3~4为最佳工艺条件.选择氯化钠作为缓染剂对织物染色后色深值影响较小. 相似文献
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乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)是十分重要的化工中间体,其下游产品较多。江苏某化工厂开发生产乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品三十多个,年生产规模三万多吨,是国内以乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)为中间体生产精细化学品的综合骨干企业。针对乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水特点,该厂结合企业实际,开展了产品优化,结构调整,清洁生产,资源循环利用,节水降耗等工作,从源头削减了污染物的生产。同时投资二千多万元新建预处理装置三套,6000m3/d废水生化处理装置一套,使全厂乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品的废水得到了有效的治理。 相似文献
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D. G. Gordeev L. F. Gudarenko M. V. Zhernokletov V. G. Kudel’kin M. A. Mochalov 《Combustion, Explosion, and Shock Waves》2008,44(2):177-189
A semi-empirical equation of state for metals is described. Its capabilities are demonstrated by the example of the equation
of state for aluminum. New experimental data are presented on the location of the isentrope of aluminum for unloading from
the state at p = 229.71 GPa on the shock adiabat to an aerogel (SiO2) of density 0.08 g/cm3.
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Translated from Fizika Goreniya i Vzryva, Vol. 44, No. 2, pp. 61–75, March–April, 2008. 相似文献
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Jorge Marcelo Romero Soledad Bustillo Hugo Enrique Ramirez Maisuls Nelly Lidia Jorge Manuel Eduardo Gómez Vara Eduardo Alberto Castro Alicia H. Jubert 《International journal of molecular sciences》2007,8(7):688-694
A thermochemical rather simple experimental technique is applied to determine the enthalpy of formation of Diperoxide of ciclohexanone. The study is complemented with suitable theoretical calculations at the semiempirical and ab initio levels. A particular satisfactory agreement between both ways is found for the ab initio calculation at the 6–311G basis This set level. Some possible extensions of the present procedure are pointed out. 相似文献
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A perturbation viscometer is a differential capillary viscometer that measures the logarithmic viscosity gradient of the viscosity-composition curve for gas mixtures. Measurements are made at different gas mixture compositions. Integration of the logarithmic viscosity gradients measured over the full composition range gives the mixture viscosity relative to the viscosity of one of the pure components of the gas mixture. This method is attractive because, for measurements of equal precision, integration of the gradients is potentially an order of magnitude more precise than measurement of the viscosities directly. It can also work at high and low temperatures and perhaps high pressures.The perturbation viscometer has been used to make measurements on ideal gas mixtures at ambient and elevated temperatures. The situation is more complicated when the gas mixtures are non-ideal. Extra effects due to density differences, molar volume change on mixing and differential thermal expansion may be measured in addition to the desired viscosity change producing systematic errors in the results. Thus, a more sophisticated apparatus is required. The standard perturbation viscometer has been modified to separate out the extra effects to permit measurement of the true change in viscosity. In addition, the theoretical operation of the modified apparatus has been revised to account for the design changes to permit calculation of the viscosity-composition profiles from the results.The apparatus has been tested using helium-HFC-125 mixtures and two new viscosity-composition profiles are presented for these mixtures at 23 and . Internal consistency tests have been used to confirm that the data produced are of high quality with an estimated uncertainty in the viscosity ratio data at of 0.9% and at of 1.5%. 相似文献
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塔设备改造选型的分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
就当前扩产增容中塔设备设计和改造时板式塔和填料塔的选型问题加以分析。在评述目前国内常用的几种塔板和新型填料之后,着重介绍一种新型塔板(导向梯形浮阀塔板)和一种新型填料(波环填料——乾隆帕克)。 相似文献