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石英砂负载氧化铁吸附锑的动力学及其吸附机理研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究了283、293、313K的温度下,石英砂负载氧化铁(IOCS)对锑的吸附动力学。锑在IOCS表面的吸附可分为两个阶段,吸附反应的前120min为快速吸附阶段;120min后,吸附速率明显变慢。温度升高加快了锑在IOCS表面的吸附速率。用Elovich动力学模型、准一级反应模型、准二级反应模型、二级反应模型和粒内扩散动力学模型对试验数据进行回归分析,准二级反应模型能更好地描述锑在IOCS表面的吸附,各吸附模型的模拟优劣顺序为:准二级模型、二级模型、Elovich模型、准一级模型、粒内扩散模型。给出锑在IOCS表面的吸附机理,Sb(OH)3与IOCS表面羟基经两个阶段的反应,最终生成了双齿表面配合物;SbO(OH)和HSbO2与IOCS表面羟基反应生成单齿表面配合物。 相似文献
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以一级动力学模型为基础,结合会泽硫化矿异步浮选新技术的特点推导一种新的浮选模型,称之为分速浮选模型.选择传统浮选模型中的经典一级模型、二级动力学模型和本文推导的分速浮选模型,基于MATIAB/GUI方法设计出了界面友好、操作简单、可视化强的矿物浮选动力学研究平台,实现了矿物浮选数据的快速处理和图形输出,显著提高了工作效率. 相似文献
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DAEM在模拟蒸馏体系中的推广应用研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
对分布活化能模型(DAEM)进行了新的理论阐述,不仅给出了分布活化能模型中活化能项的解析表达式,得到了Miura积分法的理论证明,还系统研究了这一新的DAEM表述对焦油馏分模拟蒸馏二级反应体系的适用性,动力学分析表明,新的DAEM表述能够给出同常规二级反应动力学极为一致的活化能值,了建立在一级反应假设基础上的DAEM模型,在确立了新的活化能表述方式后,完全适用于非一级反应体系,从而能够反映非一级反 相似文献
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以氯化镁、氢氧化钠、氯化钠为原料,利用室温固相反应制备了氢氧化镁.采用X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜( SEM)等方法对样品的物相、形貌进行了表征.对氢氧化镁吸附处理含Ni(Ⅱ)废水进行了研究,考察了pH值、吸附时间和吸附温度等因素对氢氧化镁吸附Ni(Ⅱ)过程的影响,使用准一级动力学模型、准二级动力学模型对动力学数据进行了拟合,结果表明氢氧化镁对Ni(Ⅱ)的吸附过程符合准二级动力学模型,并且吸附量随温度的增加而增大. 相似文献
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Kinetic study of retro‐aldol condensation of glucose to glycolaldehyde with ammonium metatungstate as the catalyst
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Junying Zhang Baolin Hou Aiqin Wang ZhenLei Li Hua Wang Tao Zhang 《American Institute of Chemical Engineers》2014,60(11):3804-3813
The kinetics of the retro‐aldol condensation of glucose to glycolaldehyde was studied in a batch reactor at 423–453 K using ammonium metatungstate (AMT) as the catalyst. Three consecutive reactions were considered: retro‐aldol condensation of glucose to erythrose and glycolaldehyde (R1), retro‐aldol condensation of erythrose to two moles of glycolaldehyde (R2), and further conversion of glycolaldehyde to side products (R3). Fitting of the experimental data showed that R1 was first‐order reaction while R2 and R3 were 1.7th‐ and 2.5th‐order reaction, respectively. Conversely, the reaction rate of R1 was 0.257th‐order dependence on the concentration of AMT catalyst. The apparent activation energies for R1, R2, and R3 were 141.3, 79.9, and 52.7 kJ/mol, respectively. The high activation energy of R1 suggests that a high temperature is favorable to the formation of glycolaldehyde. The experimental C–t curves at different temperatures and initial glucose concentrations were well predicted by the kinetic model. © 2014 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 60: 3804–3813, 2014 相似文献
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研究了大孔树脂H1020对糖精(邻苯甲酰磺酰亚胺)的吸附性能。在温度为303.15、308.15、313.15和318.15 K条件下分别测定了吸附平衡数据。分别采用了拟一级动力学模型和拟二级动力学模型对实验数据进行模拟,结果表明拟二级动力学方程更适合描述H1020型大孔树脂对糖精的吸附过程。用Langmuir和Freundlich吸附等温方程对实验数据进行拟合,结果表明糖精在大孔树脂H1020上的吸附平衡符合Freundlich吸附等温方程。计算糖精吸附过程的吸附焓变、吸附自由能和吸附熵变,根据吸附热力学值可判断出H1020型大孔树脂对糖精的吸附过程是自发的、放热的物理吸附。 相似文献
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以HY、USY分子筛作为吸附剂,喹啉的十二烷溶液为模拟油,在间歇式微型反应釜中,进行了静态吸附脱除碱性氮化物的实验研究。考察了两种分子筛的吸附温度、剂油质量比对脱氮率的影响,并对其吸附热力学、吸附动力学进行了研究。结果表明,HY和USY分子筛最佳吸附温度分别为100 ℃和140 ℃,最佳剂油质量比为1∶30;通过吸附热力学的研究,得出两种分子筛的等温吸附曲线为H型化学吸附曲线,Langmuir等温方程拟合相关系数大于0.999,新建立的等温化学吸附方程可以很好地拟合等温吸附曲线;吸附焓变?H>0,自由能变?G0,实验条件下碱性氮化物在两种分子筛上的吸附是吸热的、自发的化学吸附过程;采用3种动力学模型对两种分子筛的吸附行为进行拟合,得出准二级动力学模型是描述两种分子筛吸附过程的最佳动力学方程,相关系数大于0.999。 相似文献
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采用乌氏黏度仪,在常压和293.15~323.15 K温度范围内测定了均三甲苯与二异丁基甲醇混合溶剂以及两种纯溶剂的黏度,计算了不同温度和组成下混合溶剂的超额黏度。用Redlich-Kister方程对超额黏度进行了关联;用Andrade方程、UNIFA-VISCO模型以及Grunberg-Nissan模型对黏度进行了关联与预测。结果表明,混合溶剂的黏度随温度升高和均三甲苯含量增加而减小。超额黏度均为负值,且随均三甲苯含量增加呈U形变化,约在均三甲苯摩尔分数为0.3时达到最低。Grunberg-Nissan模型对黏度数据的关联和预测性最好,预测值与实测值的最大和平均相对偏差分别为12.96%和5.74%。 相似文献
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The hydrocracking of n-heptane has been carried out in a fixed bed reactor at 2.45 MPa pressure and with a H2/n-heptane molar ratio of 5.0 using a 4 wt% NiO - 8 wt% MO3/HYUS zeolite as a catalyst. The W/F10 ratio was varied between 75.3 and 1624 kg · s/kmol at different reaction temperatures: 573, 588, 603 and 623 K. The kinetics of the reaction has been studied by two different procedures due to the slight deactivation of the catalyst. One of them uses the conversion and yield values extrapolated at time on stream to zero and the other uses a kinetic equation where the deactivation of the catalyst has been included. The experimental data were fit well by a pseudo-first order kinetic equation and the kinetic constant values obtained by both methods coincide. The apparent activation energy of the reaction has a value of 105.8 + 5.0 kJ/mol. 相似文献
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An 8-lump kinetic model was proposed to predict the yields of propylene,ethylene and gasoline in the catalytic pyrolysis process of Daqing atmospheric residue.The model contains 21 kinetic parameters and one for catalyst deactivation.A series of experiments were carried out in a riser reactor over catalyst named LTB-2.The kinetic parameters were estimated by using sub-model method,and apparent activation energies were calculated according to the Arrhenius equation.The predicted yields coincided well with the experimental values.It shows that the kinetic parameters estimated by using the sub-model method were reliable. 相似文献
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A. E. Gorshtein 《加拿大化工杂志》1992,70(5):960-965
The form of the equation governing the kinetic model of a reactor depends on the mixing regime of the reacting phases and the conversion kinetics. The formation of detached flow in a spouted-bed reactor results in backmixing of the solid material. Therefore, the processes in a spouted-bed reactor can be described by a diffusion (quasihomogeneous) model equation. The paper compares the values of the production capacity of a spouted-bed reactor calculated using the diffusion model with experimental values of the efficiency of green ultramarine oxidation (kinetic region), of oxidative calcination of some metal sulphides (mixed region), and of the ion exchange extraction of copper from solutions (diffusion region). The kinetics of the corresponding conversions are also described. 相似文献
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离子液体中裂解C5馏分二烯烃聚合反应动力学 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
用离子液体1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸盐作为裂解C5馏分中混合二烯烃的反应介质和催化剂,考察了其对混合二烯烃二聚反应的影响。在温度303.15—343.15 K、离子液体质量分数0.3—0.8范围内,采用封管实验方法测定了C5混合二烯烃的动力学数据。在相同温度范围内,测定了离子液体介质中环戊二烯无限稀释状态下的动力学数据。将催化剂影响因数引入Arrhen ius方程,确定了离子液体介质中二烯烃聚合反应动力学模型。用墨森数值积分和非线性最小二乘法拟合求取了各反应速率常数,得到了模型参数和各聚合反应对于催化剂质量分数的反应级数,动力学模型预测值与实验值吻合良好。 相似文献
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姚善泾 《中国化学工程学报》1999,7(1):47-55
In the established apparatus, the converaion ratios of cellaloee sulfation (X) under dif-ferent salfation conditlons were measured. The range of temperature was from -5℃ to 5℃, and the H2SO4 concentration was from 3.1 mol.L^-1 to 4.5 mol.L^-1. The experimental results were used for the establishment of the kinetic model for cellulose sulfation. With the model, X values and the yield of NaCS (Y) can be calculated, thus the reaction with respect to H2SO4 concentration is determined to be third order. 相似文献
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以1,3-二氨丙基-1,1,3,3-四甲基二硅氧烷(DSX)和环氧氯丙烷(ECH)为原料,利用相转移催化剂,合成双酚F环氧树脂(BPFER)改性剂N,N,N',N'-四缩水甘油基-1,3-二氨丙基-1,1,3,3-四甲基二硅氧烷(TG-siloxane),并用FTIR、13C NMR谱图对其结构进行了表征。对TG-siloxane改性BPFER/mXDA(间苯二甲胺)体系的固化动力学进行了研究。根据DSC曲线和Starink方程,得该体系表观固化活化能为51.52 kJ·mol-1。用Šesták-Berggren模型求得不同升温速率下的表观因子、反应级数。动力学方程表明,升温速率对固化反应影响明显;所得方程用于预估反应进程时,与实测值吻合程度高。TG分析表明,TG-siloxane改性BPFER/mXDA体系固化物的耐热性能优于单纯BPFER/mXDA固化物。 相似文献