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1.
This work presents the development and implementation of an artificial neural network based algorithm for transmission lines distance protection. This algorithm was developed to be used in any transmission line regardless of its configuration or voltage level. The described ANN-based algorithm does not need any topology adaptation or ANN parameters adjustment when applied to different electrical systems. This feature makes this solution unique since all ANN-based solutions presented until now were developed for particular transmission lines, which means that those solutions cannot be implemented in commercial relays.  相似文献   

2.
In this paper, the analytical and simulation results of the application of adaptive distance protection scheme for the transmission line incorporating Static Var Compensator (SVC) connected at the mid-point is presented. The mal-operation of the distance protection for the transmission line with SVC at various locations are studied. The simulation results show the under-reaching and over-reaching is more severe with SVC at mid-point of the transmission line. To mitigate the mal-operation of the distance protection, the adaptive scheme is presented based on recursive simulation study. The simulation result with adaptive scheme is outperformed as compared with the conventional scheme. Electro-magnetic Transient Program (EMTP) simulations on two machine system is used to substantiate the claim.  相似文献   

3.
A novel zone-one distance relaying algorithm for single phase to ground faults on parallel lines is proposed. The proposed algorithm only requires sampled current and voltage values at one end of the protected line to calculate the fault impedance. The adjacent circuit zero-sequence current can be calculated from the protected circuit zero-sequence current and without cross-connection. The algorithm can overcome the issues of overreach and under-reach. The study in this paper shows that the new algorithm has higher reliability than that of conventional distance relays with and without cross-connected zero-sequence current compensation. Therefore, the algorithm optimizes the performance of zone-one distance relaying for parallel transmission lines. The results are verified by the simulations using PSCAD software.  相似文献   

4.
This paper presents a mathematical deterministic adaptive distance protection formulation for UPFC compensated transmission lines. The proposed formulation is developed using a phase component approach and considers and compensates for various UPFC operation conditions and non-zero fault resistances. The proposed methodology is completely adaptive and independent of system characteristics (such as changes in transmission line impedances) or operating conditions (such as different load conditions and controlled reference parameters). Moreover, the proposed formulation uses local and remote end voltage and current signals as input data. The comparative test results demonstrate potential beneficial aspects of the proposed formulation for real-time applications.  相似文献   

5.
The priority to reactive power contribution from the Voltage Source Converter (VSC) based High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) connection to support the grid during faults as suggested by the modern Network Code (NC) for HVDC affects the distance protection of transmission lines. Moreover, suppressing the negative sequence current during an unbalanced condition also interferes with the proper operation of the distance relays. This is because the current contribution from the converter is limited in magnitude and modified in the waveform in order to protect the power electronic devices during the fault in comparison to the synchronous generator fault current characteristics. This paper discusses the cause as well as the severity of the problems faced by the distance protection of transmission lines connected to the VSC based HVDC system by analyzing the apparent impedance analytically and in the simulation. The response of the relay to balanced and unbalanced faults lying on transmission lines is investigated. It is shown that the VSC limited reactive support and suppressed negative sequence current affect fault detection, forcing the relay to malfunction. The results of this paper can be used as a reference for understanding the effects of VSC-HVDC system on the operation of the distance protection during faults.  相似文献   

6.
The paper presents an adaptive distance relay setting for parallel transmission network connecting wind farms. The ideal trip characteristics of distance relay is greatly affected in presence of mutual coupling of parallel transmission lines as the apparent impedance is significantly affected. Similarly, the reach setting of the relay for the lines connecting wind farms is significantly affected as the relay end voltage fluctuates continuously. Thus, the proposed study focuses on developing adaptive relay setting for parallel transmission network including wide variations in operating conditions of wind farms and effect of mutual coupling, together. Further, the performance of the proposed adaptive relay setting for parallel lines including Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) indicates the potential ability of the proposed analytical approach in handling distance relaying in transmission system.  相似文献   

7.
Distance relays are often used in the protection of the transmission lines connected to the wind farms. The distance relay using the transmission line impedance measurement identifies the type and location of the fault. However any other factors that cause the failure of the measured impedance, makes the relay detect the fault in incorrect location or do not detect the fault at all. One of these factors is the fault resistance which directly increases the measured impedance by the relay. One of the methods to eliminate relay under-reach effect is using of the trip boundaries. Trip boundaries are changing with wind variation and following with output power of the wind farms. Therefore, trip boundaries should continuously change proportional by the wind speed. In this paper, a method is provided based on the combination of distance and differential protection. In this method, using active power calculation in both ends of the transmission line, fault resistance is calculated and its effects are directly deducted from the calculated impedance by the relay. Therefore, variable trip boundaries are not needed anymore. Also in this method, unlike the technique that the trip boundaries are used, the exact location of fault and its distance from the relay also is calculated. Detailed model of a doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) driven by a wind turbine is used in the modelling. Results of studies show that the presented method eliminates properly the mal-operation of relays under all different fault resistance conditions.  相似文献   

8.
The measuring accuracy and the measurement stability of conventional distance relay will be influenced by complex and remarkable harmonic components due to the large capacitance of the line when it is used for a long line. Correspondingly, the tripping speed will be delayed to some extent. To solve this problem, a fast distance relay for long transmission lines is presented, which is on the basis of the differential equation algorithm using π transmission line model and the theory of Equal Transfer Process of Transmission Lines (ETPTL). The shortcomings of π model differential equation algorithm due to the impact of high frequency components can be overcome by using a low-pass filter. The problem resulting from the difference between the transfer feature of the voltages used by the distance protection and that of the currents due to the transient characteristic of coupling capacitor voltage transformers (CCVT) can be solved by using virtual digital CCVT. Then, the new distance relay can trip quickly by re-structuring the voltage at the fault point and iterative calculations. A variety of ATP simulation tests show that the new relay has fast tripping speed and high reliability when applied to the long transmission lines.  相似文献   

9.
Experience with a digital distance relay algorithm, which also utilizes a digital low-pass filter, is presented. It is shown that the relay is capable of tracking the apparent impedance of a transmission line, as it experiences a short circuit, with a speed and accuracy which are competitive with existing distance relay hardware. The distance relay algorithm is feasible with current large-scale integration technology, although a specific micro-processor architecture has not yet been directed to this particular application.  相似文献   

10.
In this paper, a new adaptive load encroachment prevention scheme based on steady-state security analysis and adaptive anti-encroachment zone (AEZ) is proposed. The new scheme identifies the vulnerable distance relays through real-time security analysis. Selected dual contingencies are included to reflect the influence from the “hidden failures” of protection systems. Effective measures are taken to improve the computational efficiency. The AEZ will be designed online to prevent the undesired tripping if the analysis shows that a distance relay may suffer the load encroachment for a particular scenario. To ensure the dependability of the protection system, the AEZ will be applied only when its introduction is necessary. The effectiveness of the new scheme can be verified through the test cases in this paper.  相似文献   

11.
配电线路全线速切继电保护技术   总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4  
针对配电系统采用的分段式过流保护存在速段保护范围小、整定配合复杂等问题,研究并提出了一种配电线路全线速切保护系统.该系统基于纵联比较的保护原理,结合配电系统的保护配置特点,借助通信手段完成上下游保护之间的信息交换,为配电线路提供全线速动保护功能.依据所获取保护信息类型的不同和对信息利用方式的不同,提出了基于过流元件的闭锁式速切保护系统和基于低电流、低电压元件的允许式速切保护系统,研究了2种速切保护系统的逻辑构成和工作方式,并从快速性、安全可靠性、方案实现的难易程度等方面分析各自的特点.对速切保护所采用的通信方式进行了分析研究,对利用中间继电器、数传电台和光纤3种通信方式进行保护信息交换的延时进行了实验室测试.采用数传电台通信方式的闭锁式速切保护已经投入现场试运行,目前运行效果良好.  相似文献   

12.
分析继电保护安装处的测量阻抗与线路阻抗的关系,在此基础上定义一个具有自适应特性的补偿阻抗,并分析故障点相对于串联补偿装置不同位置时补偿阻抗的相角特性,即金属性故障位于串补装置之前时,补偿阻抗的相角为0°;金属性故障位于串补装置之后时,补偿阻抗的相角介于90°和270°之间。据此提出识别串补线路故障点的方法,并与传统的电平检测方案相结合形成新的距离保护方案。该方法适用于串补装置安装于线路不同位置的运行方式,不仅可以有效解决超越动作问题,而且可提高保护的灵敏度。MATLAB仿真验证了该方法的正确性。  相似文献   

13.
This paper presents a fast distance relay for series compensated transmission lines based on the R–L differential-equation algorithm using the theory of equal transfer process of transmission lines. The measuring distances based on the proposed algorithm can fast approach the actual value of fault distance when a fault occurs in front of the series capacitor. When a fault occurs behind of the series capacitor, the fault loop, including the series capacitor, does not match the R–L transmission line model, so the measuring distances fluctuate severely. Based on this, the relative position of the fault with respect to the series capacitor can be judged effectively according to the fluctuation range of the measuring distances, and the accurate fault location can be obtained fast. A variety of PSCAD/EMTDC simulation tests show that the new relay has fast operating speed and high accuracy when applied to the long series compensated transmission lines.  相似文献   

14.
含UPFC线路的自适应距离保护研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
UPFC作为典型的FACTS元件,可以灵活地调节系统的功率传输,但也会造成线路参数变化,影响传统保护的动作,研究含有UPFC的输电线路对传统距离保护产生的影响.针对加入UPFC后造成的阻抗增量,提出两种自适应解决方案,使保护整定值成为可变的阻抗圆,随故障后UPFC状态变化而变化,使得距离保护能正确动作.  相似文献   

15.
A new numerical distance relaying algorithm based on Mathematical Morphology and a Least-Square Curve Fitting has been proposed. It makes use of morphological operators to detect and classify the faults and a Curve Fitting method to estimate the fault distance. To show the effectiveness of the proposed technique, computer simulations have been carried out on a test system, considering several fault types in different locations, loading angle and fault incidence angle. Due to simple mathematics operations used, the protection scheme proposed displays secure and effective high speed fault detection and tripping.  相似文献   

16.
输电线路的暂态量保护原理是继电保护的重要新原理之一,保护装置是有望应用于特高压系统,实现故障的超高速切除.针对课题组近10年的暂态保护研究工作进行了较为全面的总结,介绍了一套面向实用化的暂态量保护总体方案,由高速的主保护(双端纵联的方向保护)、超高速的辅保护(单端的边界保护)和配套元件(用于启动、识别雷电干扰、识别合闸于故障、故障选相等)构成;构建了一套暂态量保护的实验装置,包括一台能够同步采集暂态信号并实时进行保护计算与判断的实验室样机和一台能够输出保护用模拟信号的暂态信号发生器.基于EMTP仿真数据和现场行波实录数据,对装置进行性能测试试验,表明暂态量保护原理算法和实验室样机是可行的、动作速度为2~8 m s.同时,探讨了影响暂态量保护实用化的互感器高频暂态信号传变特性问题和输电线路高频载波的干扰问题.  相似文献   

17.
The active saturated iron-core superconductive fault current limiter (SISFCL) is a good choice to decrease fault current. This paper introduced the principles and impedance characteristic of the active SISFCL. Then, it shows the current-limiting effects of the SISFCL. Besides, the impact of the active SISFCL on the distance protection of the EHV transmission line is evaluated. Based on that, the coordination scheme of the distance protections is proposed. A 500 kV double-circuit transmission system with SISFCLs is simulated by Electro-Magnetic Transients Program including DC (EMTDC). Simulation tests demonstrate the correctness and validity of theoretical analyses.  相似文献   

18.
This paper presents a high speed, computationally efficient scheme for protection of transmission lines. The relay logic consists of three parts: directional protection, fault classification and fault location. Wavelet transform is used for extracting information from the fault transients and only the first level high frequency details of the voltages and currents are used. Proposed protection logic compares the directional signals from both terminals to discriminate between faults inside and outside the zone of interest. Fault classification is achieved using local terminal current information. An estimate of the location of the faults is obtained utilizing single faulted phase current information from both terminals. The logic is deterministic and can work reliably in the presence of fault resistance, load variation and CT saturation. The validity of the proposed logic was exhaustively tested by simulating various types of faults on a four bus meshed system modeled in EMTP/ATP.  相似文献   

19.
分相电流差动保护装置中一般都配置零序差动保护 ,目的是为了提高保护装置的耐过渡电阻能力。经分析表明 ,零序差动保护并不比故障分量差动保护的灵敏度高 ,并且其整定需躲过外部三相短路时的不平衡电流。零序电流差动保护对整个保护装置的灵敏度和动作速度均没有实质性的提高  相似文献   

20.
基于单间隔电气量的接地距离保护由于受到同杆双回线线间互感的影响,存在故障线路距离测量不准确、非故障线路易发生反方向误动和末端故障超越等问题.利用智能变电站中跨间隔站域信息高度共享的特点,构建了同杆双回线单元式保护配置方案,设计了过程层信息获取及交互的实现方案.利用双回线的断路器位置和接地刀闸位置信息自适应地选择零序补偿...  相似文献   

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