稳定性二氧化氯在炼油循环水中的应用

在我厂炼油循环系统采用稳定性二氧化氯进行杀菌灭藻试验，考察了该杀菌剂的使用效果及对在用水稳剂的影响，分析了使用过程中影响杀菌影响的各种因素。应用结果表明，稳定性二氧化氯对炼油循环水系统的的杀菌效果良好，且低浓度时对水稳剂的影响不大，但水中还原性物质较多时，杀菌效果不理想。     

稳定性二氧化氯消毒性能探讨

稳定性二氧化氯是一种有前途的高效、广谱、安全的杀菌剂和强氧化剂 ,用它消毒后 ,不生成有害的有机卤化物。本文针对几种稳定性二氧化氯产品进行了水质消毒实验 ,对稳定性二氧化氯的消毒效果及经济成本作了相应的探讨。     

二氧化氯在油田注水系统中的应用

二氧化氯是一种氧化型杀菌剂,具有除硫反应速度快、除硫效果彻底,同时兼有杀菌性能等优点。根据其氧化能力,室内实验评价了除硫杀菌的效果,提出了"用二氧化氯先氧化,后沉降;先杀菌,后控制"的油田污水处理新思路。二氧化氯能清除因长期使用而引起的FeS、有机生物质和注水管线污垢等堵塞问题,由其配制的解堵剂解堵效果好,在油田注水开发中,具有良好的应用前景。     

稳定性二氧化氯在石化企业循环水系统的应用

介绍了石化企业循环水系统使用的杀菌剂，对氯气和非氯气杀菌剂的优缺点进行了比较；结合工程实例，阐述了药剂的杀菌灭藻能力、技术经济及安全环保等方面的问题；建议用稳定性二氧化氯作为石化企业循环水处理的首选杀菌剂替代氧化性杀菌剂。     

稳定性二氧化氯的活化剂筛选及应用

根据北方工业循环冷却水场秋冬季节水温偏低的情况，进行试验与研究，筛选出适宜的稳定性二氧化氯活化剂一硫酸，二氧化氯遥活化剂提高，确保了一二氧化氯的杀菌效果。     

油田水处理杀菌剂应用效果检测影响因素分析

随着油田开发技术的提高和大量新技术的应用,更多种类的杀菌剂进入了市场,为确保杀菌剂产品质量满足油田生产需要,需对在用杀菌剂的检测指标和检测方法进行分析,研究其中可能会对杀菌剂杀菌效果产生影响的因素。通过分析杀菌及培养温度、杀菌时间、取样过程、pH值等因素对杀菌剂杀菌效果的影响,最终找到杀菌剂检测标准修订的方向,为标准中技术指标、杀菌温度及取样的修改提供了依据,从而提高检测的准确性,更好地为油田生产提供保障。     

喇嘛甸油田污水杀菌技术

目前,大庆油田采油厂在用的杀菌技术主要有两种:一是物理杀菌技术,即LEMUP杀菌技术与紫外线杀菌技术;二是化学杀菌技术,主要采用的化学杀菌剂为常规杀菌剂HLX—102与强氧化剂二氧化氯.在喇嘛甸油田污水杀菌系统中,提出深度污水处理站采用以物理杀菌技术为主、化学杀菌技术为辅的杀菌模式,普通污水处理采用物理杀菌技术与化学杀菌技术联合使用的杀菌模式,聚驱污水处理站采用以添加二氧化氯杀菌剂为主的杀菌模式,实现杀菌系统低耗、高效运行,保证井口处水质达标.     

二氧化氯杀菌技术在油田回注水处理中的应用效果

回注水中的细菌是影响注入水质的重要因素。细菌超标不仅对污水管道及处理设备产生腐蚀,增加污水处理难度,而且还会造成地层堵塞等危害。目前油田含油污水主要采用物理方式和投加化学杀菌剂方式去除细菌,单纯采用物理杀菌方式难以达到污水回注指标要求,而投加化学杀菌剂运行成本高,且长期投加细菌会产生抗药性。为寻求经济有效的杀菌技术,开展了二氧化氯杀菌技术室内实验和现场试验。现场采用氯酸钠和盐酸溶液为反应原料,所产生的二氧化氯和氯气自动投加到含油污水中。试验结果表明,当回注水中投加二氧化氯浓度为10 mg/L以上时,硫酸盐还原菌、腐生菌和铁细菌的灭菌率接近100%,硫化物含量也明显减少,出站及注水井井口细菌及硫化物含量均达到污水回注指标要求,同时大幅降低了杀菌成本,试验区综合杀菌费用年降低76.7%。     

稳定性二氧化氯溶液在炼油厂循环水中的应用

比较了氯气及稳定性二氧化氯溶液在循环水中的杀菌机理及使用条件的差异。应用结果表明：二氧化氯溶液在循环水中作为杀菌剂时,残留细菌数明显低于氯气。     

SJ—10新型油田注水用杀菌剂的研究

针对大港油田的回不,利用数理统计方法,介绍了一种新型油田注水用杀菌剂ＳＪ－１０的研究、作用性能及杀菌机理,并讨论了ＰＨ值及温度对其杀菌性能的影响。实验证明,该杀菌剂能有产儿控制和抑灭回注水中的细菌,其杀菌效率优于油田常规用杀菌剂１２２７,具有杀菌效果好,适应性强、低毒、使用方便、价格低等特点,是一种新型有效的杀菌剂。     

二氧化氯在油田污水处理中的应用研究

由于二氧化氯具有良好的氧化杀菌作用,可以有效地去除油田污水中铁、硫等具有腐蚀性和结垢性的还原性物质,以及杀灭油田污水中的细菌微生物。考察了它在油田注水采油中应用情况,展示了它在油田注水采油中应用前景。     

Novel Air Purification System for Installation in Air Handling Units： Development, Assembly and Experimental Analysis

Nowadays, people pass 90% of their time in closed spaces, therefore, an increasing care in the creation and upkeep of healthier environments as a personal and as professional level become a major issue. The present project has as goal the verification and optimization of the implicit need of an OCRAMclima~ AHU （air handling units） in IAQ （indoor air quality） and its effectiveness in treatment and/or air purification, having as basis the legal national and European requirements for IAQ. This work was based on the study of the state of the art of the techniques in air purification and in the evaluation of their performance, culminating in the production of the prototype OCRAMclima~ NPS （nano purifying system）. The purifying phenomena involved are UVGI （ultraviolet germicidal irradiation） and catalytic ionization of air. The performance test was accomplished in a closed loop circuit, which results, obtained by an independent IAQ analyst, were satisfactory, indicating the viability of application of this system to indoor air disinfection. The outcome revealed that the conjugating of both phenomena, the air sterilizing by UV and catalytic ionization, is efficient when used for air purification, mainly for volatile organic compounds and bioaerosols.     

二氧化氯复合解堵工艺的研究及应用

介绍了二氧化氯的物理性质 ,详细分析了二氧化氯复合解堵的工艺原理 ,通过室内试验评价了二氧化氯对油田常用几种有机聚合物的降粘、降解作用及对 SRB、 TGB的杀菌效果 ,在东辛油田 9口注水井的现场应用表明 ,经济效益和社会效益非常显著 ,值得推广应用。     

The efficacy of chemical sanitizers on the reduction of Salmonella Typhimurium and Escherichia coli affected by bacterial cell history and water quality

Washing fresh produce with potable water helps to remove microorganisms, providing about a 1- to 2-log reduction, but this process can also pose an opportunity for cross-contamination of bacteria in the washing tank. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of three chemical sanitizers, sodium hypochlorite, chlorine dioxide, and a silver-copper solution on the reduction of S. Typhimurium and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) E. coli as well as to evaluate the impact bacterial cell history and water quality had on sanitizer efficacy. This was investigated with three scenarios representing different contamination routes and history of cells: (i) on starved and non-starved cells in potable water, (ii) on starved and non-starved cells in lettuce wash water and on lettuce leaf punches, and (iii) on non-starved cells in organically loaded process wash water (PWW). Sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) and chlorine dioxide (ClO₂) were more effective in preventing cross-contamination in the potable water than the silver-copper solution. Starved and non-starved bacterial cells displayed minor differences in their susceptibility to sanitizing agents in the (i) potable water and (ii) lettuce wash water demonstrating that other conditions greater influenced sanitizer efficacy. Particularly, the organic load of the water, wash water temperature, and pathogen attachment and release from the produce were shown to affect a sanitizer's efficacy during washing. Furthermore, results emphasize that chemical sanitizer use should focus more on wash water disinfection, rather than produce decontamination, to prevent pathogenic cross-contamination during processing. Future research should investigate the feasibility of ClO₂ application during pilot-scale processing.     

二氧化氯处理油田回注水工艺

针对中原油田回注水中细菌易产生抗药性,难以控制的问题,提出了应用二氧化氯处理油田回注水工艺。经室内评价及现场试验,二氧化氯可杀死回注水中的细菌,控制微生物生长,同时该工艺可降低现有回注水污泥残渣产出量的50%,减少污泥对环境的污染,提高注水水质。     

二氧化氯解堵技术

针对老油田长期开采后,多数油水井均出现产量和注水量下降的现象,利用二氧化氯解堵技术解除压裂液、钻井液滤液中有机高分子堵塞、去除铁垢、杀死细菌达到解堵的目的.对二氧化氯的物理性能、解堵原理研究表明,二氧化氯是一种强氧化剂,可以有效解除油井的细菌、铁硫化物及聚合物的腐蚀及堵塞.二氧化氯解堵技术主要适用地层存在垢堵、乳化堵、压裂液损害、聚合物堵塞、细菌、FeS堵塞等有机无机复合堵塞;地层能量较高,物性较好;堵塞原因复杂,常规措施无效.现场应用表明,二氧化氯能有效地控制油田污水中的细菌,其他水质指标则受影响较小;二氧化氯能氧化分解铁硫化物,使油井恢复生产,并对原油性质影响小.介绍了二氧化氯解堵工艺,同时提出了二氧化氯解堵技术存在的问题.     

Accelerated oxidation during air flooding in a low temperature reservoir

To ensure the safety of application of air flooding in a low temperature reservoir, the accelerated oxidization of oxygen and the crude oil is studied at low temperature. The stabilized chlorine dioxide solution can be used as a type of catalyst, which can accelerate the reaction rate of oxygen and the crude oil to decrease the concentration of remaining oxygen when the gas reaches the production well. The experimental results of oxidization show that O₂ concentration is greatly reduced and CO₂ concentration is greatly increased on condition with catalyst. In addition, the amount of heavy components can be further reduced and the amount of light components can be further increased. These can ensure the safety of application of air flooding in low temperature reservoir. The experimental results of adaptability of the accelerated oxidation under different water saturation show air flooding can be better used in the low-temperature reservoir with low water saturation on condition with catalyst but cannot be used in the low-temperature reservoir with high water saturation. The experimental results can provide theoretical basis for the application of air flooding in a low-temperature reservoir.     

N80S抗硫油管钢在含CO2、微量H2S及高浓度Cl^-腐蚀介质中的腐蚀行为

用失重法、扫描电镜（SEM）、能谱分析（EDS）及X射线能谱（XRD）对N80S抗硫油管钢在CO2、微量H2S及高浓度Cl^-条件下的腐蚀破坏进行腐蚀实验研究,结果发现,在实验条件下,微量H2S的存在对反应系统影响较大;在膜的形成过程中硫化物腐蚀产物膜（FeS、FeS0.9）会优先形成,并进一步阻碍具有良好保护性的FeCO3腐蚀产物膜的形成;腐蚀产物膜疏松、平均腐蚀速率较大,且有轻度局部腐蚀发生。溶液中高浓度的Cl^-及材料中高含量的Cr元素会使N80S抗硫钢局部腐蚀倾向加大。