棕榈油在金华酥饼皮中的应用研究北大核心CSCD

为提高金华酥饼的品质和健康安全性,并降低其生产成本,以改善酥饼皮的油脂组成为切入点,通过加入部分棕榈油来代替原本单一的菜籽油。将5℃棕榈液油、24℃棕榈液油和45℃棕榈硬脂与菜籽油分别按1∶3、1∶1和3∶1混合并制作酥饼皮,通过油脂相容性研究、产品感官与质构评价分析棕榈油的合理添加量。结果表明:5℃棕榈液油与菜籽油完全相容,而24℃棕榈液油和45℃棕榈硬脂与菜籽油在室温下存在共晶现象;混合油脂中5℃棕榈液油的添加量达到75%、24℃棕榈液油的添加量达到50%或45℃棕榈硬脂的添加量达到25%时,可保证制作的金华酥饼在感官、质构方面与传统金华酥饼相近。     

棕榈油在金华酥饼皮中的应用研究

为提高金华酥饼的品质和健康安全性,并降低其生产成本,以改善酥饼皮的油脂组成为切入点,通过加入部分棕榈油来代替原本单一的菜籽油。将5℃棕榈液油、24℃棕榈液油和45℃棕榈硬脂与菜籽油分别按1∶3、1∶1和3∶1混合并制作酥饼皮,通过油脂相容性研究、产品感官与质构评价分析棕榈油的合理添加量。结果表明:5℃棕榈液油与菜籽油完全相容,而24℃棕榈液油和45℃棕榈硬脂与菜籽油在室温下存在共晶现象;混合油脂中5℃棕榈液油的添加量达到75%、24℃棕榈液油的添加量达到50%或45℃棕榈硬脂的添加量达到25%时,可保证制作的金华酥饼在感官、质构方面与传统金华酥饼相近。     

棕榈仁油干法分提工艺实践

为开发代可可脂系列产品,介绍了采用油盘冷房结晶-高压膜压滤机过滤的精炼棕榈仁油干法分提生产棕榈仁硬脂工艺。对该工艺操作控制要点进行了说明,并对生产中的一些问题进行了讨论,将该工艺制备的棕榈仁硬脂及其氢化硬脂与天然可可脂和商业氢化棕榈仁硬脂代可可脂产品质量进行了对比。原料油主要质量指标为酸值(KOH)≤0.3 mg/g、碘值(I)16～19 g/100 g、熔点25～28℃和固体脂肪含量(25℃)≥18%。适合的工艺条件为预冷温度29～30℃,预冷时间3 h,冷房温度17～19℃,冷房结晶时间6～8 h,油结晶温度25～27℃,过滤压力0～0.3 MPa、挤压压力1.6～1.8 MPa。产品主要质量指标为酸值(KOH)≤0.3 mg/g、碘值(I)5.6～7.5 g/100 g、熔点30～34℃、固体脂肪含量(30℃) 34%～44%。采用该工艺所得棕榈仁硬脂的熔点和固体脂肪含量与天然可可脂相当,氢化后产品在25～30℃的固体脂肪含量高于商业氢化棕榈仁硬脂代可可脂。     

固华温度对棕榈油熔点影响

测定棕榈硬脂（PalmStearin）、棕榈油（PalmOil）和棕榈液油（PalmOlein）在不同固化温度下的熔点,指出对于不同棕榈油脂样品的熔点测定应控制其适合的固化温度。     

利用棕榈油制备速冻食品专用油脂

以棕榈硬脂和棕榈液油为原料,开发适用于速冻食品的专用油脂生产技术及配方。将棕榈硬脂与棕榈液油按质量比1∶1复配,用于制备速冻食品专用油脂。通过正交实验分析,确定了专用油脂制备的最佳条件为:复合乳化剂(丙二醇酯与单甘酯质量比为1∶1)添加量为油质量的1%,乳化温度60℃,乳化时间10 min,油水质量比5∶1。在最佳条件下,制得的专用油脂的乳化稳定性为92.2%。     

不同油脂熬制的火锅底料熬煮过程中的油脂质量变化

对棕榈液油菜籽油复合油脂(5度棕榈液油、8度棕榈液油、菜籽油体积比3∶2∶3)、棕榈硬脂牛油复合油脂(棕榈硬脂与牛油体积比1∶2)、菜籽油以及牛油熬制的火锅底料在熬煮过程中的油脂质量变化进行研究。结果表明:4种火锅底料在熬煮过程中油脂过氧化值、酸值和丙二醛含量均出现增长的趋势,火锅底料基础油脂质量直接影响火锅底料熬煮过程中的油脂质量;随着熬煮时间的延长,4种火锅底料中油脂不饱和脂肪酸含量均降低,棕榈液油菜籽油复合火锅底料、菜籽油火锅底料经熬煮16 h后,其油脂中反式脂肪酸含量明显升高。     

棕榈油冷冻效果的条件探讨与分析

探讨精炼棕榈液油与未精炼棕榈液油的冷冻效果的差异,得出棕榈液油在精炼过程中产生了足以使棕榈液油的冷冻效果直线下降的反式脂肪酸.从中启示棕榈液油在精炼过程中,相对于其他油脂,其脱色剂的量不应太大,温度不应太高,时间不应太长,精炼程度不应太深.     

大豆油调和不同熔点棕榈液油的冷藏试验

为了制备适应不同储存温度的豆油-棕榈液油调和油,以大豆油与不同熔点棕榈液油为原料,采用冷藏试验方法优化抑晶剂种类、用量和调和油配方。结果表明,羟基硬脂精是效果最佳的抑晶剂,其最佳添加量为0.025%;调和油1(豆油70%+10℃棕榈油30% +羟基硬脂精0.025%)在0℃环境下储存可保持16h以上澄清透亮,在5℃条件可保持72h以上澄清透亮;调和油2(豆油70%+18℃棕榈油30%+羟基硬脂精0.025%)在10℃环境下可保持30h以上澄清透亮;调和油3(豆油60%+18℃棕榈油40%+羟基硬脂精0.025%)在15℃环境下可保持20h以上澄清透亮;调和油4(豆油60%+24℃棕榈油40%+羟基硬脂精0.025%)在20℃环境下可保持10h以上澄清透亮。     

乳化剂对氢化棕榈仁油硬脂等热结晶行为影响研究

该文通过研究分别添加有1%(w/w)单甘油脂、磷脂、Span60的氢化棕榈仁油硬脂等热结晶行为,发现在30℃等热结晶条件下单甘油脂、磷脂、Span60均能促进氢化棕榈仁油硬脂结晶,等热结晶动力学分析表明:氢化棕榈仁油硬脂在三种乳化剂作用下存在不同结晶成核机制。     

进口精炼棕榈液油密度差异对计重的影响

植物油密度是计算植物油质量的重要参数,运用数理统计方法,研究了进口精炼棕榈液油装货港计量密度与实验室计量密度差异对植物油计重的影响。结果表明：一些进口精炼棕榈液油装货港计量密度与实验室计量密度存在显著差异,在相同温度下其装货港计量密度比实验室计量密度高出0.3%以上,导致实到货物质量比船方计量质量短缺0.3%以上。针对密度虚高引起的进口植物油短重现象,提出了改进措施与建议。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press