基于智能安全帽数据的仪表识别算法

为了电厂巡检人员能够使用智能安全帽完成巡检任务基于智能安全帽数据采集系统建立先验模型,匹配和透射变换仪表识别算法。该算法同时适用于线性和非线性刻度类指针式仪表,且不受仪表形状和量程的影响。实验结果显示仪表指针角度的最大误差为正负2°,检出率高达99.9%。该算法拥有运算速度快,读数精度高,鲁棒性强的特点,为工作人员的巡检任务提供了便利。     

指针式仪表读数的机器视觉智能识别方法

为快速准确地自动识别指针式仪表读数,采用机器视觉技术,结合减影法和Hough变换法对仪表读数进行智能识别.对指针式仪表图像进行图像二值化、形态学处理和边缘检测预处理;利用Hough变换检测仪表中的指针,计算得到指针方向和定位圆形,实现指针式仪表的智能识别.实验结果表明:读数识别的平均相对误差为0.91%,精度较高,能较好地识别指针式仪表读数.     

基于卷积神经网络的指针式仪表识别

目前大部分研究指针式仪表识别的方法中提取指针是完全基于传统的图像处理技术,提取过程较为复杂且步骤繁多.为了有效解决指针式仪表读数识别中指针中轴线所在直线提取困难及识别精度不高等问题,本文提出了一种基于深度学习的指针式仪表的识别方法.首先用Faster R-CNN算法检测仪表圆盘,再采用基于深度学习的方法Faster R-CNN算法检测指针,根据得到的指针目标框的位置信息裁剪得到指针图像,在指针图像的基础上进行二值化、细化、霍夫变换检测直线、最小二乘法拟合直线等步骤识别仪表最终读数.和直接在仪表表盘目标框图像或原始图像上进行传统图像处理相比很大程度上减少了定位指针中轴线所在直线过程中的干扰.实验结果表明本文所提出的基于深度学习的指针检测的平均准确率高达96.55％.对于复杂背景下指针式仪表的指针区域的检测具有良好的准确性与稳定性.     

多尺度边缘检测在仪表读数识别中的应用

提出一种基于小波变换的多尺度边缘检测算法,并将其应用到仪表指针图像的边缘检测中.结合电力系统中指针式仪表智能读数的需求,完成了智能仪表读数识别系统的软硬件设计.实验结果表明,该系统识别精度较高,具有一定的应用价值.     

变电站指针式仪表自动读数系统设计

针对变电站指针式仪表人工抄表存在易受工作人员主观因素影响,常发生漏检、误检,存在工作环境辐射危害大等问题,设计一种由巡检机器人和图像处理技术组成的变电站指针式仪表自动读数系统。该系统以STM32芯片为核心,由工字电磁传感器、双自由度云台、高清变倍相机以及ESP8266等组成的巡检机器人,能精确定位在仪表前对仪表图像进行采集并传回计算机终端。由计算机终端通过改进的区域卷积神经网络（Faster Region Convolutional Neural Networks,Faster R-CNN）目标检测算法提取出仪表盘高清图像,去除冗余信息后经霍夫变换检测出指针中心线位置,得出仪表读数。     

一种适用于变电站巡检机器人的仪表识别算法

该文提出一种改进的适合智能变电站巡检机器人室外工作环境的变电站仪表设备的读数识别算法.首先针对各个不同种类的仪表设备图像,进行设备模板化处理,并在模板库中建立各仪表的min刻度和max刻度的位置信息.对于机器人实时采集的仪表设备图像,在后台服务中调取相应设备的模板图,利用尺度不变特征变换(SIFT)算法,在输入图像中匹配提取仪表表盘区域子图像.而后对表盘子图像进行二值化、仪表指针骨干化处理,利用快速霍夫变换(fast Hough transform)检测指针直线去除噪音干扰,定位指针精确位置和指向角度,完成指针读数.此算法经过国内某500 kV智能变电站巡检机器人实地测试,各种仪表综合识别率超过99.2％,对仪表的读数具有高精度高鲁棒性,完全满足该智能变电站推进无人值守的仪表设备读数自动检测识别的要求.     

基于智能巡检机器人的变电站双针仪表读数识别及其算法

随着变电站智能化发展,很多变电站巡检机器人投用,目前巡检机器人对仪表巡检读数工作效率低.巡检机器人拍摄位置出现偏差导致仪表图像质量下降,影响仪表自动读数.研究变电站指针仪表检测,自动读数算法,实现巡检机器人智能读表方法.采用深度学习CRNN模型,简化人工建模步骤,数字表计识别率达99％以上,算法经某500kv变电站巡检...     

非均匀光照下指针式仪表自动判读算法设计

拟合人眼视觉机制提出了非均匀光照下指针仪表图像的预处理算法,在此基础上进一步设计了座舱指针式仪表自动判读算法。首先对仪表盘图像进行亮度均衡、二值化变换,再将指针细化,然后根据改进的Hough变换提取目标信息,确定座舱指针式仪表的读数。实验结果表明,该算法有效地解决了在非均匀光照情况下的飞机座舱指针式仪表自动判读,降低了判读误差。     

基于视觉显著性的指针式仪表读数识别算法

针对指针式仪表读数算法对光照变化影响较大、识别精度不高的问题,提出一种基于视觉显著性区域检测的指针式仪表读数方法.首先利用区域对比度、空间关系、中心先验性等视觉显著性区域检测先验知识,提取仪表图像指针区域;然后用无向图排序算法进行优化,抑制非指针区域的干扰,突出指针区域;再通过依次旋转仪表指针图像统计旋转不同角度时仪表指针图像在纵轴上的投影最大值,计算指针至平行于横轴需要旋转的角度,并判断指针旋转至平行于横轴时指针顶部区域与底部区域在横轴上的投影最大值在仪表图像中位置,获取指针与横轴的夹角;最后采用最小二乘法拟合指针夹角与指针刻度之间的线性函数参数,计算仪表读数.实验结果表明,该方法在不同光照下能较好地提取指针区域,得到的仪表读数与人工读数误差较小,算法稳定可靠.     

一种用于海上平台缆控注水井的多类型指针式仪表识别方法

通过摄像头对海上平台缆控注水井现场巡检时,需要能够自动读取仪表数据。为了实现不同类型指针式仪表的识别,提出了一种用于海上平台缆控注水井的多类型指针式仪表识别方法。首先,构建模板图像数据库,对每个模板图像进行预处理并绑定其参数信息,使用改进的YOLOv5模型检测待测仪表图像的模板类型,读取模板图像和其对应的参数信息。然后,进行模板匹配定位仪表位置,获取指针角度并计算仪表数值。实验结果表明,本文所提出的方法能够识别不同类型的指针式仪表,识别效果显著,定位表盘位置准确,指针角度和读数精度更高。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.