口服透明质酸对小鼠佐剂性关节炎的作用

目的:探讨口服透明质酸(HA)对小鼠佐剂性关节炎(AA)的治疗作用。方法:将40只6周龄的雄性小鼠随机分成4个小组,正常组、模型组、HA组和双氯芬酸钠组。通过给模型组、HA组和双氯芬酸钠组小鼠右后足注射弗氏完全佐剂(FCA)建立佐剂性关节炎模型,经连续4周口服透明质酸进行治疗后,分别对小鼠的体质量、足跖厚度进行测量,观察小鼠膝关节肿胀程度并评分,同时采用酶联免疫吸附实验(ELISA)检测小鼠血清中白介素-1(IL-1)和HA的含量。结果:口服HA能显著降低小鼠足跖厚度和关节炎指数,同时血清中IL-1和HA含量亦显著降低;并且各项指标与双氯芬酸钠无显著性差异。结论:口服透明质酸能有效地缓解小鼠膝关节的肿胀,降低血清中IL-1的含量,增强活动能力,因而对小鼠佐剂性关节炎具有良好的治疗作用。     

硫酸氨基葡萄糖对口服透明质酸缓解小鼠佐剂性关节炎的增效作用

目的：探讨硫酸氨基葡萄糖（glucosamine sulfate,GS）对口服透明质酸（hyaluronic acid,HA）缓解小鼠佐剂性关节炎的增效作用。方法：将50 只8 周龄ICR雄性小鼠随机分成5 组：正常组、模型组、HA组、GS组和HA＋GS组。除正常组以外,其余4 组小鼠左后足注射弗氏完全佐剂（freund’s complete adjuvant,FCA）建立佐剂性关节炎模型,然后进行4 周的HA和GS口服给药,并分别对小鼠体质量、足跖肿胀度进行测定,同时采用酶联免疫吸附法（enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA）检测小鼠血清中白细胞介素-1（interleukin-1,IL-1）及肿瘤坏死因子-α（tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α）的含量。结果：口服HA和GS都能够减轻小鼠的足跖肿胀度,而同时口服HA和GS能起到更好的消肿效果,血清中IL-1及TNF-α的含量也显著降低。结论：给予小鼠口服HA＋GS,比单独服用HA、GS能更有效、更快地缓解小鼠的足跖肿胀症状,同时能够降低血清中IL-1及TNF-α含量,进而对小鼠佐剂性关节炎起到更好的治愈效果。     

透明质酸纯化技术研究进展

对透明质酸的季铵盐纯化法、板框过滤法、离子交换层析法、凝胶过滤柱层析法、离子交换树脂法和超滤膜法等纯化方法的研究进展进行综述。     

透明质酸在食品中的应用

本文介绍了透明质酸的口服吸收机制、保健功效和在各国食品行业中的应用情况,并展望了其发展趋势。     

透明质酸的制备及其应用的研究进展

透明质酸(hyaluronic acid,HA)作为一种线性黏多糖,其在人体内分布广泛,发挥着重要的生理功能作用,由于其独特的理化性质和生理功能,在保健品、化妆品、医药等方面应用广泛.2021年我国批准HA作为新资源食品原料,了解其制备及分离纯化方法对推动其产业化发展很有必要,本文综述了HA的生理功能、不同来源HA的制...     

透明质酸制备方法研究进展

透明质酸(Hyaluronic acid,简称HA)是一种酸性粘多糖,可用于眼科微手术、关节炎治疗、高级化妆品等领域。综述近年来透明质酸的提取和合成等制备方法。     

海藻糖和透明质酸对膜脂双层的保护及其作用机制

根据冻干脂质体药物保存率、粒径变化、玻璃化温度(Tg)以及磷脂与糖类相互作用,考察海藻糖和透明质酸(HA)的保护作用及其作用机制。冻干-再水化过程中,海藻糖、乳糖、蔗糖、HA以及海藻糖和HA复配物均能抑制脂质双层融合与药物泄漏。HA单独使用时保护作用较低,而与海藻糖组合后作用高于两者单独使用。海藻糖与磷脂间存在相互作用,该作用可能是海藻糖的-OH与磷脂PO2-形成的氢键。海藻糖和HA复配可以充分发挥两者的互补作用,即海藻糖的"水替代"作用与HA的"玻璃态"作用有机结合,因此保护效果最佳。     

杂豆膳食纤维生理功能及其作用机制研究进展

杂豆膳食纤维因具有良好的降血糖、降血脂以及调节肠道菌群结构等作用受到广泛关注。杂豆膳食纤维通过改善胰岛素抵抗、提高胰岛素敏感性,调控消化酶的活性、抑制葡萄糖吸收以及改善氧化应激与炎症反应等途径降低血糖水平;通过减少胆固醇的吸收、促进胆固醇的排泄,抑制内源性胆固醇的合成以及增殖肠道益生菌等途径降低血脂水平。对杂豆膳食纤维生理功能及作用机制进行系统分析和总结,为杂豆膳食纤维相关功能食品的研发和应用提供依据。     

新资源食品-透明质酸

综述透明质酸口服给药的保健功效及其作为一种新资源食品的前景。     

新资源食品——透明质酸

综述透明质酸口服给药的保健功效及其作为一种新资源食品的前景。     

Antioxidant Capacity and Antioxidant Content in Roots of 4 Sweetpotato Varieties

Abstract: The antioxidant contents (β-carotene, chlorogenic acid, and vitamin C) as well as the antioxidant capacity (ORAC, FRAP, and ABTS) of 4 sweetpotato varieties were measured in this study. The sweetpotato varieties were cultivated under different water regimes and also subjected to thermal processing. The results show that the 2 orange-fleshed varieties (Resisto and W-119) contain significant more β-carotene, chlorogenic acid, and vitamin C than the 2 cream-fleshed varieties (Bosbok and Ndou). Thermal processing decreased the carotenoid and vitamin C content of all the varieties but increased the chlorogenic acid content and antioxidant capacity. Drought stress appears to increase the β-carotene, vitamin C, and chlorogenic acid contents as well as the antioxidant capacity of some of the sweetpotato varieties, especially W-119.     

槲皮素-丙酮醛加合产物抗氧化性及抗蛋白糖基化活性

以槲皮素与丙酮醛（methyglyoxal,MGO）形成的单加合产物（MM-1）和二加合产物（DM-2）为研究对象,通过亚铁还原能力及油脂诱导时间测定实验评价加合产物的抗氧化能力;利用气相色谱法测定加合产物对油脂体系中产生的MGO和乙二醛（glyoxal,GO）的抑制效果;模拟食品加工条件建立卵白蛋白-葡萄糖体系,模拟生理条件建立牛血清白蛋白-葡萄糖体系,运用气相色谱法和荧光光谱法通过对体系中MGO、GO及荧光性晚期糖基化终产物的测定,考察加合产物对两个体系的抗蛋白糖基化活性。结果表明：槲皮素-MGO的加合产物依然具有一定的还原能力和抗油脂氧化能力以及抑制油脂产生MGO、GO的活性。对食品加工中的卵白蛋白和生理条件下的牛血清白蛋白的糖基化均具有一定的抑制效果,活性依次为DM-2＜MM-1＜槲皮素,且呈剂量依赖性。可见槲皮素在蛋白糖基化过程中,捕获MGO后的产物依然具有活性发挥后续抗氧化和抗蛋白糖基化功效。     

抗氧化能力的体外测定方法研究进展

水果、蔬菜、茶叶和红葡萄酒等食品被认为对人体健康具有积极的作用,其主要原因在于这些产品中的一些天然产物具有抗氧化作用。随着对天然抗氧化物质的关注程度不断提高,研究者开发出许多种体外抗氧化能力测定方法。常用的体外抗氧化测定方法有:总氧自由基清除能力法、还原能力测定法、ABTS自由基清除能力法、DPPH自由基清除能力法、羟自由基清除能力法、超氧自由基清除能力法和脂质过氧化法等。这些方法的反应原理和反应环境各不相同。作者系统地介绍了体外各种抗氧化能力测定方法,分析了这些方法的原理、特点和优缺点,并且对现行方法在实际中的应用现状和研究动态进行了评述。     

6个草莓品种营养品质与抗氧化能力研究

本研究对6个草莓品种的质量参数(可溶性固形物、可滴定酸和硬度)和营养参数(总酚、类黄酮、花青素、抗坏血酸、VE和抗氧化能力)进行测定与分析,目的在于筛选具有较高营养价值的草莓遗传资源。研究表明,总酚是草莓抗氧化作用的重要物质基础,花青素与抗坏血酸是草莓抗氧化能力的主要组成参数。在6个草莓品种中,红太后的营养品质表现最好,是培育高含量生物活性物质新品种的重要遗传资源,然而基因型是决定草莓营养品质的重要因素。     

脱氢醋酸钠对断奶仔猪抗氧化能力的影响

研究食品添加剂脱氢醋酸钠对动物抗氧化能力的影响。以仔猪作为实验动物模型,选用10 日龄哺乳仔猪（杜×长×大）192 头,随机分成4 组（每组4 个重复,每重复12 头）,饲喂不含脱氢醋酸钠的基础日粮（对照组）、基础日粮中分别添加脱氢醋酸钠0.02%（实验组Ⅰ）、0.1%（实验组Ⅱ）和0.2%（实验组Ⅲ）的日粮,实验期42 d。结果表明：与对照组相比,1）仔猪51 d体质量,Ⅲ组显著降低13.26%（P＜0.05）,Ⅰ、Ⅱ组无显著差异（P＞0.05）;2）Ⅲ组仔猪血清超氧化物歧化酶（superoxide dismutase,SOD）活力极显著降低（P＜0.01）,总抗氧化能力（total antioxidant capacity,T-AOC）显著降低（P＜0.05）,而Ⅰ、Ⅱ组仔猪血清抗氧化指标均无显著差异（P＞0.05）;3）仔猪肝脏丙二醛（malondialdehyde,MDA）含量,除Ⅲ组外,Ⅰ（P＜0.01）、Ⅱ（P＜0.05）组均有明显升高。因此,日粮中添加0.2%脱氢醋酸钠,明显降低仔猪的抗氧化能力,食品中使用高剂量脱氢醋酸钠存在一定的健康风险。     

Effects of Fining Agents on Antioxidant Capacity of Red Wines

The antioxidant capacity of wine depends not only on the grape variety but also on the wine processing steps. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of different fining agents, used at different concentrations, on the antioxidant status of fined wines. The results demonstrated that the use of a combination of gelatin and Kieselsol led to the highest total phenol value (3,491 mg/L GAE) and antioxidant activities (29%) among the tested fining agents. Wines were mostly negatively affected by the use of egg white as an agent and led to the lowest value of total phenol (3,038 mg/L GAE) and the lowest rate of antioxidant activity (26%). Significant differences (p<0.05) were determined between gelatin, egg white, and the control groups. The results of the grouping of analyzed parameters in n‐dimensional space, with different fining agents at different concentrations, demonstrated the importance of a low concentration of fining agents for high antioxidant activity and total phenols.     

Rapid Fruit Extracts Antioxidant Capacity Determination by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy

ABSTRACT: The antioxidant content of fruits have made them a desirable component of the human diet. Several wet chemistry techniques, including the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC_FL) assay, have been reported for measuring the antioxidant activities of fruit. In this study, we investigated the use of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to measure fruit antioxidant activity. Flavonoid-rich extracts from 5 blueberry, 5 grape, and 6 blackberry genotypes were obtained by methanol-water-formic acid (60:37:3, v/v/v) solvent. The total antioxidant capacities of the fruit extracts were determined by the ORAC_FL assay, and the FTIR spectra of the fruit extracts were collected. Partial least squares (PLS) regressions with cross-validation was conducted on 128 spectra of extracts and their corresponding ORAC_FL values to obtain a calibration model for predicting the antioxidant activity of the extracts. Spectra from an additional 16 extracts were used as an external validation set for the model. A good calibration model ( R ²= 0.97) for antioxidant activity was obtained with satisfactory predictive ability (root mean standard error [RMSE] = 5.35) using the spectral region 2000/cm to 900/cm. Cross-validation procedures indicated good correlations ( R ²= 0.94) between ORAC_FL assay values and FTIR estimates. The ratio of the standard deviation of the data to the standard error of validation (RPD) values were above 5.0 for blueberry, grapes, and the combined extracts in the external validation set indicating that the calibration model was suitable for quantifying fruit extracts antioxidant activities. This study shows that an FTIR technique would be suitable for rapidly measuring fruit extract antioxidant activity.     

混合鸭梨酒中感官品质和抗氧化性能比较

将山楂、黑布林李子、巨峰葡萄、富士苹果、猕猴桃、南果梨、冬枣、磨盘柿、雪花梨、库尔勒香梨、茌梨等11种水果与鸭梨分别混合酿酒,对64个果酒样品进行了感官评定,并对其中的多酚、Vc含量及抗氧化指标进行比较。结果表明,根据感官评定及抗氧化性能比较,山楂、黑布林李子、巨峰葡萄、富士苹果适于与鸭梨进行混酿,山楂与鸭梨进行混酿效果最佳;混合梨酒中多酚类物质含量与原料果汁中含量呈线性关系,但果酒中Vc含量与原料果汁间相关性较低;混合梨酒的抗氧化性能高于原料果汁。     

Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Capacity of Brazilian Passiflora Seed Oils

The seed oils of different varieties of 4 Passiflora species cultivated in Brazil were analyzed and compared regarding their physicochemical parameters, fatty acid composition and the presence of minor components, such as phytosterols, tocopherols, total carotenoids, and phenolic compounds. The antioxidant capacities of the oil extracts were determined using the 2,2'azinobis [3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐6‐sulfonic acid] and oxygen radical absorbance capacity methods. The results revealed that all studied Passiflora seed oils possessed similar physicochemical characteristics, except for color, and predominantly contained polyunsaturated fatty acids with a high percentage of linolenic acid (68.75% to 71.54%). Other than the total phytosterol content, the extracted oil from Passiflora setacea BRS Pérola do Cerrado seeds had higher quantities (% times higher than the average of all samples), of carotenoids (44%), phenolic compounds (282%) and vitamin E (215%, 56%, 398%, and 100% for the α‐tocopherol, β‐tocopherol, γ‐tocopherol, and δ‐tocopherol isomers, respectively). The methanolic extracts from Passiflora setacea BRS Pérola do Cerrado seed oil also showed higher antioxidant activity, which was positively correlated with the total phenolic, δ‐tocopherol, and vitamin E contents. For the first time, these results indicate that Passiflora species have strong potential regarding the use of their seeds for oil extraction. Due to their interesting composition, the seed oils may be used as a raw material in manufacturing industries in addition to other widely used vegetable oils.     

荧光分光光度计测定保健食品总抗氧化能力

目的：建立用荧光分光光度计测定总抗氧化能力的方法。方法：以2,2'- 偶氮二(2- 脒基丙烷)二盐酸盐(AAPH)作为过氧自由基来源,sodium fluorescein(FL)为荧光指示剂,水溶性VE(trolox)为定量标准,荧光值半数衰减时间作为观察指标,测定6 种保健食品的总抗氧化能力。结果：方法的最低检测限为0.22μmol/L,线性回归方程Y=25.432X+2.0625,R2=0.9949,平行性精密度(RSD)3.5%,重复性精密度(RSD)3.9%,加标回收率在90%～104% 之间。结论：用荧光分光光度计可以测定保健食品总抗氧化能力。