负载亚甲基蓝的纳米磁性碳粉修饰电极研制及DNA的测定

采用化学沉积法在碳粉上负载纳米Fe3O4颗粒,吸附亚甲基蓝后吸着在固体石蜡碳糊电极上,制成了亚甲基蓝修饰的磁性电极.研究了在0.1 mol/L的NH4Cl溶液中,DNA对电极上修饰物亚甲基蓝的电氧化还原作用,考察了多种实验条件对峰电流的影响.在-0.6～0.3 V电压下,在0～12 mg/L范围内DNA浓度与Δia成反比,从而实现对DNA的测定.研究了亚甲基蓝修饰的磁性电极的电化学行为.该磁性修饰电极集分离、富集和测定于一身,且所得的修饰电极具有灵敏度高、稳定性好、表面易更新等优点.     

掺杂对纳米SnO2晶化及阻温特性的影响

研究了纯SnO_2及掺入5%at的Cu~( 2),Y~( 3),Si~( 4)的SnO_2纳米微粉晶粒尺寸随温度的变化情况:600℃以前晶粒生长缓慢;600℃以后晶粒长大迅速.掺入Y~( 3),Si~( 4)可有效地抑制晶粒的长大,900℃退火2h晶粒尺寸仍小于30nm.晶粒尺寸下降可使电导温度峰往低温移动,当晶粒尺寸小于5nm时,电导峰出现在170℃附近,而掺杂可使电导温度峰展宽成平台.掺Si的纳米SnO_2,材料在200℃时对乙醇有较高的灵敏度和动态响应.     

纳米磷光探针的超声制备及对铜离子的传感特征

以十二烷基硫酸钠作为乳化剂,在超声辐射作用下,磷光体1-溴-2-(3-丁烯基)萘和甲基丙烯酸发生共聚,形成生物兼容性的聚甲基丙烯酸基纳米磷光探针.粒径分布在(40±10)nm的探针大约85%.该纳米探针具有很好的水溶性,在溶解氧存在下,产生较强的磷光发射信号.铜离子对磷光信号具有较好的选择性猝灭作用,检出限在10-7 mol/L水平,可望用于生物条件下的铜离子传感.     

玻璃体系对铜浆性能的影响

本文采用熔融-水淬法制备了SiO2-B2O3-Bi2O3、SiO2-B2O3-ZnO和SiO2-B2O3-CaO 3种体系的无铅玻璃粉,根据玻璃粉的XRD和差热分析结果,分析并讨论了玻璃析晶、成玻化程度及玻璃转化温度Tg对铜浆性能的影响,并通过SEM观察了铜膜的表面形貌,验证了以上分析。结果表明:SiO2-B2O3-CaO体系的无铅玻璃粉具有良好的成玻性和合适的玻璃转化温度,采用该体系作为铜浆的玻璃相,铜浆性能较好。     

基于概率神经网络的钛钢爆炸复合棒材拉剪性能分类

研究基于超声信号的机器学习方法在钛钢爆炸复合棒材拉剪性能分类中应用。提出基于超声信号特征值的概率神经网络（Probabilistic neural network, PNN）评估分类方法,首先获取120组工件样本的水浸超声检测全序列A扫信号,对该信号进行时域分析和改进的协方差功率谱密度估计,得到钛钢上结合层深度、上复合层的反射频率、频谱能量、下复合层的反射频率、频谱能量以及下表面二次反射波衰减等6种特征值作为PNN输入;然后进行拉伸试验得到拉剪强度值作为PNN输出;最后以96个样本特征信号和拉剪强度值建立分类训练模型,其余24个样本超声特征信号作为测试集,对这些样本的拉剪强度值进行分类预测。实验结果表明,连续24次预测准确率为94.35%。本文研究为实现钛钢爆炸复合棒材拉剪性能快速、全覆盖检验找到新思路。     

碳化硅直接键合机理及其力学性能研究

随着碳化硅(SiC)材料的MEMS器件在恶劣环境测量中的应用前景和迫切需求,进行了碳化硅的直接键合实验.研究了工艺条件对键合样品力学性能的影响,同时借助激光共聚焦扫描显微镜(CLSM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)和拉曼光谱仪等对碳化硅键合样品界面的微观结构进行了分析.结果表明:退火温度和加载压力是影响键合效果的关键性因素.当退火温度为1 300℃,加载压力为3 MPa和退火时间为3 h时,此时键合样品的气密性非常好,力学性能达到最佳,键合强度2 MPa.最后通过样品微观界面分析表明碳化硅直接键合的机理为界面氧化硅过渡层的形成及粘性流动与碳化硅和碳化硅的熔融直接键合.     

基于脑功能网络分析的孤独症儿童辅助干预效果研究

脑功能网络是分析复杂网络之间连接关系的一种有效方法, 对脑功能障碍分析具有重要意义. 本文基于频域Granger因果分析的定向传递函数(Direction-transfer function, DTF), 构建了各频段的脑功能网络. 采用图论方法分析最佳阈值下经颅直流电刺激(Transcranial direct current stimulation, tDCS)干预前后孤独症(Autism spectrum disorder, ASD)儿童脑网络的平均度、全局效率和平均局部效率等特征, 并对比了经颅直流电刺激对孤独症儿童脑功能状态辅助干预效果. 结果发现刺激前组在各频段的图论特征均低于刺激后组($P<0.05$), 其中Theta频段和低-beta频段的局部效率统计性差异显著, 表明在一定程度上tDCS干预是ASD儿童治疗的有效手段.     

Design and performance characterization of electronic structure calculations on massively parallel supercomputers: a case study of GPAW on the Blue Gene/P architecture

Density function theory (DFT) is the most widely employed electronic structure method because of its favorable scaling with system size and accuracy for a broad range of molecular and condensed‐phase systems. The advent of massively parallel supercomputers has enhanced the scientific community's ability to study larger system sizes. Ground‐state DFT calculations on ∼ 10³ valence electrons using traditional algorithms can be routinely performed on present‐day supercomputers. The performance characteristics of these massively parallel DFT codes on > 10⁴ computer cores are not well understood. The GPAW code was ported an optimized for the Blue Gene/P architecture. We present our algorithmic parallelization strategy and interpret the results for a number of benchmark test cases.Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Analysis on Effectiveness of SO2 and NO2 Emission Reduction in North China Plain by OMI Data during the Military Parade 2015

During the military parade 2015(September 3rd),emission control measures were implemented in Beijing and surrounding areas.To evaluate the effect of these measures,we use theplanetary boundary layer SO2 column densities and tropospheric NO2 column densities observed from the satellite instruments OMI in this study.We preprocessed satellite data and calculated the average of time and space from August 1 to September 20 in Beijing,JingJin Ji region and surrounding regions (Shandong,Henan,Shanxi and Inner Mongolia).Finally,we plotted SO2 and NO2 space distributions of Beijing and North China Plain.We analyzed the space distribution of North China Plain SO2 and NO2 concentration during the period of the military parade 2015.It shows that both SO2 column densities and NO2column densities reach the minimum during the period of the across the board emission reductions.Compared to the past three years (2012-2014),NO2 and SO2 column densities were found to manifest significant reductions over North China Plain.During the period of emission reductions (Aug. 20Sep. 3),the study showed about 18% and 46% reduction of NO2and SO2 concentration in the JingJin Ji region and decrease of NO2 by 10% and SO2 by 37% in the surrounding regions.However,air quality plummeted after the lifting of local and regional joint emission source control measures.Compared to the past three years,it showed increase of NO2 by 19% and SO2 by 1% in the JingJin Jiregion.SO2 concentration increased by 30% over Beijing especially.It suggests the effectiveness of regional joint emission source control measures.Our study indicates that the emission source control measures were effective in Beijing and surrounding provinces during the military parade.With the advantage of real time and large scale,observation from space could be applied to atmospheric pollution monitoring and assessment of emission control measures.     

控制电缆分布电容对控制回路的影响分析及处理

在远距离交流继电控制回路中,若以多芯屏蔽电缆作为线路的信号传输导线,其芯线和导线的屏蔽层间或芯线与芯线间的分布电容在一定条件下可导致自动控制回路产生误动作和误显示。本文将就屏蔽控制电缆的芯线与屏蔽层间的分布电容电流对控制回路的影响进行分析。     

施肥对水稻生物学性状和土壤氮素平衡的影响

盆栽试验表明，氮素化肥和有机肥对水稻生物学特性影响差异明显。按同等养分量施化肥比单施有机肥明显增产；有机肥施用达到一定量后可以提高土壤中氮素含量，而化肥对于土壤氮素提高不明显。     

Computer-aided design of the effects of Cr_2O_3 nanoparticles on split tensile strength and water permeability of high strength concrete

In the present paper, two models based on artificial neural networks and genetic programming for predicting split tensile strength and percentage of water absorption of concretes containing Cr2O3 nanoparticles have been developed at different ages of curing. For purpose of building these models, training and testing using experimental results for 144 specimens produced with 16 different mixture proportions were conducted. The data used in the multilayer feed forward neural networks models and input variable...     

Effect of bed height and use of hands on trunk angular velocity during the sit-to-stand transfer

The ability to rise from a chair or bed is critical to an individual's quality of life because it determines functional independence. This study was to investigate the effect of bed height and use of hands on trunk angular velocity and trunk angles during the sit-to-stand (STS) performance. Twenty-four older persons (median age 74 years) were equipped with a body-fixed gyroscopic sensor and stood up from a bed adjusted to different heights, with and without the use of hands at each height. Peak angular velocity and trunk range of motion decreased with increasing bed height (all p ≤ 0.038) and were lower using hands during STS transfer indicating less effort. In conclusion, gyroscopic sensor data of the STS transfer of older persons show differences as an effect of bed height and use of hands. These results provide the rationale for recommending a relatively high bed height for most of the older persons.