糖源蜜、花源蜜和市售蜂蜜品质的比较研究

该文对糖源蜜、花源蜜以及市售蜂蜜(黑蜂雪蜜、洋槐蜂蜜、天然蜂蜜、紫云英蜂蜜)的水分含量、电导率值、色度、果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖、pH值、游离酸、总酸和蛋白质含量等基本理化成分以及矿物质含量、淀粉酶活性、总酚酸含量、总黄酮含量等活性成分进行测定.结果表明:糖源蜜、花源蜜以及市售4种蜂蜜的基本理化成分含量均符合我国国家标准,表...     

不同蜜源蜂蜜挥发性成分差异分析

为考察不同蜜源蜂蜜挥发性成分差异,采用固相微萃取结合气相色谱与质谱联用技术对8种不同蜜源蜂蜜成分进行鉴定分析。结果表明:8种蜂蜜的挥发物中共鉴定59种挥发性化合物,椴树蜜中有30种,荆花蜜中有21种,荆条蜜中有16种,苕子蜜中有18种,洋槐蜜中有24种,野山花蜜中有27种,野酸枣蜜中有24种,枣花蜜中有32种。聚类分析结果表明,不同蜜源的蜂蜜相似度不大,通过主成分分析(principal components analysis,PCA)结果表明,壬醛和生物碱乙酸甲酯作为潜在特征标记物,可以区分不同蜜源的蜂蜜,为鉴定不同蜜源蜂蜜奠定基础。     

Selected Physical Properties of Lime Bee Honey in Order to Discriminate Between Pure Honey and Honey Adulterated with Glucose

The refractive index, conductivity, optical rotation, thermophysical parameters, and infrared spectra of bee honey samples, as well as the content of β-carotene and potassium, were determined with a view to discriminate between pure honey and honey adulterated with glucose. The glass transition temperature and the optical rotation may be used for qualitative assessment of honey adulteration with glucose. Another indication of lime honey adulterated with glucose was the β-carotene content below 20 ppm and the potassium content below 200 ppm. The minimum detectable amount of glucose adulterant was 25 g in 100 g honey.     

蜂蜜啤酒的研制

通过正交试验确定以蜂蜜、大米和麦芽为主要原料生产蜂蜜啤酒的最佳生产工艺。结果表明,基于传统啤酒工艺,在麦汁冷却前添加采用0.1μm的超滤膜过滤的、糖度为12.0±0.2°P的稀释蜂蜜浆液,添加量为3%(v/v),发酵液充氧量为12 mg/L;酵母添加量为满罐后13×106个/mL麦汁;发酵温度为10℃;低温存储时间为7 d。该工艺条件下酿制的啤酒产品的非生物稳定性及芳香风味均较好,具有明显的酒花香和蜂蜜味。     

蜂蜜的结晶及液态蜜的生产

本文研究了蜂蜜结晶的机理，并提出液态精制蜜的生产。对于蜂蜜加工企业和消费者有很好的参考价值。     

椴树蜂蜜多糖和多花种蜂蜜多糖加工特性的比较

本文旨在研究不同蜂蜜多糖的加工特性,探究种类对蜂蜜多糖加工特性的影响。本文制备椴树蜂蜜多糖（Linden honey polysaccharides,LHP）和多花种蜂蜜多糖（Multifloral honey polysaccharides,MHP）,并对其进行结构、热力学特性和流变学分析,对蜂蜜多糖的加工特性研究。结果表明,LHP和MHP的X-射线衍射出现不明显的突起。LHP和MHP的重量损失分别为85.05%和81.3%,热降解温度分别为236.7和322 ℃;LHP和MHP均表现出一个较宽的放热反应峰,分别在75和72 ℃附近;LHP和MHP在高剪切速率下粘度分别在1.3和1.2 mPa·s保持不变;LHP和MHP的持水量分别为1.6和0.4 g水/g;LHP和MHP的持油量分别为18.8和11.4 g油/g。这表明两种蜂蜜多糖具有良好的抗热特性及粘度,为蜂蜜多糖在功能性食品及天然药物开发等领域的应用提供理论支持。     

蜂蜜淀粉酶在鉴别蜂蜜掺假中的应用研究

针对蜂蜜掺假和造假的问题，本文通过测定蜂蜜粗蛋白、蛋白质含量和淀粉酶值，研究储存温度和时间对蜂蜜淀粉酶值和蛋白质含量的影响，寻找一种简单有效、客观公正的鉴别真假蜂蜜的方法。比较研究结果表明在高温(37℃、45℃)下贮存，天然蜂蜜的淀粉酶值和蛋白质的含量逐渐下降，而假蜂蜜中的淀粉酶值和蛋白质的含量基本不变。通过跟踪测定蜂蜜淀粉酶值和蛋白质含量的变化可以检测蜂蜜产品的质量，也可以鉴别真假蜂蜜。     

一种蜂蜜香精的制备

选取天然蜂蜜,对其以同时蒸馏萃取法提职其挥发性成分,经GC-MS分析,鉴定出45种物质.根据其分析结果,结合调香经验,调配出天然感良好的蜂蜜香精,不仅香气逼真,而目味道良好.     

Purification of Amylase from Honey

The major amylase in honey was concentrated by ultrafiltration, isolated by ultracentrifugation and gel filtration, and purified by ion‐exchange chromatography. The amylase activity was in the flow‐through fraction of the anion‐exchange column, suggesting a high isoelectric point (>7.4) for the enzyme. The enzyme fraction from the anion‐exchange chromatography was loaded onto a cation‐exchange column, and the amylase activity was eluted as a single band at 50 mM NaCl. The purification factor after this step was 531‐fold. The purified enzyme was an a‐amylase, as determined by thin‐layer chromatography, with a molecular weight of 57000 Da according to sodium dodecyl sulfate‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS‐PAGE). The results supported the concept that amylase in honey had a high degree of similarity with bee amylase.     

利用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术分析蜂蜜蛋白质行为

拟采用蛋白质电泳技术对蜂蜜的电泳行为进行分析,以探索蜂蜜蛋白质行为,为蜂蜜真伪鉴别开辟一条新途径,测定不同品种、不同产地的蜂蜜与掺假蜂蜜蛋白质含量以及SDS-PAGE电泳行为。结果表明：不同品种、不同产地的蜂蜜其蛋白质含量与电泳行为有明显的差异;掺假蜂蜜蛋白质含量明显低于真蜂蜜,但二者的SDS-PAGE谱图差别不大。     

电磁净化蜂蜜

文中介绍了电磁净化蜂蜜的初步实验 ,佐证了该技术对食品保鲜和稳定的有效性。     

蜂蜜发酵酒的研制

对蜂蜜酒发酵条件进行优化研究,并通过正交试验确定了最佳的发酵条件:氮源用量为2.0g/L;营养盐0.30 g/L;发酵pH4.5.所得蜂蜜酒酒体丰满,甜酸适口,绵柔爽顺,醇厚协调,具有独特的风格.经理化分析该酒的酒精度最高为13.57％(体积分数).     

Honey as an environmental marker

Contents of Zn, Cd and Pb in honey samples (15) from the Pomeranian region were determined by atomic absorption spectrometer AAS. The mean values for Zn, Cd and Pb were 7.76, 0.015 and 0.048 mg/kg, respectively. Also determined in the honey samples were invert sugar, sucrose, HMF, diastase activity, pH, electrical conductivity, moisture and mechanical pollutions. Pomeranian honeys were of good quality, but they were not free of heavy metals. Results suggested that honey may be useful for assessing the presence of environmental contaminants.     

粉末化蜂蜜的研制

本研究采用喷雾干燥法来制备粉米化蜂蜜,选用麦芽糊精作为辅料降低蜂蜜的黏度.通过正交试验优化出最佳喷雾干燥工艺参数为进风口温度165℃.进料速率15 mL/min,出风口温度100℃下进行喷雾干燥,最佳配方为蜂蜜与麦芽糊粕质量比为1∶1.2.蜂蜜粉末的容量是0.828±0.005g/ml枷,休止角为26.61±0.09°.     

一种蜂蜜香精的制备

选取天然蜂蜜,对其以同时蒸馏萃取法提取其挥发性成分,经GC-MS分析,鉴定出45种物质。根据其分析结果,结合调香经验,调配出天然感良好的蜂蜜香精,不仅香气逼真,而且味道良好。     

蜂蜜解晶技术及异态蜂蜜研究

介绍了蜂蜜结晶的原因及结晶形成过程、影响蜂蜜结晶的因素,综述了蜂蜜解晶的技术方法和利用蜂蜜结晶特性研制异态蜂蜜的前沿动态。     

芦荟金银花蜂蜜复合功能营养口服液的研制

以芦荟、金银花、蜂蜜为主要原料,研制复合功能营养口服液。对加工过程的护色、酶解和稳定剂选择等进行了探讨。试验表明葡糖酸内酯为最佳护色剂,添加量为0．05mg／ml;β-环糊精为最佳稳定剂,其添加量为0．1％;使用α-淀粉酶和果胶酶进行酶解,得到芦荟汁的流动性好;通过正交实验和感官评定确定了复合营养口服液的最佳配方：芦荟汁（v／v）20％,金银花汁（v／v）10％,蜂蜜（v／v）1．00／01元贞糖0．3mg／ml。产品具有芦荟和金银花的天然风味。     

超高效液相色谱测定蜂蜜及其制品中的苯甲酸、山梨酸

研究蜂蜜及其制品中的山梨酸与苯甲酸两种防腐剂的提取净化及其超高效液相色谱检测方法。样品用水溶解,超声波辅助提取样品中的山梨酸与苯甲酸。样液经高速离心,滤膜过滤后,采用超高效液相色谱梯度洗脱与二极管阵列检测器测定样品中的山梨酸与苯甲酸的含量。以BEH Shield RP18(2.1mm × 100mm,1.7μm)为色谱柱,以0.02mol/L 乙酸铵溶液和乙醇为流动相梯度洗脱,两种防腐剂在4min 中内实现较好的分离。方法检出限：苯甲酸为2.5mg/kg,山梨酸为2.0mg/kg。以加标样品做添加回收率测定,苯甲酸与山梨酸的回收率分别为94.1%～102.3% 和96.2%～99.8%,相对标准偏差均小于5%。方法简单、快速准确、灵敏度高是一种较好的定性和定量方法。     

Identification of Flavonoids in Sunflower Honey

The flavonoids of sunflower honey were isolated and analyzed by different methods: RP-TLC, RP-HPLC/UV-Vis (diode array detection) using post-column derivatization, GC/SM. Five main compounds were identified as pinocembrin (5,7-dihydroxyflavanone), pinobank-sin (3,5,7-trihydroxyflavanone), chrysin (5,7-dihydroxyflavone), gal-angin (3,5,7-trihydroxyflavone) and quercetin (3,5,7,3′,4′-pentahydroxy flavone). Two minor flavonoids were also detected: tectochrysin (5-hydroxy-7-methoxyflavone) and kaempferol (3,5,7,4′-tetrahydroxy flavone). All these compounds had been previously reported in propolis, another hive product. Honey is a source of flavonoids in the human diet. Flavonoid structures may provide an index of floral origin with further study.