贝叶斯网络在液压系统可靠性分析中的应用

贝叶斯网络具有双向推理功能,不但可以计算系统的可靠性指标,而且还能进行故障诊断的反向推理。通过与或门故障树算例验证了贝叶斯网络正向推理方法与故障树分析方法的计算结果是相同的。将贝叶斯网络应用于塔式起重机液压系统可靠性分析中,建立故障树并将其转化为贝叶斯网络,利用桶排除法计算出顶事件发生概率,利用反向推理求得各部件在顶事件故障发生条件下的后验概率,得到系统薄弱环节,为提高系统可靠性提供依据。     

基于贝叶斯网络和灰关联法的多态液压系统故障诊断

提出基于贝叶斯网络和灰关联法并综合考虑根节点后验概率和故障诊断处理成本的故障诊断方法。考虑根节点故障状态的多态属性,利用贝叶斯网络推理求得根节点后验概率,利用模糊子集描述故障诊断处理成本,通过灰关联法建立故障诊断决策矩阵,计算故障诊断决策方案的灰关联度,进而确定故障决策方案的搜索序列以得出系统故障原因。通过液压系统实例,分别求解出半故障状态和故障状态下的故障诊断序列,同时也验证该方法的可信度和可行性。     

基于模糊贝叶斯网络的多态系统可靠性分析及在液压系统中的应用

为使贝叶斯网络能够对模糊信息和不确定信息进行处理,提出一种新的基于模糊贝叶斯网络的多态系统可靠性分析方法。该方法将模糊集合理论引入到贝叶斯网络可靠性分析中,考虑部件故障状态、部件故障率的模糊性以及部件间故障逻辑关系的不确定性,使贝叶斯网络具有处理模糊信息的能力。该方法采用模糊数描述系统和部件的故障状态,利用模糊子集描述部件的故障率,运用贝叶斯网络的条件概率表描述部件间的不确定联系。该方法应用到载重车液压悬架系统的可靠性分析实例中,分析结果表明该方法在进行系统可靠性分析时能够充分利用系统的模糊信息和不确定信息,从而提高系统可靠性分析的效率。     

基于证据理论和贝叶斯网络的液压驱动系统可靠性分析

为解决因结构复杂、数据缺乏、人的认知水平不足等导致液压系统存在不确定性,以及液压系统存在多性能、多故障状态等多态性问题,提出了液压系统证据理论和贝叶斯网络相结合的可靠性分析方法。证据理论能够很好地处理不确定信息,利用证据理论的似然概率和信任概率描述根节点的失效可能性区间,解决根节点的故障概率存在不确定性及不易精确获取的问题;利用贝叶斯网络描述系统多态性,运用其推理算法给出了叶节点故障概率区间、根节点重要度区间以及根节点的灵敏度区间的计算方法。将该方法运用到工程机械液压驱动系统中,通过分析表明该方法能够有效地描述不确定性及多态性问题。     

基于T-S故障树和贝叶斯网络的模糊可靠性评估方法

针对贝叶斯网络方法存在的贝叶斯网络模型和节点条件概率表难以构造、根节点故障率和故障概率数据难以精确获取等不足,以及T-S故障树分析方法存在的计算复杂、不能进行反向推理等不足,提出基于T-S故障树和贝叶斯网络的模糊可靠性评估方法:利用T-S故障树构造贝叶斯网络模型、T-S门规则构造节点条件概率表;用模糊数描述节点的多种故障状态,模糊子集描述节点各故障状态下的故障率、故障概率;结合贝叶斯网络推理给出在仅知根节点故障状态条件下,叶节点各故障状态的发生概率、根节点状态重要度;以及已知根节点各故障状态的故障率、故障概率模糊子集条件下,叶节点各故障状态的故障率、故障概率模糊子集,以及根节点模糊重要度、后验概率。通过与文献[5]的T-S故障树分析方法、文献[10]的贝叶斯网络方法对比,验证所提方法的可行性。对巷道运输车液压系统进行模糊可靠性评估,计算根节点状态重要度等可靠性指标,为提高系统可靠性和进行故障诊断提供依据。     

基于贝叶斯网络的复杂系统多态可靠性分析

为了评估多态复杂系统的可靠性,识别系统中的薄弱环节,提出了一种基于贝叶斯网络的多态系统可靠性评估方法。在运用故障树进行分析的基础上进一步将故障树映射为贝叶斯网络。考虑到部件故障状态以及部件间故障逻辑关系的不确定性,该方法运用贝叶斯网络的条件概率描述部件间的不确定联系,采用三状态节点来描述系统和部件不同的故障状态,融合各验前信息计算各底事件和顶事件的发生概率,分析各个底事件对系统整体可靠性的影响,并计算各事件的重要度指标,通过分析查找系统的薄弱环节,以应用实例对提出方法的可靠性进行了验证。     

基于BN和T-S模糊故障树的起重机变幅机构可靠性评估

针对汽车起重机变幅机构的复杂性以及故障状态的模糊性,提出了一种模糊贝叶斯网络与T-S模糊故障树相结合的可靠性评估方法.首先,通过建立T-S模糊故障树,映射为模糊贝叶斯网络;其次,结合专家利用"信心指数法"得到的底事件的故障概率,正向推理得到顶事件的故障概率以及底事件的重要度,再通过反向推理可以得到系统出现故障后底事件的...     

基于故障树贝叶斯网络的液压启闭机故障诊断方法

针对液压启闭机设备专业性强,故障原因复杂等特点,该研究提出了一种基于故障树建立贝叶斯网络的故障诊断方法。首先建立了液压启闭机系统的故障树,然后将故障树转化为贝叶斯网络,计算出顶事件的发生概率并运用贝叶斯网络推理对可能造成故障的原因进行重要度分析,实例表明该方法能有效克服传统故障树分析法的局限性。     

基于T-S模糊故障树和贝叶斯网络的多态液压系统可靠性分析

为解决T-S模糊故障树分析方法在液压系统可靠性分析过程中运算复杂和只能单向推理的问题,提出一种基于T-S模糊故障树与贝叶斯网络的多态系统可靠性分析方法。根据给出的T-S模糊故障树向贝叶斯网络转化的方法确定贝叶斯网络的模型结构与条件概率表,利用贝叶斯网络的推理算法计算顶事件发生概率、事件后验概率以及底事件重要度。该方法既能进行计算系统可靠性指标及重要度的前向推理,又能进行故障诊断的反向推理,而且计算公式简单。最后通过900t提梁机液压驱动系统工程实例验证了算法的可行性与有效性。     

复杂机械系统故障分析模型研究

将动态故障概率与面向对象贝叶斯网络(OOBN)相结合,在系统结构功能关系和故障模式影响分析(FMEA)的基础上,建立一种适合于复杂机械系统的动态面向对象贝叶斯网络(DOOBN)故障分析模型,该方法考虑了组件故障概率随时间的变化及组件可靠性退化对系统功能状态的影响,诊断模型具有层次性、动态性,利用该模型可以方便的对复杂系统进行故障传播的分析和关联故障的定位。在ISG-发动机上的应用表明该方法既可以简化系统的故障分析模型,又使模型描述更符合系统的实时状态。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

Limits of topographic measurement by the scanning tunnelling and atomic force microscopes

Parameters describing the topographic character of a surface (height, surface wavelength, slope and curvature) can be derived from equivalent sinusoidal profiles. The response of a surface-measuring instrument may be modelled in terms of instrument parameters such as stylus radius, and scanning range and resolution. The performance of the instrument may then be mapped as a zone in amplitude-wavelength (AW) space to show the sinusoidal profiles it is capable of measuring. In a first-order analysis the STM and AFM are considered as equivalent to contact-stylus instruments with a notional stylus radius equal to the tip radius plus the gap. Comparisons between different instruments and types of instrument are readily made by mapping in AW space. The error arising from convolution of the sinusoidal profile with that of the finite tip may be quantified and plotted as contours in AW space.