马来酸酐接枝POE改性SAN树脂的制备与性能研究

利用熔融接枝法制备了马来酸酐接枝乙烯-辛烯共聚物（POE-g-MAH），探讨了过氧化异丙苯（DCP）和马来酸酐（MAH）用量对POE—g—MAH接枝率的影响，得出了最佳的DCP和MAH用量分别为0．10份和2．0份。将不同接枝率的POE—g—MAtt与丙烯腈-苯乙烯共聚物（SAN树脂）共混，发现POE—g—MAH的接枝率越高，对POE—g-MAH／SAN体系的缺口冲击强度的提高越显著。     

PP-g-MAH改性PC/ABS合金的研究

用自制马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯(PP-g—MAH)对PC／ABS舍金进行改性研究。结果表明，PP-g-MAH对PC／ABS合金有明显增容作用，可使合金的缺口冲击强度显著提高，当接枝物中马来酸酐(MAH)含量为5％、引发剂过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)含量为0．27％，PC／ABS合金中PP—g—MAH用量为2．5份时，合金综合性能最佳，其缺口冲击强度可达44kJ／m^2。     

mPE-g-MAH对HDPE/木粉复合材料的改性

采用废木粉填充高密度聚乙烯（HDPE）制备木塑复合材料。采用马来酸酐接枝茂金属聚乙烯（mPE—g-MAH）对复合材料进行增容和增韧，并阐述了它的增容和增韧机理。讨论了mPE—g—MAH用量对复合材料的力学性能如拉伸强度、冲击强度、弯曲强度、弯曲模量的影响。结果表明，mPE—g—MAH不仅可明显提高复合材料的强度和韧性，而且也使材料的弯曲模量有了一定的提高。当其质量分数为16％时，复合材料的拉伸强度、冲击强度分别由原来的16．2MPa和4．5kJ／m^2提高到30．5MPa和9．8kJ／m^2。     

P(St/MAH/BA)改性纳米CaCO3对PS的增韧研究

采用由苯乙烯(St)、马来酸酐(MAH)和丙烯酸丁酯(BA)组成的三元聚合物P(St/MAH/BA)作为纳米CaCO3-的表面改性剂,制备了纳米CaCO3/PS复合材料,并对复合材料的力学性能进行了测试.结果表明,P(St/MAH/BA)作为纳米CaCO3表面改性剂与PS的相容剂能够明显改善纳米CaCO3/PS复合材料的力学性能,经P(St/MAH/BA)改性的纳米CaCO3对PS具有明显的增韧改性作用.     

PP编织袋回收技术研究

研究了苯乙烯－丁二烯嵌段共聚物（SBS），苯乙烯－异戊二烯－苯乙烯接枝共聚物（SIS），乙烯－丙烯酸或丙烯酸酯共聚物（EAA），乙烯－醋酸乙烯共聚的（EVA）和乙烯－辛烯共聚物（POE）几种聚烯增韧剂对废聚丙烯（PP）编织袋回收料的改性效果。研究结果表明，当增韧剂加入量为11份时，SIS的增韧效果最好，悬臂梁缺口抗冲击强度为134.kJ/m^2，比新鲜无规共聚PP13304的缺口抗冲击强度10.8kJ/m^2还高，EAA最低，其缺口抗冲击强度还不到均聚PP1300的缺口抗冲击强度5.8kJ/m^2，其它几种增韧材料的抗冲击强度在1300和1330之间，当用量达到20份时，其抗冲击强度迅速增加，达到15.2kJ/m^2的最高值。     

高分子包覆纳米CaCO3的制备及其在PS中的应用

用丙烯酸（AA）与苯乙烯（St）及丙烯酸甲酯（MA）与苯乙烯（St）共聚包覆改性纳米CaCO3，通过红外光谱及透射电镜对改性前后纳米CaCO3的结构和微观形貌进行了表征，利用改性后的纳米CaCO3填充聚苯乙烯（PS），测试了PS／纳米CaCO3复合材料的力学性能。结果表明包覆改性后的纳米CaCO3对，PS有增强增韧作用。经MA与St共聚包覆改性的纳米CaCO3比用AA与St共聚改性的纳米粒子更能提高PS／纳米CaCO3复合材料的力学性能，其拉伸强度及无缺口冲击强度分别比纯PS提高14％和21％。     

界面作用对HDPE／POE—g—MAH／CaCO3三元复合材料韧性的影响

通过界面改性，制备了以CaCO3为核，马来酸酐接枝（乙烯／辛烯）共聚物（POE-g-MAH）弹性体为壳的高密度聚乙烯（HDPE）／POE—g—MAH／CaCO3三元复合材料。Eh干“核-壳”结干勾的形成，弹性体和CaCO3表现出协同的增韧作用。在相同的POE—g—MAH含量时，与未经表面处理的CaCO3相比，表面处理的CaCO3由于与弹性体形成粘结更强的界面，使得三元复合材料的“脆-韧”转变提前。     

低烟阻燃高抗冲聚苯乙烯的研制

以聚苯乙烯(PS)466F为基体树脂，研究了不同抗冲击改性剂：类苯乙烯弹性体、ABS、POE和苯乙烯类树脂对PS的增韧效果。结果显示，苯乙烯类树脂具有最好的增韧效果，当其含量达到40份时，能使PS体系的简支梁缺口冲击强度达到42．1kJ／m^2。通过添加高效阻燃复合体系，研究了这一体系的低烟阻燃性能。测试结果表明，此PS改性料的简支梁缺口冲击强度可达25．3kJ／m^2，阻燃性能达到UL94 V-0级，具有优良的综合性能。     

CaCO3粒子对PVC／CPE／CaCO3复合材料力学性能的影响

采用SEM及材料力学性能试验方法，研究了表面处理剂品种、CaCO3颗粒直径对PVC／CPE／CaCO3复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明：采用平均粒径为1．36μm并经烷氧焦磷酰氧基钛酸异丙酯(NDZ)和端噁唑啉聚醚(ON337)复合偶联剂处理的CaCO3改性PVC／CPE(100／10)复合材料，可使复合材料的缺口冲击强度明显提高，并在CaCO3含量为10份时达到极大值；此条件下被改性材料的Charpy缺口冲击强度提高75％以上，达到46．3kJ／m^2，而其拉伸强度和弯曲强度变化不明显。当CaCO3颗粒尺寸较大时，即使采用NDZ ON337复合偶联助剂处理，此种CaCO3颗粒对PVC／CPE复合材料也不具备明显增韧作用。     

（PE-HD／SEBS）-g-MAH对PE-HD／木粉复合材料增容的研究

采用转矩流变仪制备出马来酸酐（MAH）接枝PE-HD）／氢化（苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯）共聚物（SEBS）（PE-HD/SEBS）-g-MAH作为PE-HD／共混物木粉复合材料的界面相容剂，并研究了制备过程中转矩的变化，结果表明，体系的转矩随着MAH和引发剂过氧化二异丙苯含量的增加而增加，苯乙烯促进了MAH和PE-HD／SEIKS的反应；通过傅里叶红外分析证实了MAH接枝到聚合物上。（PE-HD／SEBS）-g-MAH能明显地提高PE-HD／木粉复合材料的力学性能，当其添加量为2％（质量分数，下同）时复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度和冲击强度分别增加了157％、146％和145％；扫描电镜也能观察到加入相容剂的复合材料界面粘接非常好，进一步证实了（PE-HD／SEBS）-g-MAH提高了复合材料的界面相容性。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料，介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比，介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序，对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

Inorganic/organic nanocomposite coatings: The next step in coating performance

Inorganic/organic hybrid materials have considerable promise and are beginning to become a major area of research for many coating usages, including abrasion and corrosion resistance. Our primary approach is to prepare the inorganic phase in situ within the film formation process of the organic phase. The inorganic phase is introduced via sol-gel chemistry into a thermosetting organic phase. By this method, the size, periodicity, spatial positioning, and density of the inorganic phase can be controlled. An important aspect of the inorganic/organic hybrid materials is the coupling agent. The initial task of the coupling agent is to provide uniform mixing of the oligomeric organic phase with the sol-gel precursors, which are otherwise immiscible. UV-curable inorganic/organic hybrid systems have the advantages of a rapid cure and the ability to be used on heat sensitive substrates such as molded plastics. Also, it is possible to have better control of the growth of the inorganic phase using UV curing. It is our ultimate goal to completely separate the curing of inorganic and organic phases to gain complete control over the morphology, and hence optimization of “all” the coating properties. Thus far, it has been found that concomitant UV curing of the inorganic and organic phases using titanium sol-gel precursors afforded nanocomposite coatings which completely block the substrate from UV light while maintaining a transparent to visible light. Also, it has been found that the morphology of the inorganic phase is highly dependent on the concentration and reactivity of the coupling agent. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004, in Chicago, IL.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Some Large Wood-Boring Beetles in Southeastern USA

Ethanol and α-pinene were tested as attractants for large wood-boring pine beetles in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina in 2002–2004. Multiple-funnel traps baited with (−)-α-pinene (released at about 2 g/d at 25–28°C) were attractive to the following Cerambycidae: Acanthocinus nodosus, A. obsoletus, Arhopalus rusticus nubilus, Asemum striatum, Monochamus titillator, Prionus pocularis, Xylotrechus integer, and X. sagittatus sagittatus. Buprestis lineata (Buprestidae), Alaus myops (Elateridae), and Hylobius pales and Pachylobius picivorus (Curculionidae) were also attracted to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene. In many locations, ethanol synergized attraction of the cerambycids Acanthocinus nodosus, A. obsoletus, Arhopalus r. nubilus, Monochamus titillator, and Xylotrechus s. sagittatus (but not Asemum striatum, Prionus pocularis, or Xylotrechus integer) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene. Similarly, attraction of Alaus myops, Hylobius pales, and Pachylobius picivorus (but not Buprestis lineata) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene was synergized by ethanol. These results provide support for the use of traps baited with ethanol and (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common large wood-boring beetles from the southeastern region of the USA at ports-of-entry in other countries, as well as forested areas in the USA.