Mg-5.5Al-0.5Y-xSm合金的显微组织和力学性能

采用XRD、OM、SEM和EDS等手段研究了Mg-5.5Al-0.5Y-xSm(x=0~2.0%)合金的显微组织和力学性能。实验结果表明,加入适量的Sm后,合金晶粒和Al2Y相得到细化,Mg17Al12相数量减少,同时基体中出现高熔点相Al2Sm相。随着Sm含量的增加,合金的室温(25℃)和高温(150℃和175℃)力学性能先升高后降低,且在Sm含量为1%时达到最佳。     

轧制和热处理对Mg-11Li-3Al-1.5Si-1.5Nd合金组织与力学性能的影响

通过光学显微镜、扫描电镜、能谱分析及力学性能测试等手段,研究轧制和热处理工艺对Mg-11Li-3Al-1.5Si-1.5Nd合金板材组织和力学性能的影响,探讨其析出相在合金中的作用。结果表明,铸态合金经过均匀化处理后,汉字形貌的Mg2Si相溶入基体,其综合性能大幅下降。但在随后的轧制过程中,合金的力学性能得到双重提升。合金板材经过淬火处理后,晶粒非常细小,主要由β-Li基体和沿轧制方向分布的少量颗粒状Mg17Al12相组成,抗拉强度最大可达344.3MPa。而退火处理后,其仍保留轧制态的组织,但随着退火温度的升高,析出的白色α-Mg相逐渐减少,板材的抗拉强度略微下降,而塑性则呈先升后降再升高的趋势,其中220℃×1h退火板材的塑性最好,其伸长率为73.1%。     

往复挤压Mg-4Al-2Si-0.75Sb镁合金的显微组织与力学性能

研究了在Mg-4Al-2Si-0.75Sb合金中加入微量Sb及往复挤压对其组织与性能的影响,重点探讨了基体组织和Mg2Si相颗粒的细化机制,分析了Mg2Si颗粒对再结晶的影响规律.结果表明:加入0.75wt%Sb后的Mg-4Al-2Si-0.75Sb合金中形成Mg3Sb2相,能有效细化粗大的α(Mg)基体组织和汉字状共晶Mg2Si相颗粒,并抑制粗大的块状初生Mg2Si相颗粒的形成;Mg-4Al-2Si-0.75Sb合金在往复挤压过程中发生受位错攀移控制的动态再结晶,通过晶界迁移、亚晶合并与转动机制形成了更为细小的α(Mg)再结晶等轴晶;随着挤压道次的增加,动态再结晶速度加快,晶粒尺寸迅速减小;挤压8道次后,α(Mg)基体和汉字状Mg2Si颗粒尺寸分别由铸态时的30 μm和10μm减小到1μm和0.8μm,形成了细小、均匀的α(Mg)等轴品组织;挤压过程中,汉字状Mg2Si依弯曲机制而破碎成块状或条状,条状Mg2Si依短纤维加载机制而破碎成块状,块状Mg2Si依剪切机制发生破碎,并随挤压道次的增加而呈细小、弥散分布;合金的力学性能随往复挤压道次的增加而显著提高.     

固溶温度对Al-1.21Si-0.46Mg-0.35Cu-0.06Mn

通过拉伸和电导率试验、扫描电镜、能谱和金相分析,研究了固溶处理温度对汽车车身板用Al-1.21Si-0.46Mg-0.35Cu-0.06Mn铝合金组织与性能的影响规律.结果表明:合金在520℃～560℃之间进行固溶处理时,随着固溶温度的升高,其再结晶晶粒尺寸变化不大,而第二相粒子的数量明显减少;且固溶态合金的伸长率也随着固溶温度的升高而增大,560℃固溶后伸长率最大.同时在560℃固溶后的合金在室温放置两周后经175℃ 30 min人工模拟烤漆,可以获得较高的强度.Al-1.21Si-0.46Mg-0.35Cu-0.06Mn铝合金板材合适的固溶温度为560℃.     

Al-1.3 Si-1.2Mg-0.7Mn-0.6Cu铝合金的回归处理

研究Al-1．3Si-1．2Mg-0．7Mn-0．6Cu合金固溶处理、淬火、室温停放14 d（T4状态）后,再经150℃-262℃,1 min-120 min的回归处理对合金性能和组织的影响。结果指出：T4状态的Al-1．3Si-1．2Mg-0．7Mn-0．6Cu合金,在170℃以下人工时效不超过30 min时,其硬度低于时效前（T4状态）的硬度,欲在30 min之内,获得显著的烤漆硬化效应,烤漆温度不低于170℃。这种合金经T4处理后,再在170℃、190℃、212℃、236℃时效处理,析出具有明显硬化作用的过渡相的时间分别超过60 min、12 min、4 min、2 min。     

快速凝固Al-21Si-0.8Mg-1.5Cu合金时效析出行为

利用单辊旋转甩带法制备快速凝固过共晶Al-21Si-0.8Mg-1.5Cu合金条带,并对其进行时效处理,采用扫描电镜、透射电镜及XRD技术对快速凝固组织特征进行了表征,研究了时效温度对合金组织及硬度的影响.结果表明:在快速凝固条件下,试验合金中初生硅相的形核和析出受到抑制,α相领先析出,合金元素Cu、Mg全部固溶在过饱和α-Al固溶体中;大量的Si过饱和固溶于α中,其余部分以羽毛针列状共晶形式析出,形成微纳米级亚稳的亚共晶结构.时效处理时,随着时效温度的升高,硅元素从基体中脱溶析出并逐渐聚集长大,形成微小颗粒弥散基体之上;试验合金的显微硬度也发生了变化,出现时效硬化现象.     

时效前冷变形对Al-15Zn-0.5Mg-0.5Sc合金组织及力学性能的影响

对热轧态Al-15Zn-0.5Mg-0.5Sc合金进行固溶+时效和固溶+冷轧+时效处理,利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、透射电镜和万能力学试验机等研究了各状态合金的微观组织及力学性能。结果表明,冷轧可使饱和Al-Zn固溶体分解,并动态析出Zn相,同时冷轧还促使合金晶粒细化以及位错增殖。人工时效可使合金内析出高密度η′相,而冷轧所导致的高密度位错促进了析出过程并加速了η′相向η相的转变。时效前冷轧可明显优化Al-15Zn-0.5Mg-0.5Sc合金的力学性能,Al-15Zn-0.5Mg-0.5Sc合金经固溶+冷轧+70 ℃人工时效后,其屈服强度和极限抗拉强度分别为413和462 MPa,其强化机理包括细晶强化、位错强化和析出强化。而120 ℃时效会加速位错湮灭,从而削弱位错强化效果。     

喷射成形Al-8.0Si-4.0Cu-0.5Mg合金的组织及性能

采用喷射成形技术制备了Al-8.0Si-4．0Cu-0．5Mg合金棒材,分析了该合金的组织,研究了台金成形过程中孔洞及疏松的形成情况,测量了合金的力学性能及摩擦性能。结果表明,喷射成形工艺制备的合金具有细小均匀的微观组织结构,固溶、时效处理能够得到良好的弥散强化,具有良好的性能。     

Sm对挤压Mg-6Al-1.0Ca-0.5Mn镁合金微观组织及力学性能的影响

制备了Mg-6Al-1.0Ca-0.5Mn-x Sm(x=0.5,1.5,4.5,质量分数,%)合金,研究了合金的显微组织和力学性能。实验结果表明,随着Sm质量分数的增加,Al_2Sm相主要在晶内析出且体积分数增加,相反Mg_(17)Al_(12)相的体积分数降低;挤压后合金发生动态再结晶,晶粒细化。在室温条件下,含1.5%Sm合金显示了最佳的力学性能,其极限抗拉强度、屈服强度和伸长率分别为316 MPa,148 MPa和21.3%。该合金优异的力学性能主要是由于晶粒细化、Al_2Sm颗粒的弥散强化和减少Mg_(17)Al_(12)相的析出。     

Mechanical properties,microstructure and surface quality of Al-1.2Mg-0.6Si-0.2Cu alloy after solution heat treatment

The effect of solution heat treatment(SHT) on mechanical properties,microstructure and surface quality of Al-1.2Mg-0.6Si-0.2Cu-0.6Zn alloy was investigated by tensile test,Erichsen test,surface topography,scanning electron microscope(SEM) and electron back-scattered diffraction(EBSD).The results indicate that with the increase in SHT temperature,yield strength and cupping test value(I_E) of the sheets increase greatly and reach a peak value,then decrease.Meanwhile,intermetallic compounds dissolve into matrix gradually.The grains grow up as SHT temperature increases,and abnormal grain growth leads to the surface defects after solution-treated above 560 ℃.Considering mechanical properties,I_E value,residual phases,grain size and surface quality of the sheets,SHT temperature for the alloy should not be higher than 550 ℃.     

磷变质对Al-17.5Si-4.5Cu-1Zn-0.7Mg-0.5Ni变形合金初晶硅形貌与室温拉伸性能的影响

研究了磷变质对半连续铸造Al-17.5Si-4.5Cu-1Zn-0.7Mg-0.5Ni变形合金初晶硅形貌与室温拉伸性能的影响。结果表明:磷变质处理后,铸锭(直径100 mm)中初晶硅形核率增加、颗粒分布均匀,其心部初晶硅平均尺寸由未变质处理的37μm细化到19μm;铸态变质处理合金室温抗拉强度为265 MPa,T6状态抗拉强度为345 MPa;实现了大压下量热变形,热变形变质处理合金在T6状态下,抗拉强度达到383 MPa,伸长率为1.15%。     

细化变质处理对铸造Al-7.5Si-4Cu合金力学性能和组织的影响(英文)

研究了单一和复合Al-5Ti-B、RE和Al-10Sr细化变质剂对砂型铸造Al-7.5Si-4Cu合金力学性能、显微组织、细化变质效果及其金属间化合物变化的影响。结果表明:与单一细化变质处理以及铸态相比,经过添加质量分数为0.8%的Al-5Ti-B、0.1%的RE和0.1%的Al-10Sr细化变质剂复合细化变质处理后铸造Al-7.5Si-4Cu合金的力学性能和显微组织都得到了显著改善。对于单一细化变质处理,加入0.8%的Al-5Ti-B中间合金后,合金的抗拉强度和布氏硬度得到大幅度提高,并且细化了α(Al)相。加入0.1%的RE中间合金后,合金的伸长率得到了最大程度的提高。这是因为RE的加入使铝合金熔液而得到净化,同时改变了金属间化合物的形状。而加入0.1%的Al-10Sr变质剂后,合金的屈服强度得到改善,但其他性能的改善有限。Al-10Sr变质剂对共晶硅具有较强的变质作用,但使得铝合金熔体含气量增加并形成严重的柱状晶组织。利用硅相的平均面积和长宽比描述细化变质效果得到的结论与力学性能和组织分析的结果相同。     

Effects of silicocalcium on microstructure and properties of Mg-6Al-0.5Mn alloy

1 Introduction Magnesium alloys are attractive for applications in the automobile, aerospace and electronic industries due to their light mass, high stiffness, high specific strength, good dimensional stability and damping capacity. It is the lightest sp…     

轧制及热处理对医用Mg-2Zn-0.5Nd-0.5Zr合金板材力学性能和耐蚀性能的影响

用挤压轧制方法制备了厚度为1 mm的Mg-2Zn-0.5Nd-0.5Zr合金板材,并对板材进行后续退火和时效热处理,利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、拉伸、电化学以及浸泡试验等研究了不同轧制温度和热处理对板材力学性能和耐蚀性能的影响.结果 表明:轧制温度从280℃升高到330℃,合金中的Nd元素析出量减少,第二相形貌改变,板材塑性和耐蚀性提高,伸长率由9.1％提高到15.2％,腐蚀速率由0.48 mm/y降低到0.28 mm/y.退火后板材伸长率和耐蚀性均进一步提高,其中330℃+T2处理的合金板材的综合性能最好,其抗拉强度和屈服强度分别为235 MPa和158 MPa,伸长率为24.3％,腐蚀速率为0.12 mm/y.时效处理后,合金的晶界处有大量的析出相析出,第二相强化效果显著,330℃+T6组的抗拉强度和屈服强度最高,分别为275.8 MPa和255.5 MPa,但板材伸长率仅为7.6％,腐蚀速率升高到0.43 mm/y.     

微量Zr对不对称轧制Al-0.8Mg-0.9Si合金板织构及性能的影响

本文研究了微量Zr对不对称轧制Al-0.8Mg-0.9Si合金板及其相继固溶处理后的微观结构及性能的影响。结果表明：微量Zr在Al-0.8Mg-0.9Si合金中形成Al3Zr相弥散分布在基体中,在不对称轧制过程中,该化合物相对Copper{112}<111>、Brass{011}<211>、S{123}<634>、E{111}<110>和F{111}<112>等形变织构无明显影响;在随后的固溶处理过程中,轧制板材发生的再结晶使得Copper、Brass、S等形变织构的取向密度降低,但不溶的细小Al3Zr相在一定程度上抑制了不连续再结晶行为,反而使轧制过程中形成的E、F剪切织构的取向密度增加。添加微量Zr所形成的上述结构使该合金板材在固溶后获得较好的综合性能,其抗拉强度、屈强比和延伸率分别可达230MPa、0.49和9.5%以上;塑性应变比r值从0.7提高至0.84,杯突值IE由8.94提高至9.84,各向异性度|Δr|由0.15降低至0.04。     

Effect of artificial aging on the deformation behavior of an Al-1.01Mg-0.68Si-1.78Cu alloy

The influences of artificial aging on the microstructures and mechanical properties of an AI-1.01Mg-0.68Si-1.78Cu alloy were investigated.The detailed fracture surfaces,precipitates,and dislocation structures were also examined through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).The results show that the tensile strengths exhibit two peak values and reach saturated values with increasing aging time,while the elongation decreases sharply to the minimum value and changes slightly later.The deformation and fracture behaviors arc also closely related to the aging conditions.     

Effect of solution treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of as-cast Al-12Si-4Cu-2Ni-0.8Mg-0.2Gd alloy

Effect of solution treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-12Si-4Cu-2Ni-0.8Mg-0.2Gd alloy was investigated. Results show the Si particles become stable and more intermetallic compounds dissolve in the matrix after solution treatment at 500 °C for 2 h followed by 540 °C for 3 h (T4). The skeleton-like Al₃CuNi develops into two parts in the T4 alloy: one is Al₃CuNi which has the framework shape; the other is intermetallics including the Al₃CuNi (size: 5–10 µm) and AlSiCuNiGd phases (size: ≤5 µm) with complex structure. Adding 0.2% Gd can improve the mechanical properties of the alloys after two-step solution treatment (500 °C/2 h followed by 540 °C/3 h), the hardness of the alloy increases from 130.9 HV to 135.8 HV compared with the alloy with one-step solution treatment (500 °C/2 h), the engineering strength increases from 335.45 MPa to 352.03 MPa and the fracture engineering strain increases from 1.44% to 1.67%.

     

Effect of speed-ratio on microstructure, and mechanical properties of Mg-3Al-1Zn alloy, in differential speed rolling

The effect of speed ratio (SR) in differential speed rolling on the development of texture and microstructure in Mg-3Al-1Zn alloy was systematically investigated in a wide SR range between 1 and 3 at a fixed thickness reduction of 20%. At low SRs, deformation bands and shear bands were dominant. At high SRs ≥ 2, however, dynamically recrystallized microstructures were developed. The intensity of the basal texture component increased with SR, but decreased to the level of the starting material at high SRs ≥ 2. The occurrence of the dynamic recrystallization at high SRs was attributed to high-dislocation density accumulation and high temperature rise of a deforming sheet due to large plastic deformation of which amount increased with SR. The basal texture weakening at high SRs was attributed to extensive tension twinning that occurred in the basal-oriented matrix, which is rarely observed in conventional rolling. Due to the positive effect of texture and microstructure, tensile ductility improvement was significant as compared to that by symmetric rolling.