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为了解决高层建筑电梯容纳不下传统担架、人工转移病患效率低和传统担架不能满足病患平躺需求的问题,提出履带式下楼急救车装置,设计了该装置的结构以及布局。通过实地测量和演练,测得了楼梯及缓步台的尺寸并模拟了装置的工作过程,给出了履带安全下楼的充分必要条件。结合"机械控制设计"和"系统控制设计"两大主要控制功能确立整个装置工作过程中的运动机理,从而保证整个转移过程中的安全性和连续性。 相似文献
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《机械制造与自动化》2017,(3):57-59
陆用大型拖曳式地震勘探系统中存在履带行走机构拖曳阻力大、拖曳时履带不转动的问题,研究利用地面力学的原理,提出了一种具有侧向限流块和带凹槽倾斜面履刺的新型履带,并建立了该新型履带与地面相互作用的有限元仿真模型,通过有限元仿真分析,验证了该新型履带具有侧向限流和提高土体抗剪强度的作用,可以有效地减少履带的下陷,从而降低拖曳阻力并解决橡胶履带不转动的问题。 相似文献
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大型液压挖掘机履带行驶系统的传统计算方法精度低、仿真计算的难度大,针对这种状况,提出了一种改进的仿真方法。该方法通过数据表将动力学软件仿真得到的力学参数导入到系统仿真软件SimulationX中进行液压系统仿真计算,对履带前进和后退两种基本工况下的动力学机构仿真结果和液压系统仿真结果进行分析。通过对仿真结果与理论计算结果的比较,证明该方法得到了较好的履带行走系统整体仿真计算精度和较快的仿真计算速度,为大型液压挖掘机履带行走系统的精确设计提供了一种较为实用的方法。 相似文献
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基于Matlab/Simscape建立履带车辆发动机和传动系统的物理模型.基于多体动力学软件RecurDyn建立履带车辆行动部分虚拟样机.通过Simulink和RecurDyn的接口技术,建立了发动机-传动装置-行动装置的履带车辆联合仿真模型.对履带车辆在硬路面进行直驶仿真,得到了换挡时的车速及驱动轮扭矩变化曲线;对履带车辆在硬路面进行无级转向仿真,得到了转向时驱动轮转速曲线和扭矩曲线、车速曲线和履带车辆运动轨迹.仿真结果表明,论文建立的履带车辆联合仿真模型有效可行,为履带车辆动力学仿真分析提供了新的思路. 相似文献
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为了研究主从履带复合式越障机器人的行走系统的稳定性和可靠性,在开发设计的主从履带复合式越障机器人虚拟样机的基础上,对其履带行走系统的力学系统进行原理分析,随后在多体动力学软件Recurdyn环境中设置各种实际参数,对主从履带复合式越障机器人虚拟样机在平地路面环境中的行走状态进行了仿真分析。从仿真结果中可以得出其基本行驶数据等,这些数据充分验证了该样机模型的正确性、可靠性与稳定性,同时研究结果为优化履带系统的结构奠定了理论基础。 相似文献
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S K Guha S Anand 《Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers. Part H, Journal of engineering in medicine》1989,203(1):55-60
Rough terrains with obstacles, narrow staircases and inadequate space to position the ambulance conveniently in relation to the exit door of houses, often encountered in developing countries like India, make it difficult if not impossible to carry patients using conventional stretchers. A novel two-wheeled stretcher to overcome the limitations has been designed, fabricated and tested for a decade. The special features allow even one stretcher operator to transport a patient over all types of ground, down staircases with landings so small as not to provide space for a regular stretcher to turn into and out from the ambulance. This wide range of facilities has been obtained by incorporating very simple and low-cost devices such as a metal guard over two wheels, friction belts and an ergonomically designed tie bar system. Usage in handling various medical and surgical emergency cases has proven the efficacy and acceptability of the design. 相似文献
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Xinxi Xu Meng Yang Nan Jia Deguang Duan 《Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology》2017,31(2):523-533
Our aim was to improve the performance of tracked ambulance nonlinear vibration reduction system by structure optimization design. The structure optimization focuses on the stretcher base. Two structure optimization schemes are proposed based on the mechanism of Dynamic vibration absorber (DVA): Linear and nonlinear structure. The linear structure optimization scheme is finally adopted by comparison of the two schemes under random vibration, and the performance of linear scheme is also verified under shock vibration. Then the global sensitivity analysis method is applied to calculate the parameter sensitivity of nonlinear vibration reduction system. Finally, the Nondominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II) is used to optimize the performance of the nonlinear vibration reduction system. It shows that the vibration energy of the supine human body on a stretcher is reduced after above studies, which proves the validity and feasibility of the structure optimization schemes proposed and the optimization studies applied in this paper. 相似文献
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Sagawa K Inooka H 《Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers. Part H, Journal of engineering in medicine》2002,216(4):247-256
This study considers the subjective evaluation of ride quality during ambulance transportation using an actively-controlled stretcher (ACS). The ride quality of a conventional stretcher and an assistant driver's seat is also compared. Braking during ambulance transportation generates negative foot-to-head acceleration in patients and causes blood pressure to rise in the patient's head. The ACS absorbs the foot-to-head acceleration by changing the angle of the stretcher, thus reducing the blood pressure variation. However, the ride quality of the ACS should be investigated further because the movement of the ACS may cause motion sickness and nausea. Experiments of ambulance transportation, including rapid acceleration and deceleration, are performed to evaluate the effect of differences in posture of the transported subject on the ride quality; the semantic differential method and factor analysis are used in the investigations. Subjects are transported using a conventional stretcher with head forward, a conventional stretcher with head backward, the ACS, and an assistant driver's seat for comparison with transportation using a stretcher. Experimental results show that the ACS gives the most comfortable transportation when using a stretcher. Moreover, the reduction of the negative foot-to-head acceleration at frequencies below 0.2 Hz and the small variation of the foot-to-head acceleration result in more comfortable transportation. Conventional transportation with the head forward causes the worst transportation, although the characteristics of the vibration of the conventional stretcher seem to be superior to that of the ACS. 相似文献
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箱型支撑结构加筋板布局设计方法研究 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
针对箱型支撑结构内部加筋板的布局问题,提出了一种基于密度法的高效设计方法。将箱型结构表示为内部布置有平行分布杆的结构,即所谓的纤维模型;采用密度法对承载外壁的材料分布进行优化设计;根据外壁的材料分布情况,确定箱型结构的内部加筋板。引入纤维模型,将三维实体结构拓扑优化设计问题转化为二维板壳结构的拓扑优化问题,计算量小,设计效率高。通过对典型设计实例的设计分析,说明了该方法的有效性。 相似文献
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仿橡胶多自由度弹性阻尼减振装置研究 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
橡胶具有多自由度弹性阻尼减振特性,但容易老化而失去弹性,首次提出采用多自由度并联机构作为基体辅以稀土永磁及浮动弹性阻尼系统,组合成多自由度弹性阻尼减振装置,模拟橡胶,较好地解决了多自由度的减振问题。以救护车用担架支架三维隔振装置为例分析其隔振要求,采用三自由度并联机构组合弹性阻尼减振装置,介绍其结构及有关参数的设计方法。它与动态模拟及试验结果一致,说明其分析方法是正确的。可推广到其他要求多维减振的设备上,因此对它研究具有理论意义及普遍意义。 相似文献
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针对灾难救援现状,研制开发了一种靠背可调节救援担架车,既可实现伤病员的快速转移,还可利用新型角度可调节靠背用于某些不适合平躺伤病员救治的场合。经过制作使用表明,产品具有操作方便、救援快速、省时省力等特点,特别适合于普通救护车辆不能到达等灾难情况的紧急救援。 相似文献
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骆汉平 《机械制造与自动化》2008,37(6)
一种煤矿井下用多功能救护列车,矿井正常生产时该车辆可作为普通人行车使用,一旦出现人员工伤事故,可通过简便的操作,使该车辆变成一种专供人员救护用的车辆,且可同时在平、斜巷道中通行,从而缩短了伤员运送时间.文章着重叙述了该车辆的设计思想、基本结构和使用方法. 相似文献
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病人搬移设备的机电一体化设计和应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
针对在医院里多数采用人工方法搬移受伤、瘫痪或手术前后病人的状况,提出一种新型的病人搬移设备,介绍了病人搬移设备的机电一体化设计和应用。应用这种设备,护士能独自把病人从病床搬移到担架车上或从担架车搬移到病床上而不改变病人的姿态,减轻了护士的劳动强度, 增加了病人的安全感和舒适度。介绍该设备的开发理念、机械设计和控制系统。基于开发理念,采用了模块化机械结构和嵌入式控制系统的机电一体化设计思想。整体机构由四个模块组成,每个模块又包括上、下两部分皮带驱动单元,共有八个电机驱动。所有控制系统全部安装在设备内部,使得搬移设备和担架车相互独立。提出整体设计和机构组成的方法,并对关键部件进行了计算。设计开发了一种用于该设备的嵌入式新型伺服系统,提出其控制原理和控制算法。同步控制试验和在医院的临床应用试验表明该系统是安全有效的。 相似文献