油酸新戊二醇壬二酸混合酯的润滑性能

以新戊二醇、壬二酸和油酸为原料通过酯化反应合成了一种混合酯,测定了混合酯的流变学性能、生物降解性能和摩擦学性能。结果表明,混合酯的粘度比较高,粘度指数为227,凝点低于-40.5℃,最大无卡咬负荷为784N,其流变学性能、生物降解性能和摩擦学性能优于矿物油。生物降解率大于97%,是一类高粘度的环境友好酯类油。     

椰子油脂肪酸己二酸三羟甲基丙烷复合酯的制备及其润滑性能

为进一步改进椰子油的润滑性能,采用己二酸与三羟甲基丙烷先酯化合成中间体,再与椰子油脂肪酸反应制备椰子油脂肪酸己二酸三羟甲基丙烷复合酯(简称复合酯),并测试复合酯的FTIR红外光谱、流变学性能、热-氧稳定性、摩擦学性能、水解稳定性、海洋微生物降解性等。结果表明:该复合酯具有良好的流变学性能和热稳定性,其40℃的黏度为114 mm²/s,黏度指数为159,倾点为-6℃,热分解起始温度为300℃,能满足较为苛刻的机械工况要求;复合酯还具有良好的摩擦学性能,相同条件下承载能力为椰子油的2.6倍,而且与复配添加剂(二烷基二硫代磷酸锌+十八胺)具有良好的感受性和配伍性能。所制复合酯的水解稳定性高于椰子油,海洋微生物14天的降解率大于80%,是一类性能优良的绿色酯类润滑油。     

油酸新戊二醇邻苯二甲酸复合酯的润滑性能

以邻苯二甲酸酐、新戊二醇和油酸为原料合成了复合酯,测定了复合酯的流变学性能、生物降解性能和摩擦学性能.结果表明,复合酯的粘度范围宽,40℃的粘度在135～331mm2/s之间,粘度指数约为130,凝点低于-38℃,其中聚合度为1.42的复合酯的最大无卡咬负荷为784 N,磨斑直径为0.40 mm,优于矿物油.生物降解率大于75%,热分解温度大于300℃,因此复合酯是一类性能优良的合成酯类油.     

新型可生物降解润滑剂的研制

以植物油为原料合成了两种可生物降解的环境友好的新型酯型润滑剂(A、B合成油)．考察了它们的流变学性能和摩擦学性能，同时考察了A合成油的可生物降解性．试验发现：两种合成油的流变学性能较好，倾点均低于高档合成油季戊四醇酯和VG150撑矿物油的倾点．粘度指数较高(H135．145)。A合成油的摩擦学性能优于季戊四醇酯和VG150#矿物油。B合成油的承载能力优于季戊四醇酯和VG150#矿物油．摩擦系数和磨痕直径与季戊四醇酯手和VG150#矿物油的相当。A合成油经过21天生物降解后降解率高达99．1％，是环境友好的润滑剂。     

苯胺三嗪衍生物的摩擦学性能研究

利用四球摩擦磨损试验机考察合成的2,4-二苯胺基-6-二烷基硫代磷酸酯基-三嗪(PABT)在菜籽油中的摩擦学性能,利用热重分析其热稳定性。结果显示合成的三嗪衍生物具有良好的极压抗磨、减摩性能和高的热稳定性。用SEM和XPS分析其在润滑油中的摩擦学机制,表明在摩擦过程中形成含有FeS,FeSO4,FePO4和有机氮化合物的复合膜保护层,起到极压抗磨作用。     

耐高温合成酯型离子液体润滑剂的制备及性能研究

以航空发动机基础油季戊四醇多元醇酯(5750)与双三氟甲烷磺酰亚胺锂(Li TFSI)为原料,通过"原位"方法制备一系列合成酯型离子液体;分别对合成酯型离子液体的热稳定性、蒸发损失、摩擦学性能以及抗氧化性能进行测试。结果表明:与季戊四醇多元醇酯相比,合成酯型离子液体具有更优异的热稳定性;当Li与5750的量比为1. 5∶1时,离子液体相比5750基础油起始分解温度可提高33℃,50%分解温度可提高99. 4℃,192 h蒸发损失降低61. 9%;当Li与5750的量比为1∶1时,离子液体的高温摩擦学性能最好,摩擦因数和磨斑直径较5750分别减少32%和56%;合成酯型离子液体对胺抗氧剂表现出更好的感受性。     

基于正交试验的含氮硼酸酯铝材轧制润滑油摩擦学性能研究

合成一种新型含氮硼酸酯铝材轧制润滑油添加剂,利用四球试验机考察添加含氮硼酸酯的铝材轧制润滑油的油膜强度、摩擦因数,通过显微镜观察磨斑形貌并测量磨斑直径。利用正交试验法评估极压剂含量、基础油种类、四球试验机载荷和转速对含氮硼酸酯润滑油摩擦学性能的影响,并通过多目标优化设计,对4种参数对铝材轧制润滑油摩擦学性能的强化效果进行综合研究。结果表明:各工艺参数对油样的摩擦学性能影响显著性由大到小依次为极压剂添加量、基础油种类、转速和载荷;经过多目标优化设计,得到的含氮硼酸酯铝材轧制润滑油强化工艺参数的最佳组合:极压剂质量分数为1.0%,基础油种类为D100,载荷为294 N,转速为1 200 r/min;通过极差、方差等分析,发现极压剂添加量和基础油种类对油样的摩擦学性能有显著影响。     

环氧脂肪酸丁酯的合成及其摩擦学性能研究

以菜籽油和正丁醇为原料,采用酯交换法合成了脂肪酸丁酯,再通过环氧化合成了环氧脂肪酸丁酯;测定了合成的环氧脂肪酸丁酯的流变学性能和摩擦学性能。结果表明,脂肪酸丁酯的最佳反应条件为:丁醇与菜籽油比为3∶1,反应温度为115~120℃,反应时间为4 h,催化剂用量为油重的0.15%;环氧脂肪酸丁酯的流变学性能、抗氧化能力和摩擦学性能均优于菜籽油,可作为润滑基础油。     

二硫化钼/丁腈橡胶热氧老化及摩擦性能模拟研究

为研究二硫化钼(2H-MoS₂)对抗氧剂4020和丁腈橡胶(NBR)复合材料热氧老化及摩擦学性能的影响,采用分子动力学(MD)模拟分别建立4020/NBR和MoS₂/4020/NBR复合材料的模型,分析不同温度下2H-MoS₂对热氧老化性能、力学性能和摩擦学性能的影响。结果表明：添加MoS₂后,复合材料的相容性、稳定性和热氧老化性能均得到有效提高,力学性能也得到明显提升,即使在398 K高温下,复合材料也能表现出优异的热氧老化性能和力学性能;与4020/NBR复合材料相比,MoS₂/4020/NBR复合材料在298、398 K温度下的摩擦因数分别减小了约30%和25%,磨损率减小了5%和7%,表明MoS₂可以有效提高NBR复合材料的摩擦学性能。     

聚碳酸脂的热降解性能研究

本文采用TG方法研究了国内外五种PC在空气和N2中的热稳定性，采用动态FTIR方法探讨了热氧降解机理，并以TG方法计算了热降解动力学参数。结果表明，试样的平均分子量越高．分布越窄，端基活性越小，含量越少，分解温度越高。主链酯基的水解为其热氧降解的主要机理。Doyle－Ozawa积分法所得热降解活化能为117.5kJ／mol,幂前因子为1．11×107min(－1)。     

十二酸二乙醇酰胺硼酸酯的制备及其在半合成切削液中的应用

采用十二酸、二乙醇胺和硼酸为原料制备十二酸二乙醇酰胺硼酸酯,采用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪分析其结构。将一定量的该硼酸酯加入基础油中制备一种半合成切削液,分析其腐蚀性能和防锈性能,并通过四球摩擦试验机测试其极压抗磨性能。结果表明;制备的硼酸酯在半合成切削液中具有良好的极压抗磨性能,当硼酸酯的质量分数为11.3%时,5%切削液稀释液的摩擦因数达到0.056,最大无卡咬负荷达到392 N。采用该硼酸酯制备的半合成切削液的各性能指标达到GB/T 6144-2010标准。     

金刚烷甲酸正辛酯的合成及性能研究

以金刚烷甲酸为主要原料,通过氯酰化、酯化两步反应合成金刚烷甲酸正辛酯,分析比较金刚烷甲酸正辛酯的理化性能和氧化稳定性。结果表明:该润滑剂性能指标为黏度指数111,倾点小于-30℃,开口闪点168℃,氧化稳定性208 min,酸值小于0.1 mgKOH/g;金刚烷甲酸正辛酯具有比金刚烷烃油更好的黏温特性,具有比商用酯类润滑油更好的低温流动性,并具有比一般基础油更好的氧化稳定性,但闪点比一般基础油低。     

纳米碳球作为合成酯抗磨剂的摩擦学性能研究

采用表面化学改性的方法得到硬脂酸修饰的纳米碳球,在四球摩擦试验机上考察纳米碳球在合成酯类润滑油中的抗摩擦性能,探讨纳米碳球的抗磨与润滑机制。结果表明,通过表面改性,显著提高纳米碳球在润滑油中的分散稳定性;纳米碳球作为合成酯润滑油抗磨剂表现出优良的抗磨减摩性能;在转速1.200 r/min,载荷150 N的实验条件下,质量分数0.07%的改性纳米碳球可使三羟甲基丙烷混酸酯平均摩擦因数减小幅度达到30%左右,磨损率降低33%,质量分数0.15%的改性纳米碳球可使季戊四醇油酸酯的平均摩擦因数降低幅度达到50%以上,磨损率降低14.6%     

Tribological study and mechanism of B–N and B–S–N triazine borate esters as lubricant additives in mineral oil

The tribological study of N-containing heterocyclic borate esters as lubricating additives had been the research hotspot. In this work, B–N and B–S–N triazine borate esters were synthesized and their antiwear/extreme pressure (AW/EP) properties were studied. Results showed the synthetical additives had good AW performance. However, B–S–N triazine borate ester showed excellent EP property while B–N triazine borate ester hardly owned EP property. The hydrolytic stability of borate ester additives was improved by the formation of coordination of nitrogen to boron. The XANES spectroscopy analysis showed that there was a layer of borate–oxygen–iron inorganics in the tribofilms. The existence of iron sulfate and iron sulfide guaranteed good AW/EP properties of B–S–N triazine borate ester additive in mineral oil.     

Synthesis,Characterization, and Tribological Behavior of Neopentyl Polyol Ester-Based and Mixed Oil-Based Titanium Complex Grease

Four types of titanium complex grease were synthesized using a 3-l reaction vessel, and their friction and wear behavior were evaluated using a four-ball tester in the presence of two base oils: neopentyl polyol ester and a mixture oil of neopentyl polyol ester, 650SN, and epoxidized soy bean oil (4.5:2.5:1), with two compositions: benzoic acid/stearic acid and sebacic acid/stearic acid. The results indicate that mixed oil-based titanium complex grease has excellent tribological properties. Moreover, compositions affect the physical characteristics of titanium complex grease but have little effect on the friction-reduction, antiwear, and load-carrying capability of the same types of oil-based titanium complex grease. In addition, base oils also affect the tribological property of titanium complex grease. Based on scanning electron microscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectrometer of the worn surfaces of steel balls lubricated with the different types of grease, synergistic boundary lubrication was proposed to illustrate the friction-reduction and antiwear properties of titanium complex grease.     

含磷酸酯胺盐官能团硼酸酯衍生物的摩擦学性能研究

将磷酸酯胺盐官能团引入到硼酸酯结构中,得到了一种新型结构的硼酸酯衍生物,并对其结构进行了表征。选择常用的HVIH200加氢基础油,在四球试验机上对添加剂的摩擦学性能进行了评价。结果表明,所制备的硼酸酯衍生物具有良好的水解稳定性,在加氢基础油中具有良好的油溶性;该添加剂在加氢基础油中具有优异的抗磨减摩性能,可以明显提高基础油的承载能力。磷酸酯胺盐官能团化学活性较强,可与金属表面形成易剪切的吸附层,且摩擦过程中所产生磷酸盐的层状结构也保证了其润滑性。     

The Effect of Temperature on Tribological Properties of Chemically Modified Bio-Based Lubricant

Vegetable oil has several characteristics that provide advantages for use as lubricant. This includes a high viscosity index, high flash point, high biodegradability, and friction and wear reduction properties. However, vegetable oil has some disadvantages such as low oxidation stability and low thermal stability. The transesterification process of palm oil using trimethylolpropane (TMP) alcohol has been proven to reduce the oxidation stability of vegetable oil. However, little research has been carried out on the effect of TMP ester as a lubricant in term of friction and wear. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of temperature on the tribological properties of TMP ester using a four-ball machine. The load and speed of the sample were set at 40 kg and 1,200 rpm, respectively. Temperature was varied between 50 and 100°C. It was found that TMP ester improved the friction properties by around 15–20%. At low temperature, TMP esters have a higher coefficient of friction (COF) compared to paraffin oil. However, as the temperature increased higher than 80°C, paraffin oil had a highere COF value. This is because at high temperature, the lubricant filmed formed by fatty acids tends to be less stable and breaks down more easily.     

Amine Phosphates as Antiwear Additives in Neopentyl Polyol Esters

Dialkyl acid phosphates are effective antiwear agents in neopentyl polyol ester lubricants applied to 440C stainless steel sliding surfaces at low loads, but they promote ester deterioration. Various amine salts of three representative dialkyl phosphates were studied to determine if the adverse effect could be reduced without sacrificing antiwear properties. The amine phosphates were generally highly effective in the low load region in four-ball wear tests. They were at least as effective as the parent acid phosphates and appreciably more effective than tricresyl phosphate. Little effect of amine structure on performance was observed. At a higher load, both the acid phosphates and their amine salts had no beneficial effect on wear. The amine phosphates promoted significantly less deterioration of the base ester under four-ball test conditions (266F) than did the dialkyl phosphates. In oxidation-corrosion tests at 3253, however, they were corrosive to copper and adversely affected ester stability.     

油酸修饰纳米铜粉的摩擦学性能研究

采用了液相还原修饰法,在溶液中直接合成了油酸表面修饰的纳米Cu微粒。在四球摩擦擦损试验机上考察了其作为润滑油添加剂在45#变压器油中的摩擦学性能。结果表明:制备的纳米Cu微粒粒径在20~50 nm之间,且分布均匀;较低载荷下,纳米Cu微粒对油品的润滑性能没有影响,当载荷达到600 N以上时,其抗磨减摩性能有显著的提高。XPS分析表明,较高载荷下的摩擦表面形成了单质铜和油酸的沉积膜,正是这层沉积膜的作用使得纳米Cu微粒具有优异的抗磨减摩性能。