高庄煤矿供热系统的改造

高庄煤矿针对原锅炉供热系统存在的问题进行了改造,拆除原锅炉,采用邻矿电厂的富余蒸气作热源,安装热交换器组。改造后保证了供热质量,节约了能源、资源,提高了矿区环境质量,降低了运行维护费用,节省了人力资源,减少了占地面积,节约了各项检查检测费用。     

2010年度工作会议

<正>2010年1月16日—17日,公司召开了2010年度工作会议。会议认真回顾总结了2009年的主要工作,分析了当前的形势和机遇,部署了2010年的工作任务。会上,公司董事长蒋明作了重要讲话,总经理毛绍融作了行政工作报告,党委副书记陈百河作了党委工作报告,副总     

个性营销能否撑起陶瓷企业那片天

前些天在杂志上看到过一个故事,说的是中国人和犹太人的区别,一个犹太人建了一所加油站,生意很好,第二个犹太人来了,就在加油站旁边建了一座购物中心,生意同样很好,第三个犹太人来了,就在旁边又建了一座游乐场,生意照样很好,第四个犹太人来了,就开了一家4S店,生意也是好的不得了,第五个犹太人来了,他建的是公共卫生间,也赚到了钱。可是在我国呢,第一个人建了一个加油站,赚钱了,第二个人看到了,觉得有利可图,也建了一个加油站,结果第三个,第四个,     

石墨电极数控机床常见故障分析

近年来,各炭素企业为了扩大再生产和替换陈旧设备,相继加快了石墨电极机床数字化改造步伐,不仅降低了操作者的劳动强度,提高了生产效率,而且减少了人为误差,提高了控制精度,保证了加工质量.     

碱洗塔洗塔系统的优化

介绍了氯乙烯合成工段碱洗塔洗塔工艺流程,并针对存在的问题对其进行了优化升级,使碱洗塔自控洗塔、配碱,提高了系统的自动化控制水平,节约了水资源,也降低了废水处理系统的负荷,最大限度地提高了碱液的利用率,提高了工作效率,增加了经济效益,     

哈尔乌素选煤厂采用TDS智能干选机的改造及安全生产措施

介绍了TDS智能干选机在哈尔乌素选煤厂的应用现状及现场改造实践,从技术和管理方面提出了安全生产措施,改造后增强了选煤厂系统灵活性和市场适应性,降低了生产费用,稳定了煤质,保证了安全生产,提高了盈利能力,同时确保了生产工人辐射剂量小于一般公众限值,防爆和除尘满足规范和规程要求及煤矿安全生产要求。     

带式过滤机在多品种氢氧化铝生产中的应用

介绍了带式真空过滤机的工作原理及其在多品种氢氧化铝生产方面的应用情况,并对带式真空过滤机使用过程中存在的问题进行了改造。改造之后,提高了洗涤过滤效率,降低了滤饼水分,降低了能耗,提高了产量,确保了产品质量,取得了较好的经济效益。     

焦炉生产操作改进

介绍了焦炉生产中的改进措施,通过改进装煤方式,减少了装煤冒烟;配制新型填料,增强了炉体维护;改进了1M管的冲洗方式;改进炉顶水箱槽的高度;降低上升管底座的高度,杜绝连接处冒烟;改进装煤孔底座。通过采取这些改进措施,大大降低了生产成本,改善了职工的操作环境,降低了职工的劳动强度,提高了职工的工作效率,有效地保障了生产的平稳顺行。     

焙烧炉燃烧系统油改天然气研究与应用

介绍了炭素焙烧炉燃烧系统由燃油改为天然气的过程以及使用效果和效益分析,通过改造真正实现了清洁生产,达到了节能效果,改善了工艺水平,降低了生产成本,提高了生产效率,净化了工作环境。     

黑岱沟选煤厂集中控制系统的升级改造

介绍了选煤厂集中控制系统的结构及功能,分析了黑岱沟选煤厂改造前的状况,阐述了升级改造方案;集控系统升级改造后,全厂实现了智能联动,节约了劳动力,提高了生产效率。     

2010～2011年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2010年7月～2011年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2010～2011年世界塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况。按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚氯乙烯、聚苯乙烯、ABS树脂),工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚),特种工程塑料(聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮),通用热固性树脂(酚醛、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂、聚氨酯)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍。     

Mechanisms Governing Anaphylaxis: Inflammatory Cells,Mediators, Endothelial Gap Junctions and Beyond

Anaphylaxis is a severe, acute, life-threatening multisystem allergic reaction resulting from the release of a plethora of mediators from mast cells culminating in serious respiratory, cardiovascular and mucocutaneous manifestations that can be fatal. Medications, foods, latex, exercise, hormones (progesterone), and clonal mast cell disorders may be responsible. More recently, novel syndromes such as delayed reactions to red meat and hereditary alpha tryptasemia have been described. Anaphylaxis manifests as sudden onset urticaria, pruritus, flushing, erythema, angioedema (lips, tongue, airways, periphery), myocardial dysfunction (hypovolemia, distributive or mixed shock and arrhythmias), rhinitis, wheezing and stridor. Vomiting, diarrhea, scrotal edema, uterine cramps, vaginal bleeding, urinary incontinence, dizziness, seizures, confusion, and syncope may occur. The traditional (or classical) pathway is mediated via T cells, Th2 cytokines (such as IL-4 and 5), B cell production of IgE and subsequent crosslinking of the high affinity IgE receptor (FcεRI) on mast cells and basophils by IgE-antigen complexes, culminating in mast cell and basophil degranulation. Degranulation results in the release of preformed mediators (histamine, heparin, tryptase, chymase, carboxypeptidase, cathepsin G and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and of de novo synthesized ones such as lipid mediators (cysteinyl leukotrienes), platelet activating factor (PAF), cytokines and growth factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Of these, histamine, tryptase, cathepsin G, TNF-α, LTC₄, PAF and VEGF can increase vascular permeability. Recent data suggest that mast cell-derived histamine and PAF can activate nitric oxide production from endothelium and set into motion a signaling cascade that leads to dilatation of blood vessels and dysfunction of the endothelial barrier. The latter, characterized by the opening of adherens junctions, leads to increased capillary permeability and fluid extravasation. These changes contribute to airway edema, hypovolemia, and distributive shock, with potentially fatal consequences. In this review, besides mechanisms (endotypes) underlying IgE-mediated anaphylaxis, we also provide a brief overview of IgG-, complement-, contact system-, cytokine- and mast cell-mediated reactions that can result in phenotypes resembling IgE-mediated anaphylaxis. Such classifications can lead the way to precision medicine approaches to the management of this complex disease.     

Fireclay Refractory Bricks for Hot Blast Stove

This standard specifies the classification, shape, dimension, technical requirements, test method, inspection rules, packing, marking, transportation, storage and quality certification of fireclay refractory bricks for hot blast stove.     

Hydrocarbon components of the yellowheaded spruce sawfly sex pheromone

The primary sex pheromone of the yellowheaded spruce sawfly,Pikonema alaskensis (Rohwer) (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae), was found to include a series of straight-chain hydrocarbon dienes, all with the double bonds in the 9 and 19 positions and all with the (Z, Z) configuration. The major components, of 29, 31, 33, 35, and 37 carbon atoms, were synthesized. In the field and the greenhouse, the synthetic dienes were far above control levels in activity but, at least during the first hours of bioassay, were somewhat less active than the female-derived materials on a weight basis. In the field, a mixture of all five synthetic dienes, in the proportions found in the females, was more attractive than any single one, on a mole basis. In addition, (Z, Z)-9,19 dienes of 28, 30, 32, 34, 36, 38, and 39 carbons have been detected in females in minor amounts. The first five were bioassayed, and each was found to be similar in activity to the 35-carbon component when compared on a weight basis. The synthetic dienes, while active by themselves, were strongly synergized by two, more polar, Florisil fractions derived from females. Experimental design considerations are discussed.     

中低温煤焦油蒸馏过程中金属元素的迁移规律

以中低温煤焦油轻油和重油为实验原料,采用常压蒸馏获得170~200℃、200~240℃、240~270℃、270~300℃、300~320℃、320~340℃、340~360℃和360~390℃煤焦油馏分油;利用配有油品加氧制冷进样系统的ICP-OES测定了21种微量元素在馏分油中的含量,考察了不同馏分油中元素的分布情况。研究表明：在原煤焦油中,未发现Ag、Mg、Mo、Na、Ni、Fe、Mn、Cr及Ti元素,含量较高的元素有Sn、P、Al、Pb、Si,其中Sn元素在轻油和重油中的含量分别为11.78μg/g和14.04μg/g;在所有馏分油中,未发现Al、Mo、Fe、Mn、Cr及Ti元素,含量比较高的元素有Si、Sn、Na、Zn、Pb,特别是Si、Na、Sn、Zn、Ni、Pb及B元素可以有效富集于馏分油中。可能的原因是Ca、Fe、Mg、Al等金属以不同的盐类形态存在,在煤焦油脱水及<170℃蒸馏过程中,这些金属盐类会被部分带出,导致其在馏分油中的含量未富集或未检出;通过关联金属元素在馏分油中的分布与其组成的关系,馏分油中元素的分布可能与酚类化合物、杂环化合物和蒸馏温度等相关。酚类化合物及杂环化合物可能与Ag、B、Cu、Mo、Sn、Na、Zn、Ca、Pb等金属形成络合物或卟啉配合物,蒸馏温度一方面可以破坏Sn、Cd、Pb、Zn、Cu、Ca、Pb等元素在馏分油中的结合力,另一方面也可以促进这些元素与馏分油中的含氧、含氮等化合物更好地发生化合反应,进而影响金属元素在馏分油中的含量分布。     

陶瓷名物探源二则

匋、陶、窑(窯)上古皆读成舌头音,意义又相通,实际为一个意义上先后产生的几个形体不同的字,先民以陶(匋)既称呼窑灶,又指窑灶出品之物,又指制作陶器;坏(坯)、瓶、瓬、瓿、甂、缶、钵、皿、杯(盃)、盆(瓫)均指窑灶所出之物或后世模仿窑灶出品之物,其字皆由重唇音演变而来,亦为同胞兄弟的同源词。     

抗菌防腐剂（Ⅰ）—抗菌防腐剂的历史、定义与分类

简要回顾了抗菌防腐剂的发展历程,进一步明确了杀菌剂,抑菌剂,抗菌剂,防腐剂,防霉剂,消毒剂,杀生剂,保鲜剂,抗生素的概念。同时,结合抗菌防腐剂的发展在对抗菌防腐剂按无机物,有机物和天然物分类的基础上,进一步又按化学结构和官能团将抗菌剂分为有机金属,有机卤代物,醇,酚,醚,醛,酮,醌,酸,酯,含氮类,含硫类,有机磷,有机砷类以及杂环类等。     

典型过程强化技术在纳米材料制备中的应用进展

纳米材料被誉为21世纪的新材料,广泛应用于化工、电子、国防、陶瓷等领域.传统的纳米材料制备方法面临粒径控制较困难、批次间重复性差,存在放大效应等不足.过程强化技术是化学工程学科的研究前沿和热点方向之一,旨在通过在生产过程中采用新工艺、新设备等手段,实现缩减操作单元、减小设备体积、提高生产能力及能量利用效率的目的,是实现...     

Low-molecular weight organic compositions of acid waters from vegetable oil soapstocks

Alkaline extracts (soapstocks) from canola, corn, cottonseed, peanut, soybean, and sunflower oil refining were acidified, and identities and concentrations of the low-molecular weight organic components of the resulting acid waters were determined by gas chromatography, followed by mass spectroscopy, and by high-performance liquid chromatography. The main components of each acid water sample, in order of decreasing concentration and after omitting the fermentation product lactic acid, were phosphoric acid, α-glycerophosphate, and glycerol from canola;myo-inositol, phosphoric acid, α-glycerophosphate andmyo-inositol-1-phosphate from corn; glycerol, α-glycerophosphate,myo-inositol-1-phosphate, and β-glycerophosphate from cottonseed; phosphoric acid, glycerol, andmyo-inositol from peanut; α-glycerophospho-1-myo-inositol,myo-inositol-1-phosphate, α-glycerophosphate, and glycerol from soybean; and α-glycerophosphate, glycerol,myo-inositol-1-phosphate, and β-glycerophosphate from sunflower.     

铋系半导体光催化剂研究进展

铋系半导体材料具有特殊的层状结构以及合适的带隙,具有良好的可见光响应能力以及稳定的光化学特性,作为一类新型的环境友好型光催化剂在环境修复与解决能源危机等领域受到广泛关注,已成为近年来的研究热点。然而,铋系半导体光催化剂距离实际大规模应用仍存在一些亟需解决的问题,如光生载流子复合率高、对可见光谱的响应范围有限、光催化活性较差、还原能力较弱等。本文首先介绍了铋系半导体材料的典型特征、制备方法与反应机理,在此基础上着重阐述了铋系半导体光催化在形貌调控、构建异质结、离子掺杂、碳质材料掺杂、贵金属沉积、染料敏化等改性手段的研究进展以及在降解水体污染物、杀菌消毒、空气净化、制氢、还原CO2、有机合成等领域的应用成果。最后对铋系半导体光催化剂的未来前景做出展望,指出其未来的研究方向应致力于从多手段耦合改性、拓展其应用领域以及深入探究反应机理等方面开展。