漏斗贮料压力计算公式

本文从平衡条件和常系数假定出发，建立贮料压力微分方程，导出了正倒锥漏斗、倒锥漏斗贮料压力计算公式。文中说明，圆柱仓筒贮料压力微分方程为上述方程的特殊情形。本文成果可供筒仓工程设计使用，还可供确定斗口给料机贮料荷载参考。     

漏斗贮料法压力系数研究

该文在作者前一篇论文［５］基础上，提出了法压力系数ζｉ依赖于贮料压力特性指数ηｉ、漏斗倾角α、摩擦系数μ的计算公式，及根据漏斗底部压力ｐｖｉｂ确定ηｉ的方法。还通过理论分析和数值比较，评述了现有法压力系数的２种取值方法。文中给出了模型实验的４组ｐｖｉｂ、ηｉ、ζｉ值及２组法向压力测试数据，采用相应ηｉ、ζｉ值按作者公式计算的法向压力与测试数据相近。作者提供的理论、方法及结果，对于筒仓工程设计具有实用性和针对性     

带倒锥筒仓仓壁及锥体侧压力有限元分析

基于有限元分析软件ABAQUS建立带倒锥筒仓贮料模型,利用其强大的非线性分析功能,解决贮料与筒仓仓壁的接触问题。对静载下筒仓贮料模型进行分析,考察带倒锥筒仓仓壁及锥体侧压力,与规范值进行比较,拟合效果良好,结论可用于指导筒仓结构设计。     

筒仓贮料侧压力系数研究

本文提出一种根据总摩擦力确定筒仓贮料侧压力系数k值的方法,给出了两种仓壁情况下k值测试分析结果及一组筒仓贮料压力模型实验测试数据。文中说明,采用相应测试k值按詹森（Janssen）公式计算的贮料压力与模型实验测试数据相近。作者将现有各种k值确定方法与两种仓壁测试k值进行数值比较后,推荐采用按静止土压力系数乘以系数λ的取值方法。     

混凝土筒仓贮料压力计算分析

钢筋混凝土筒仓贮料压力计算是整个筒仓结构设计中重要一环,其计算方法分为深仓和浅仓两种.深仓的仓底贮料竖向压力计算由于仓壁贮料摩擦力的参与而显得较为复杂,在设计实践过程中,其压力值的复核没有明确的规定.通过对具体问题具体分析,结构设计人员对此应有所小结.     

筒中筒仓仓壁侧压力的研讨

本文简要记述了筒中筒仓与单筒筒仓的仓壁侧压力百余次测试结果，绘出仓壁的动态与静态压力的分布曲线。同时，推导出筒中筒仓的仓壁侧压力的计算公式。试验结果和计算分析表明，筒中筒仓的仓壁侧压力较单筒筒仓有较为显著降低。这一结果对于这种新型筒中筒仓的设计研究具有很重要意义。     

筒仓仓壁压力增大的机理分析

在筒仓卸料过程中，贮料对仓壁产生的水平力远大于装料及贮料静止时产生的压力。人们对这种现象作了多种解释，但看法很不一致。本文根据筒仓破坏现象及众多实测资料和贮料特性等进行研究，分析出贮料流动时仓壁压力增大的机理。     

钢筋混凝土筒仓库侧卸料静动态压力分布研究

筒仓储料的反复装卸使得筒仓磨损、开裂甚至倒塌等事故频繁发生,因此,能够更加精确地计算出贮料侧压力在筒仓的设计中显得尤为重要。本文对筒仓储料的静态和动态侧压力的分布规律做了相关研究。本文对流动贮料作用下钢筋混凝土筒仓侧壁压力分布进行了非线性有限元分析。分析中采用Drucker-Prage模型模拟贮料,考虑了贮料的大变形,通过设置接触来模拟贮料与筒仓之间的边界条件,对浅仓(库侧卸料)的静态贮料侧压力和动态卸料侧压力进行了求解,并与我国筒仓规范(GB 50077-2003《钢筋混凝土筒仓设计规范》)、美国筒仓规范(ACI 313-97)、德国筒仓规范(DIN 1055-6(1987))的计算结果进行了分析对比。分析结果显示,各国的筒仓静态及动态贮料侧压力分布均有所差别,并针对我国的计算以及设计方法提出了相关建议。     

地震作用下立筒群仓贮料侧压力试验研究

为了研究地震作用下贮料对仓壁侧压力的变化规律,设计制作了立筒群仓结构1/16整体模型,并对其进行了模拟地震振动台试验,测试了模型结构在静态压力作用下以及在7度多遇、7度基本、7度罕遇和8度罕遇烈度地震作用下贮料对仓壁的侧压力值,并与Janssen理论计算值及规范设计值进行比较,得到了在地震作用下贮料对仓壁的侧压力的变化规律,试验结果表明:与单仓相比群仓具有较好的抗震性能,在7度抗震设防地区进行钢筋混凝土筒仓抗震设计时,仓壁按照规范设计值进行配筋是安全的,但需要对仓顶部分进行加强。     

浅圆仓仓壁侧压力的有限元分析

《钢筋混凝土筒仓规范》中浅圆仓侧压力计算公式基于库伦公式或者库伦理论,即假设仓壁刚度无限大,仅考虑了截面形状、贮料的内摩擦角对侧压力的影响.但是对于不同的贮料来说,其材料参数肯定是不同的,而且实际工程当中仓壁的刚度都是有限的,这些参数对侧压力是否有影响是值得研究的问题.因此,本文利用有限元软件ABAQUS,考虑煤和仓壁共同作用,用Mohr-Coulomb模型模拟煤单元,煤和仓壁之间用接触单元,分析了更多贮料参数及仓壁刚度对侧压力的影响.通过计算,可以看出贮料的内摩擦角不是决定仓壁侧压力值的唯一参数,尤其是贮料泊松比对侧压力影响很大,因此规范的计算公式有待改进.     

Finite element analysis under different boundary conditions of the filling of cylindrical steel silos having an eccentric hopper

A three-dimensional finite element analysis was made of the filling of cylindrical silos having an eccentric hopper, using different boundary conditions—silos supported at the transition or on discrete columns. The analysis included the options of the presence or absence of reinforcement in the transition and walls. The results for the pressures on the wall for a flexible wall and all the boundary conditions were compared with those for a silo with a rigid wall. The membrane stresses and meridional and circumferential bending moments were then evaluated in the silo wall and in the reinforcing elements. Lastly, the influence of the eccentricity of the hopper in a silo of intermediate eccentricity was analysed, and conclusions were drawn for the optimal design of these structures.     

倒锥壳不保温水塔筒首的设计方法

针对非标准钢筋混凝土倒锥壳不保温水塔筒首各部位的设计,从受力分析、强度计算、构造措施等方面予以分析和论述,力求为其设计提供参考。     

Wellblechsilos nach DIN 18914

Horizontally corrugated wallsheet silos in accordance with DIN 18914. Horizontally corrugated wallsheet silos are on of the most constructions of storing agricultural products. The design and construction of such silos and their associated equipment ist carried out in accordance with DIN 18914:1985‐09. The standard has been proven in use for a period of over 20 years. The experience has also shown that there is a necessity to improve and to update the regulations therein especially in view of the progress of construction technology and of standards on a national and European level and in view of the advancement of computational calculation.     

钢板筒仓侧壁压力的非线性有限元分析

钢板筒仓已有超过70年的使用历史。Janssen公式的提出,使钢板筒仓的设计有了理论基础,但难以适应各种复杂的筒仓结构和形状。基于大型有限元软件MSC.MARC,通过借助MARC提供的用户自定义材料功能,开发了关联流动和非关联流动弹塑性本构模型,利用MARC自带的接触功能,对筒仓侧壁的应力进行了分析,并将结果与Janssen公式进行对比。分析结果表明,非线性有限元计算可以准确获得筒仓侧壁的压力分布且具有较好的灵活性。     

A simplified analytical procedure for assessing the worst patch load location on circular steel silos with corrugated walls

Silos are widely used in the food and chemical industries for the storage of granular materials. The calculation of their wall dimensions is complicated since the interaction between the stored material and that from which the silo is made is complex, a consequence of their very different mechanical behaviours. The loads exerted on the silo walls by stored materials must be taken into account in silo design, and the means for calculating them is contemplated in Eurocode EN 1991-4. The complexity of the phenomena that occur within silos often leads to the appearance of unexpected and asymmetrically distributed pressures. This is taken into account in the above Eurocode via the concept of the patch load, which is asymmetric and can be exerted at any point on the silo wall. A finite element model has been developed in order to check that the stress resultants derived from the patch load on steel silos with corrugated walls may be predicted by using the well-known expressions of shell theory. Then, a simplified analytical procedure has been developed for predicting the worst location of patch loads for all metal silos, but with special application to corrugated steel silos in Action Assessment Class 3. It has been found that significant differences may be found for most cases with the worst location for the patch load defined in Eurocode for welded silos in Action Assessment Class 2. On the other hand, the values obtained for the maximum meridional membrane stress resultant do not significantly differ, except for high slenderness values in intermediate slenderness silos.     

贮料对仓壁的外摩擦在圆形浅仓工况判断时的影响研究

对于浅仓在进行侧压力计算时,一般都不计贮料与仓壁之间的外摩擦力,这样做既简化了计算,又偏于安全。但研究发现:在圆形浅仓的工况判断时,若忽略外摩擦,就有可能导致矛盾的结论。不同的工况,侧压力的计算公式不同,所以,圆形浅仓的工况判断非常重要。本文针对在利用破裂面理论进行圆形浅仓工况判断时外摩擦的影响进行研究,在破裂角的计算公式中,考虑了外摩擦,给出了新的破裂角计算公式,并通过大量数据计算、图表说明与算例分析,详细论述了外摩擦的影响程度,并结合规范修订,给出建议。     

筒仓间框架悬挑梁施工方法

结合具体工程实例，通过筒仓间悬挑梁的施工方案的对比，经验算后选择了支撑平台形式，介绍了支撑平台的搭设和拆除方式，以完善筒仓间框架悬挑梁施工工艺，保证工程施工的质量。     

Baruch法在筒承式群仓地震分析中的应用

建立筒承式群仓串联多质点体系简化计算模型 ,计算该模型的质量矩阵 ,直接用有限元分析并计算的前两阶频率与振型 .由于出现自由度缩聚现象而使结构的模态矩阵无法满足对质量矩阵的正交性 ,采用 Baruch法对模态矩阵进行修正 ,从而实现模态的正交性 ,利用振型分解反应谱法可计算筒承式群仓的地震作用     

Steel silos with different aspect ratios: I — Behaviour under concentric discharge

The current European standards for the design of thin-walled metal silos require the designer to use a complex combination of rules covering many different aspects of loading, structural behaviour and strength. Each individual rule was often developed autonomously, usually with implicit and undocumented conservative assumptions. When combined, the overall factor of safety of a designed silo may be significantly different from that guaranteed by the standard, making it difficult to reproduce the design rules in a numerical calculation that does not include the same implicit assumptions.This paper explores the behaviour of five thin-walled cylindrical silos with stepwise-varying wall thickness and aspect ratios varying from very squat to very slender, all custom-designed for and analysed under the EN 1991-4 concentric discharge loading condition. The aspect ratio plays a deciding role in both the behaviour and design of silos, and it is important to ascertain that a finding that is valid for one is transferable to the others. The nonlinear finite element analyses reveal that the computed load factor exceeds the partial safety factor in design by a large factor over a wide range of aspect ratio, suggesting that the overall design process is particularly conservative. The reasons for these discrepancies are explored.This paper is the first of a pair. The second paper explores the behaviour of the same set of example silos under the EN 1991-4 eccentric discharge loads, with fundamentally different conclusions.