软路面下非公路车辆操纵稳定性分析

为精确分析软路面下非公路车辆的操纵稳定性,考虑路面沉陷变形和不平度的影响,建立了弹性轮胎-变形地面相互作用模型,并采用随机正弦波法得到空间三维路面谱。在此基础上建立非公路车辆转向过程中的地面-轮胎-车辆耦合系统,通过Matlab/Simulink求解得到不同路面激励下汽车横摆角速度和侧偏角响应曲线。仿真对比分析表明,软路面激励下横摆角速度和侧偏角的稳态值较之硬路面分别减小12.33%、36.14%,稳态时间相应增大1.29s、1.46s,验证了沉陷变形和不平度影响对非公路车辆操纵稳定性分析的必要性。     

铰接式自卸车动态侧倾稳定性仿真研究

针对某装配有油气悬架系统的60t六轮矿用铰接式自卸车,运用Simpack建立了考虑前后车体侧倾的整车10自由度动力学模型,并与Simulink及AMESim软件进行了整车动力学联合仿真以研究自卸车的动态侧倾稳定性。在考虑油气悬架响应特性的基础上,进行平路和坡道上的稳态回转试验仿真,分析了行车速度、铰接转向角、转向角速度以及坡度角等运动参数对前车侧倾角和侧向加速度的影响规律。仿真结果为工厂的实车试验和铰接式自卸车运输安全的提升提供了理论依据。     

基于ADAMS的矿用自卸车车架动态应力分析

以某矿用自卸车为背景,利用多体动力学仿真软件ADAMS建立矿用自卸车整车模型.考虑车架的变形影响将车架柔性化,通过对矿区恶劣路面的仿真得出车架在各种极限工况下的动态应力,提供了一种研究矿用自卸车多体动力学的方法.     

基于变形路面的铰接式自卸车建模与仿真分析

基于变形路面建立铰接式自卸车非线性橡胶悬架9自由度集中质量参数模型,并在多种路况下通过Matlab进行仿真计算,与传统的点接触模型进行比较,分析了地面变形对重型工程车辆的影响。     

考虑地面变形特性的车辆地面耦合系统的建模与仿真

利用虚拟样机技术,在ADAMS/View环境中建立某款铰接式自卸车的刚柔耦合的多体动力学模型,并通过整车道路模拟试验验证了模型的准确性。同时以汽车地面力学为基础,综合考虑轮胎与地面的接触变形特性,建立轮胎—变形地面接触模型,并将该模型以S－函数形式描述,生成Matlab/Simulink仿真模块。通过ADAMS/Control将车辆模型输出到Simulink中形成车辆模型子模块,与轮胎—土壤接触模型进行集成,从而建立考虑地面变形特性的车辆地面耦合系统模型及其仿真平台,为研究车辆地面耦合问题以及车辆系统的优化提供有效的方法和工具。     

基于GA-BP网络的矿山路面不平度辨识

提出利用经遗传算法优化的BP神经网络辨识矿山路面的方法。建立了14自由度自卸车仿真模型,将仿真得到的座椅加速度作为网络理想输入样本,基于逆变换原理拟合出的路面不平度作为网络理想输出样本,通过网络训练,建立了两者之间非线性映射模型。对拟合出的不同等级路面、各种凹坑路面及自卸车不同载重下路面不平度进行辨识,辨识路面与测试路面相关系数高、相对误差小,验证了该方法具有对复杂矿山路面的辨识能力。通过整车道路试验,证明了该方法的准确性。与自卸车常用C级路面下的平顺性仿真结果的对比显示,采用该方法得到辨识路面更加接近实际路面,达到了提高模型仿真精度的目的。     

汽车七自由度主动悬架时域响应与仿真

建立了汽车七自由度主动悬架整车模型,结合模糊控制与PID控制技术,研究不同路面激励下主动悬架的时域响应。设计了以前、后悬位置处车身垂直振动速度为控制量,以主动控制力作为输出变量的参数自调整模糊PID控制器。以C级路面四轮时域相干白噪声随机信号为输入,应用Simulink对控制器进行了仿真模块设计,同时也针对脉冲及正弦波信号路面激励下的时域响应进行了验证。结果表明:基于不同的路面激励,该控制方式可明显减小整车车身垂直振动加速度、俯仰与侧倾角加速度等指标,优于其他控制方式,说明该方法在改善汽车行驶平顺性方面具有较好的控制效果,对于深入研究悬架性能优化具有重要参考价值。     

矿用自卸车油气悬架力学特性研究与优化

矿用自卸车行驶道路恶劣且载重量大,严重影响了行驶平顺性,而油气悬架的力学特性对改善整车平顺性有着重要作用。为研究和优化悬架力学特性,在考虑悬架快速加载和油液通道的附加阻力、进口局部阻力、弯道阻力的基础上,建立精确的弹性力和阻尼力公式。利用Fluent软件结合Volume of Fluid两相流模型和动网格技术,仿真得到油气悬架非线性力学特性,以对比推导的力学公式。此外,在悬架力学公式的基础上,建立包含柔性化车架的整车刚柔耦合模型,并将模型仿真结果与试验结果进行对比,得到座椅加速度响应最大误差为8.5%,验证了所建模型的准确性。采用遗传算法对悬架参数进行优化,座椅加权加速度方均根值降低了23.58%,有效提高了矿用自卸车的平顺性。     

基于遗传算法的工程车辆悬架参数优化分析

针对铰接式自卸车,建立基于变形地面的铰接式自卸车9自由度模型,借助Matlab软件对所建模型进行了仿真;找出了影响工程车辆平顺性的最大因素所在,并运用遗传算法对其进行了优化,得出最优参数.     

基于模糊PID控制的矿用自卸车满载和空载平顺性优化

为了进一步满足矿用自卸车在空载和满载两种工况下的平顺要求,建立了1/4车辆二自由度矿用自卸车主动悬架模型。分别使用PID控制器和模糊PID控制两种控制方式。以车身垂直加速度和车身垂直加速度变化率作为控制器的输入信号,对主动悬架系统进行仿真分析。对空载和满载两种工况下的矿用自卸车轮胎动载荷、悬架动行程和垂直加速度的均方根值进行比较。结果表明,被动悬架空载时的车辆平顺性要比满载时差。垂直加速度值差异最为明显,相差了91.10%。使用两种控制方式对两种工况都有优化效果,模糊PID的优化效果要更好,空载比满载的优化效果好,垂直加速度的优化效果要比其他两个好。     

Three-dimensional dynamics simulation analysis of high clearance sprayer with road excitation

The stability of a high clearance sprayer (HCS) can be considered in developing modern agriculture. We built a three-dimensional dynamics model of HCS with road excitation considering the influence of complex terrain on the whole vehicle vibration. The numerical simulation method was proposed to solve differential equations based on the Newmark-ß method. The response curves of whole vehicle in the time and frequency domain response were analyzed. The simulation results show that the vibration amplitude difference of left and right wheel is bigger than amplitude difference of right and rear wheel. The average amplitude of roll motion is bigger than pitching motion. The reason is that since the man-machine seat is set on the left of whole vehicle, an additional roll torque is brought. Besides, the displacement amplitude of whole vehicle is bigger than man-machine seat. The reason is that the vibration absorption system of seat can reduce vibration effectively. In amplitude-frequency response curves, the multiple resonance points occur with the road excitation given in this paper. The maximum response amplitude of angle velocity and acceleration of pitching motion is bigger than roll motion. This study has an important theoretical and practical value for structure dynamic optimization of HCS.     

SOFT TERRAIN SPECTRUM CAUSING VEHICLE VIBRATION

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矿用重型自卸车推杆断裂分析与诊断

为解决某矿用三轴重型自卸车推杆频繁发生断裂的问题,基于4节点的SHELL63板壳单元和10节点的SOLID92三维实体单元,分别建立车架主体结构和推杆的有限元分析模型。在有限元分析软件ANSYS中分析自卸车在弯曲工况、弯扭组合工况和制动工况下推杆的静态强度和刚度及整车模态振型和模态频率,在MATLAB/SIMULINK环境下以白噪声为基础仿真实际路面谱,完成车架结构的响应谱分析。分析结果表明,有限元分析得出的最大应力位置和推杆在实际使用中出现的异常断裂位置相吻合,找出了该车推杆裂纹过早出现的原因,提出了车架结构改进设计方案,使用效果表明改进方案是有效的。     

基于履带车辆车体动态响应的行驶路面不平度识别

建立了基于履带车辆车体动态响应的行驶路面不平度识别的模型.该模型采用带外源输入的非线性自回归神经网络结构,以履带车辆车体动态响应为输入、路面不平度为输出.将相关性系数、均方根误差和绝对误差累计概率密度作为识别效果的评价指标,并给出了上述三个指标的融合方法.基于正交试验设计的思路分析并实现了路面不平度识别模型输入数量和识...     

Skyhook-based semi-active control of full-vehicle suspension with magneto-rheological dampers

The control study of vehicle semi-active suspension with magneto-rheological (MR) dampers has been attracted much attention internationally. However, a simple, real time and easy implementing semi-active controller has not been proposed for the MR full-vehicle suspension system, and a systematic analysis method has not been established for evaluating the multi-objective suspension performances of MR full-vehicle vertical, pitch and roll motions. For this purpose, according to the 7-degree of freedom (DOF) fullvehicle dynamic system, a generalized 7-DOF MR and passive full-vehicle dynamic model is set up by employing the modified Boucwen hysteretic force-velocity (F-v) model of the MR damper. A semi-active controller is synthesized to realize independent control of the four MR quarter-vehicle sub-suspension systems in the full-vehicle, which is on the basis of the proposed modified skyhook damping scheme of MR quarter-vehicle sub-suspension system. The proposed controller can greatly simplify the controller design complexity of MR full-vehicle suspension and has merits of easy implementation in real application, wherein only absolute velocities of sprung and unsprung masses with reference to the road surface are required to measure in real time when the vehicle is moving. Furthermore, a systematic analysis method is established for evaluating the vertical, pitch and roll motion properties of both MR and passive full-vehicle suspensions in a more realistic road excitation manner, in which the harmonic, rounded pulse and real road measured random signals with delay time are employed as different road excitations inserted on the front and rear two wheels, by considering the distance between front and rear wheels in full-vehicle. The above excitations with different amplitudes are further employed as the road excitations inserted on left and right two wheels for evaluating the roll motion property. The multi-objective suspension performances of ride comfort and handling safety of the proposed MR full-vehicle suspensi     

三轴载货汽车振动分析集成建模技术研究

用多体方法建立三轴载货汽车整车动力学模型，用专门开发的数字化汽车道路仿真系统获得道路激励时域模型，同时建立对车辆振动响应量值进行客观评价的物理标量和对其主观评价的感觉模型。然后，对分立的不同主体模型进行组集，获得包含人、车、路交互大系统模型，为系统级研究车辆平顺性奠定了分析基础。     

基于道路坡度的车厢侧倾角预测模型

车辆在坡道上曲线行驶时车厢会产生侧倾,车厢侧倾是影响车辆横向稳定性的重要参数之一。针对道路横向坡度角、簧载质量、非簧载质量离心力对车厢侧倾角的影响,建立了车辆在斜坡上曲线行驶时的车厢侧倾角预测模型,该模型是一个二阶非线性微分方程,利用Matlab编程实现了该模型的数值求解,并利用数显角度仪测量了车厢的侧倾角,将试验值与模型预测值进行了比较,判断了预测模型的有效性,研究结果表明该模型为预测车厢侧倾角提供了一个有效的手段。     

Tandem Strip Mill’s Multi-parameter Coupling Dynamic Modeling Based on the Thickness Control

The rolling process is determined by the interaction of a number of different movements,during which the relative movement occurs between the vibrating roll system and the rolled piece,and the roll system’s vibration interacts with the strip’s deformation and rigid movement.So many parameters being involved leads to a complex mechanism of this coupling effect.Through testing and analyzing the vibration signals of the mill in the rolling process,the rolling mill’s coupled model is established with comprehensive consideration of the coupling interaction between the mill’s vertical vibration,its torsional vibration and the working roll’s horizontal vibration,and vibration characteristics of different forms of rolling mill’s vibration are analyzed under the coupling effect.With comprehensive attention to the relationship between the roll system,the moving strip and the rolling parameters’dynamic properties,and also from the strip thickness control point of view,further research is done on the coupling mechanism between the roll system’s movement and the moving strip’s characteristics in the rolling process.As a result,the law of inertial coupling and the stiffness coupling effect caused by different forms of the roll system’s vibration is determined and the existence of nonlinear characteristics caused by the elastic deformation of moving strip is also found.Furthermore,a multi-parameter coupling-dynamic model is established which takes the tandem strip mill as its research object by making a detailed kinematics analysis of the roll system and using the principle of virtual work.The coupling-dynamic model proposes the instruction to describe the roll system’s movement,and analyzes its dynamic response and working stability,and provides a theoretical basis for the realization of the strip thickness’dynamic control.     

多模式两轮移动机器人的设计与运动分析

提出一种具有可变形车身的多模式两轮移动机器人。以平面6R单环闭链连杆机构为车身,通过控制其变形运动,使机器人具有折展模式和三种移动模式。在折展模式下,折叠状态时用于储运和携带,展开状态时启动工作模式。在两轮移动模式下,车身变形形成车尾支撑实现稳定移动,通过调整轮距和车尾长度以增强其地面适应性。在攀爬越障模式下,通过车身变形至类爪状以增强对障碍物的攀附作用,实现台阶越障。在类履滚动模式下,通过杆件在地面交替铺展支撑以增加与地面接触面,实现在不平整或松软路面上的滚动。对所设计构型进行自由度分析和驱动配置。建立运动学模型,分析机器人运动参数并对其进行步态规划。建立动力学仿真模型,验证预设步态合理性。研制一台样机,对其折展模式和三种移动模式进行可行性验证。