碳纤维复合材料壳体湿法缠绕用高性能树脂基体的研究

树脂基体的低黏度和长适用期是大型固体火箭发动机复合材料壳体长周期湿法缠绕成型的基本保证。通过与高活性固化剂物理相容的活性溶剂的添加,研制出一种具有低黏度、长适用期、优异力学性能及耐热性能的环氧树脂基体。采用差式扫描量热法（DSC）、动态热机械仪（DMA）、万能材料试验机、水压爆破系统等对该树脂体系的固化行为、黏度、浇铸体力学及耐热性能和碳纤维增强复合材料力学性能、容器爆破性能进行了系统的研究。结果表明,该树脂基体黏度低,黏度变化平缓,适用期超过10h,满足大型发动机壳体湿法缠绕成型工艺要求;且该树脂基体以及碳纤维复合材料具有优异的力学性能,缠绕成型的Ф150mm容器的容器特性系数>50km,纤维强度发挥率>90%。     

一种回转体类构件用中低温固化环氧树脂体系研究

采用等温黏度实验和浇铸体力学性能测试来优选自制改性固化剂CUR–1的配比,通过不同升温速率下的固化过程差示扫描量热并对固化物进行傅立叶变换红外光谱分析,确定了体系的固化制度,研制出一种适用于发动机壳体或结构复杂的回转体类结构件的碳纤维湿法缠绕树脂基复合材料的中低温固化环氧树脂体系,用湿法缠绕工艺制作单向纤维缠绕成型复合材料环(NOL环)并进行了性能测试。结果表明:当CUR–1的含量为15份时,树脂体系具有适于湿法缠绕工艺的黏度和使用期,树脂可在80℃完全固化,同时浇铸体拉伸强度为84 MPa,拉伸弹性模量为3.8 GPa,断裂伸长率为5.4%,热变形温度为131℃。该树脂体系与纤维粘结性好,NOL环力学性能高,NOL环拉伸强度为2 451 MPa,拉伸弹性模量为146 GPa,层剪切强度为55 MPa。     

低成本中温固化湿法缠绕用树脂基体及其国产碳纤维复合材料

针对国产T700碳纤维、中温固化及湿法缠绕的特点,制备了一种适合国产T700碳纤维湿法缠绕用的低成本树脂基体,研究了树脂基体热性能、力学性能、使用期和成本,测试了该树脂基体与国产T700碳纤维制备的复合材料的力学性能。结果表明:该树脂体系耐热性良好且力学性能优异,适宜中温固化,粘度和使用期满足湿法缠绕工艺要求,成本降低超过65%;该树脂基体与国产T700碳纤维制备的复合材料力学性能优异,0°拉伸强度为1988.15 MPa,0°压缩强度为821.02 MPa,弯曲强度为1839.94 MPa,剪切强度为89.51 MPa。     

碳纤维增强环氧树脂基复合材料的性能研究

研究了WBS-3环氧树脂固化体系的反应特性,分析了该固化体系浇铸体的性能;并以碳纤维(T-700S)为增强材料,采用手糊成型螺栓加压工艺制备了WBS-3/T-700S复合材料,研究了复合材料的常温力学性能、高温力学性能、水煮后力学性能和动态力学性能,并对弯曲断面进行分析。研究结果表明,WBS-3树脂基体黏度低、适用期长且韧性好,适合于手糊成型、缠绕成型等低成本制造工艺;由此制得的WBS-3/T-700S复合材料具有优良的力学性能和耐高温性能,其弯曲强度为1434MPa,拉伸强度为1972MPa,剪切强度为76.1MPa,玻璃化温度(Tg)超过210℃;该WBS-3/T-700S复合材料具有很好的界面粘接性(树脂对纤维的浸润性良好)、较低的空隙率且纤维分布均匀。     

环保水容器缠绕壳体用低成本UPR研究

本文研究了环保水处理容器缠绕壳体用基体低成本不饱和聚酯树脂配方，重点阐述了不饱和聚酯凝胶期控制、表干、引发剂用量、树脂选择及增韧方法和纤维缠绕复合层的力学性能。结果表明，该树脂基体价格低、韧性高，与玻璃纤维界面粘结好，所制的复合材料壳体纤维强度转化率较高。     

快速固化环氧树脂/碳纤维复合材料的性能

利用差示扫描量热分析仪研究了一种快速固化环氧树脂体系的固化工艺参数,确定了以真空辅助树脂灌注工艺制备快速固化环氧树脂/碳纤维复合材料的成型方法,并与常规固化环氧树脂体系制备的碳纤维复合材料进行对比,采用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪对两种材料的树脂基体进行了分析,考察了两种复合材料的纤维含量、孔隙率及力学性能,最后通过扫描电子显微镜观察了快速固化树脂基体与碳纤维的界面结合性。结果表明,快速固化树脂在99℃下固化6 min后固化度可达96%,能够大幅缩减碳纤维复合材料的成型时间,以其制备的碳纤维复合材料拉伸强度比常规固化环氧树脂复合材料高11.20%,弯曲强度高16.92%,纵横剪切强度高7.44%,快速固化树脂与碳纤维界面结合性良好。     

用于树脂传递模塑(RTM)的高性能树脂基体研究

通过选用低黏度液体酸酐为环氧树脂的固化剂,制得了一种用于RTM的高性能树脂体系。该树脂体系在室温25℃时的黏度仅为0.11 Pa.s左右,25℃时的适用期在24 h以上,Tg为160℃;其碳纤维复合材料层压板拉伸强度860 MPa,拉伸模量70.0 GPa,弯曲强度820 MPa,弯曲模量61.5 GPa。结果表明该树脂体系具有黏度低、适用期长、较高的Tg的特点,且固化树脂和复合材料力学性能良好,能满足RTM对高性能树脂基体的要求。     

电子束固化复合材料技术

简述了电子束（EB）固化复合材料的特点,介绍电子束固化机理,电子束固化树脂基体性能,复合材料试件及发动机壳体性能及电子束固化技术在航空航天复合材料其他领域的应用前景。     

碳纤维湿法缠绕用高模量高韧性环氧树脂基体

设计了一系列针对碳纤维湿法缠绕的环氧树脂基体,测试了树脂浇注体及其复合材料的力学性能和热机械性能,研究了树脂基体对碳纤维复合材料界面性能的影响.试验结果表明,对韧性树脂体系,树脂基体的模量是发挥纤维强度的关键因素,模量的提升将大幅提高复合材料的综合性能.经复配和优化的树脂体系兼具高模量和高韧性,其T700碳纤维复合材料NOL环拉伸强度达到2480MPa,T800碳纤维复合材料NOL环拉伸强度达到2780MPa,玻璃化温度(Tg)超过200℃,具有优异的界面性能和耐热性能.     

T800碳纤维复合材料界面吸湿性能分析

本文研究了不同类型的树脂基体对T800碳纤维复合材料界面性能的影响,对比不同树脂体系的T800碳纤维复合材料于95℃蒸馏水中的吸湿特性,分析复合材料经吸湿后的动态热机械性能的变化。结果表明,以改性芳香胺为固化体系的树脂基体制备的T800碳纤维复合材料具有优良的界面性能。TDE85树脂/改性芳香胺体系的T800碳纤维复合材料干态层间剪切强度达到122MPa。95℃蒸馏水浸泡后,该复合材料的平衡吸湿率低于普通芳香胺固化体系,且玻璃化转变活化能变化幅度也较小。     

碳纤维湿法缠绕用环氧树脂基体研究

以TDE-85树脂和AFG-90树脂为主体树脂,混合芳香胺为固化剂,研究了一种适合于碳纤维复合材料湿法缠绕成型的树脂配方。结果表明,该树脂的黏度低(＜550 mPa·s)、适用期长,其浇铸体具有优异的力学性能,其拉伸强度为107 MPa,拉伸模量为4．09 GPa,弯曲强度为161 MPa,弯曲模量为3．88 GPa,断裂伸长率超过6%。用其制备的T-700碳纤维缠绕复合材料界面粘接好,NOL环层间剪切强度达到66．8 MPa,拉伸强度达到2．44 GPa。     

环氧树脂/短切碳纤维复合材料性能研究

制备出了短切碳纤维增强TDE-85环氧树脂复合材料,研究了碳纤维的含量对复合材料力学性能和耐热性能的影响。结果表明,碳纤维的加入有利于复合材料力学性能和耐热性能的提高,并在碳纤维含量为0.25%时,复合材料的拉伸强度、冲击韧性、弯曲强度和弯曲模量达到最大,分别提高了29.33%、25.31%、30.28%和68.93%。此外,对复合材料的弯曲断裂面进行了微观形貌分析,结果表明一定量的碳纤维可以较好地分散在树脂基体中,同时,碳纤维原丝和树脂基体的界面结合比较弱,主要依赖于两相之间的物理嵌合。     

Mechanical characterization of carbon fiber reinforced phenolic resol and epoxy condensate plastic

A matrix resin for carbon fiber reinforced composite was developed that consisted of resol type phenolic and difunctional epoxy resin (PR-EP) condensate or adduct. Carbon fiber reinforced composite with fiber volume fraction of 0.6 was prepared with PR-EP matrix containing 0, 50, 100, 150, and 175 parts of epoxy resin per hundred parts of phenolic resin (php), especially a synthesized resol type. One-shot and prepreg techniques have been adopted and the study of loss of volatiles has indicated the superiority in terms of favorable processability of prepreg technique over the other. FTIR spectroscopic analysis confirmed the PR-EP adduct formation at the prepreg preparation stage. The improvement in properties such as tensile strength and elongation at break was observed in resin matrices with epoxy and phenolic resin; however, the flexural strength and modulus remained more or less unaltered. The prepreg technique of composite preparation has resulted in substantial improvement in mechanical properties and the same was attributed to the formation of PR-EP adduct and low volatiles during cure. Composites of carbon fiber reinforced PR-EP matrix developed here are likely to meet the requirement of aerospace structures in view of the realization of a wide spectrum of properties.     

碳纤维／环氧固体火箭发动机壳体补强现状

论述了碳纤维缠绕固体火箭发动机壳体的主要特点,碳纤维／环氧树脂复合材料壳体在实际应用中,影响壳体内压性能的因素,介绍了当前在碳纤维／环氧树脂复合材料壳体补强方面的主要工作和不足之处,并指出今后工作的主要努力方向。     

碳纤维预浸料用中温固化环氧树脂体系

针对碳纤维预浸料常用环氧树脂体系的一些基本特点,以常温下为固体状态的环氧树脂混合物为基体,采用双氰胺为中温固化剂的固化体系,研究了双氰胺固化剂用量对环氧树脂体系黏度、力学性能、热学性能、溶胀性能的影响,对碳纤维预浸料用环氧树脂体系的研发及应用具有一定参考意义。     

Mechanical properties of carbon woven reinforced epoxy matrix composites. A study on the influence of matrix modification with polysulfone

An experimental investigation has been carried out to study the influence of thermoplastic addition on the mechanical properties of woven carbon fiber/epoxy matrix composites. As toughening agent bisphenol‐A polysulfone, PSu, has been added to the epoxy matrix. Flexural tests haved been performed to characterize the mechanical behavior of unmodified and PSu‐modified bulk tetra‐ and bifunctional epoxy matrices and also for the corresponding woven carbon fiber, CF, composite materials. Three‐point notched flexural tests been used to investigate the influence of polysulfone addition in the mode‐I fracture properties of the bulk epoxy matrices, relating them to their microstructural features investigated by atomic force microscopy (AFM). The double‐cantilever bea (DCB) and the end‐notched flexural (ENF) tests have been applied to characterize the interlaminar fracture toughness of the corresponding composites. For composites, the flexural properties were simmilar independent of the funcetionality of the epoxy matrix and of the thermoplastic content. Nevertheless, PSu addition to the epoxy matrix celarly enhanced the ode‐I and II interlaminar fracture toughness of the corresponding composites, the immprovement being higher for the composites manufactured with the bifunctional epoxy matrix at every thermoplastic content because of the lower crosslink density of the epoxy matrix.     

TDE-85/AG-80环氧树脂基复合材料微观形貌与力学性能分析

选用两种耐高温多官能团环氧树脂TDE-5和AG-80为基体,T300碳纤维为增强体制备了复合材料单向板,纤维体积含量均为60％。实验测得TDE-85树脂基体复合材料单向板的弯曲模量为74．26GPa,弯曲强度为1061．4MPa,层间剪切强度（ILSS）为54．05MPa;AG-80树脂基体复合材料单向板弯曲模量为55．73GPa,弯曲强度为840．52MPa,层间剪切强度（ILSS）为44．84MPa。前者的弯曲强度、弯曲模量与剪切强度也分别高出后者26．3％、33．2％与20．5％。实验对弯曲试样断口微观形貌的受压部分和受拉部分进行了SEM和高倍数码显微镜观察。结果显示,AG-80树脂基与碳纤维的界面结合情况较差,纤维成束被拔出,纤维表面几乎没有树脂。TDE-85树脂基与碳纤维界面结合情况较好,纤维与树脂结合比较紧密,断面较为平整,只有少量纤维拔出,表面粘附大量树脂。     

Study on the mechanical properties and microstructure of high-performance carbon fiber/epoxy composites

A high-toughness epoxy has been prepared using carboxyl-terminated butadiene acrylonitrile (CTBN) as a toughening agent to modify the AG-80 epoxy resin. High-performance carbon fiber/epoxy (CF/EP) composites are fabricated using the CTBN-toughened epoxy resin as the matrix and two types of CF, namely, T800SC and T800HB, as reinforcement. The mechanical properties of the matrix, surface properties of the CFs, tensile properties, and fracture morphologies of the composites are systematically investigated to elucidate the key factors influencing interfacial bonding in high-performance CF/EP composites. The results reveal that the most significant improvement in toughness is achieved when the CTBN content is 6.90 wt.% in the epoxy resin. Owing to the high content of polar functional groups and excellent surface wettability of T800SC, the T800SC/EP composite exhibits superior mechanical properties compared with the T800HB/EP composite.