土工布在公路建设中的应用

介绍了道路结构用土工布的特点及特性,并重点阐述了其在各种路面工程中的应用情况。分析了土工布的优点,指出土工布在交通建设工程中具有广阔的前景。     

土工布防治裂缝技术在路面养护工程中的应用

介绍了土工布的发展过程,研究了土工布在沥青路面养护罩面工程中的作用机理及施工注意要点,通过土工布在沥青路面养护罩面工程中的应用实例分析,证实了土工布防治裂缝技术在路面养护工程中的可行性与实用性。     

耐纶土工布及其应用

本文介绍耐纶土工布的技术性能、各工程使用土工布种类以及国内外应用情况，供开发应用土工布参考。     

土工布在水泥混凝土路面加铺沥青层中的应用

结合土工布在桂柳高速公路路面加铺沥青层工程的应用,详细阐述了土工布在水泥混凝土路面加铺沥青混凝土面层中的应用,着重介绍了土工布的材料特性和施工工艺,为今后同类工程施工积累了宝贵经验。     

浅谈土工布在南平防护工程中的应用及其效果

本文首先简要介绍了土工合成材料的性能、特点以及它的发展和应用,然后简要叙述土工布在南平防护工程中的应用情况及其使用效果。这在当时土工织物的应用日渐增多,南平防护工程适时采用新材料、新工艺、新技术用土工布代替反滤层,而且经受多次洪水考验,南平防护工程应用土工布防渗、排水、加固等经验是成功的。     

NS复合防水毯的研究与应用

介绍了由无机防水粉料与土工布材料经针刺复合而成的防水毯的性能特点,并结合工程实例介绍了其在屋面防水翻修工程中的应用和施工方法。     

土工布加筋土挡墙的应用研究

土工布加筋是当前新型的一项土工技术,其主要的应用形式便是加筋挡土结构,这种技术在国外已经得到了广泛使用。但目前我国部分工程人员并不清楚土工合成材料的加筋机理,其计算方法也并不成熟,没有形成完善的体系,理论研究明显弱于实际的工程实践,这也限制了土工布合成材料的使用,为此,应迫切需要深入研究加筋土挡墙的应用。本文通过介绍加筋挡土墙的结构及特点,指出了加筋土挡墙应用中存在的几个问题。     

土工布在市政道路工程中的应用

本文介绍了土工布在市政道路工程中应用机理及应用情况。     

江苏省已成为我国最大土工布生产基地

江苏省加紧土工布生产企业结构调整和技术改造,目前已形成５０００万ｍ２／ａ的生产能力,到１９９９年全省年产量可达到８０００万ｍ２,约１．６万ｔ。目前江苏已成为我国最大的土工布生产基地,其生产能力、规模和品种都居全国之最。土工布在工程中能起到加强防护、排水、反滤、隔离、防渗等的作用,土工布在发达国家已得到了广泛的应用。目前,世界上以丙纶和涤纶为主要原料的土工布年耗用量近４０万ｔ。我国８０年代才开始应用土工布,但发展速度极快,目前国内需求量已达到３～４万ｔ／ａ。国内土工布主要产品技术性能已基本可满足工程建设和…     

江苏已成为我国最大土工布生产基地

江苏加紧土工布生产企业结构调整和技术改造 ,目前已形成５０００／年的生产能力 ,预计１９９９年全省年产量可达到８０００万 ,约１ ６万吨。据江苏省纺织总会副会长邢伯有介绍 ,目前江苏已成为我国最大的土工布生产基地 ,其生产能力、规模和品种都居全国之最 ,土工布是继钢材、水泥、木材之后的第４种新型建筑材料 ,在工程中能起到加强防护、排水、反滤、隔离、防渗等的作用。据介绍 ,土工布在发达国家已得到了广泛的应用。目前 ,世界上以丙纶和涤纶为主要原料的土工布年耗用量近４０万吨。我国土工布在８０年代才开始应用 ,但发展速度极…     

Geotextiles in coastal engineering—25 years experience

During the use of geotextiles in coastal engineering for over 25 years many construction methods have been improved or have been made more economical. Sometimes completely new solutions for coastal engineering problems can be recommended. This paper gives information about the long-term behaviour of geotextiles in coastal engineering and the minimum requirements for their application. Some case studies show the necessity of careful geotextile selection, considering the special requirements of the application, the harsh coastal engineering environment and the rough building practice found in all fields of hydraulic engineering.     

Geotextiles: Their rationale and future

Over the last decade there has been much interest shown in the use of textiles in civil engineering construction, particularly in geotechnical engineering where geotextiles are associated with soil. Is this a fad, or something more profound and durable? In attempting to rationalize this dramatic development it is concluded that geotextiles do offer many technical and economic advantages. However, at present geotextiles are commonly used as a replacement for traditional building materials using traditional construction methods rather than more innovative techniques that could only be employed using geotextiles. It is concluded that the development of these techniques is the real future of geotextiles and that this future can only be secured by the close cooperation of both textile and civil engineers.     

Historical review of geotextiles in Japan

This paper describes developments in the use of geotextiles in Japan, not only in the recent past but in the period from the ancient era of China down to the middle and pre-Meiji ages of Japan when natural materials were used in a similar manner to present-day geotextiles. The 1960s witnessed development of the petrochemical industry and several applications of geotextiles independent of overseas technology. These related mainly to the treatment of soft ground and its reclamation. During the 1970s there was wider application of geotextiles to project involving embankments, retaining walls and other earth structures, leading to the use of polymer grids which commenced in Japan in 1983.     

Geotextiles in India

Applications of geotextiles in civil engineering have been successfully developed and offer benefits in terms of economics, durability and p performance. Geotextiles play an important role in geotechnical engineering works, especially highways and railroads, reinforced soil, stabilisation of soil or rock slopes, drainage control, embankments and dams, tunnel constructions, reservoirs, coastal engineering and canals. This paper mainly gives information about the development and use of geotextiles in India.     

Nonwoven geotextiles from nettle and poly(lactic acid) fibers for slope stabilization using bioengineering approach

This article deals with needle-punched nonwoven geotextiles prepared from nettle and poly(lactic acid) fibers in different weight proportions for potential slope stabilization application using bioengineering approach. The geotextiles were tested for tensile strength, biodegradability, and enhancement of soil fertility. The tensile strength of the geotextiles was found to decrease with addition of stronger nettle fibers. This apparently surprising behavior was explained in the light of theoretical tensile mechanics of nonwovens. Further, the nettle fibers displayed higher biodegradability than the poly(lactic acid) fibers, and when buried under soil, all the geotextiles exhibited a loss in tensile strength. Interestingly, the fertility of the soil was remarkably improved after biodegradation of poly(lactic acid) fibers. Overall, the nonwoven geotextiles prepared in this work were found to be promising for slope stabilization application.     

加筋垫层承载性能和工程应用综述

随着土工合成材料技术在我国的应用和发展,土工合成材料加筋垫层已经在土木工程中得到广泛的应用,经济效益显著。但目前加筋垫层的作用机理与承载性能的研究远远落后于工程实践,加筋垫层设计计算还没有一套相对成熟的方法,直接影响了加筋垫层的进一步推广应用。本文在阅读大量国内外文献的基础上,归纳和总结了加筋垫层的承载性能和设计方法研究现状,指出目前存在的主要问题,并提出了进一步研究的方向。     

On the hydraulic behavior of unsaturated nonwoven geotextiles

Geotextiles have been widely used in soil structures for separation, filtration, reinforcing, and drainage. They are often used to provide reinforcement and drainage for retaining walls and embankments. It has been reported, however, that geotextiles may not drain water as effectively as was initially expected. In this study, published data on the hydraulic properties of unsaturated geotextiles are compiled and analyzed in order to highlight the hydraulic characteristics of unsaturated geotextiles.

The application of the van Genuchten equations originally developed for the water characteristic curve and the hydraulic conductivity curve of unsaturated soil to unsaturated geotextiles is then examined and discussed. Finally, the drainage from a one-dimensional sand column having a horizontal geotextile layer was analyzed using the finite element method and the van Genuchten equations to assess the utility of this procedure for further study of unsaturated/saturated water flow within the soil–geotextile system.     

The application and manufacture of woven geotextiles

Some criteria for geotextile selection are considered and the specifications of various geotextiles are related to various case histories cited. Consideration is given to the special filtration capacity of fabrics and the possibility of adapting manufacture to optimise the geotextile to specific circumstances. The possibilities of reinforcement offered by fabrics are also illustrated by examples and it is shown that in extreme cases the application of geotextiles allows safe technical solutions coupled with economy. The manufacture of woven geotextiles is characterised by the various procedures in weaving preparation where technical and economic requirements have to be met. The influence of various factors on economy is explained and their effects shown.     

Geotextile filtration principles, practices and problems

Geotextile filters are rapidly replacing graded granular filters as the standard of practice in geotechnical design. This paper reviews the current state of the practice in designing with geotextiles including a listing of the most widely recognized design criteria. Problems with the current practice are also recognized that present challenges to the geotextile community in order to increase the acceptance and utilization of geotextiles in this valuable application.     

Durability studies of surface-modified coir geotextiles

Coir (Cocos nucifera) is a natural fibre known to retain its strength and resist biodegradation far better than other industrial natural fibres. However, systematic studies in this discipline are scarce. Geotextiles are usually exposed to diverse pH, salinity, moisture, and microbial association conditions. In the present work, specific surface modifications of coir geotextiles using a natural agent (cashew nut shell liquid) have been carried out to enhance their long-term performance depending on the end applications. The modified and unmodified geotextiles were subjected to acidic, alkaline, and neutral pH conditions, saline conditions, alternate wetting and drying cycles, and thermal cycles for the assessment of their durability, measured in terms of tensile strength. In situ soil burial studies in a tropical climate were conducted in specially prepared soil to follow the biodegradation behaviour of geotextiles at various depths. The surface-modified geotextiles were found to resist adverse chemical, physical, and biological conditions much better than the unmodified geotextiles. Alkaline conditions marginally accelerated the degradation rates when compared to acidic environments. The saline conditions, as well as alternate wetting and drying conditions, resulted in marginal loss of tensile strength (<7%). The surface-modified geotextiles buried within lower depths of soil under field conditions retained 70–80% of their initial tensile strength after 12 months, whereas the unmodified geotextiles lost 88% strength in four months. The positive impact of surface modification on durability is confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The results indicate the excellent potential of suitably surface-modified coir geotextiles for long-term use in adverse conditions.