Quantum PLC在济钢球团竖炉中的应用

2002年建成投产的济南钢铁集团总公司球团厂3^#竖炉为14m^2，由自动化部开发完成的自动控制系统采用施耐德公司的Quanturn系列PLC，该系统由上料、电除尘成品筛分、润磨3个子系统及2个上位监控站构成。2个监控站分设在主控室和电工值班室．控制站由1个主站和3个远程I／O站组成，主站和远程站间由远程I／O模块以冗余双同轴电缆连接，主站与上位监控站间由MB 网连接。     

PROFIBUS-DP在淮钢棒材生产线中的应用

简述淮钢棒材生产线电气系统的配置，着重介绍了SIEMENS公司的PROFIBUS－DP总线技术在该生产线中的应用，阐述了主站和从站的构成，并就从站的交、直流调速系统的网络数据结构、参数、过程数据以及使用STEP7编程软件对PROFIBUS－DP总线的组态方法等作了说明。     

35/6kV降压站自动化系统的设计及应用

莱钢锻压厂35／6kV降压站控制系统采用CSC－2000型分布式变电站综合自动化系统，主要由变压器单元，线路单元，中央单元，监控主站等部分组成，具有自动监视，管理，协调、控制和保护功能，可提高系统可靠性和控制水平，提高企业经济效益。     

PROFIBUS-DP技术在淮钢棒材生产线中的应用

简述电气系统的配置，着重介绍了SIEMENS公司PROFIBUS－DP总线技术在该生产线中的应用，阐述了主站PLC与从站直流调速系统6RA70，交流调速系统6SE70以及远程ET200M的PROFIBUS－DP网络的构成，就从站的交直流速系统的网络数据结构和参数过程数据以及使用STEP7编程软件对PROFIBUS－DP总线的组态方法等作了说明。     

三自由度机械手测量臂的应用实例与精度分析

三自由度测量臂的测量对象为沿X、Y、Z三个坐标轴的平动,即仅对运动部件进行位置跟踪与测量。测量臂是通过安装在各关节上的传感器来测量各关节的相对运动,从而间接实现对末端执行器的位置测量。     

MP-SCALE在光整机中的应用

光整机是攀钢镀锌线生产光整料的重要设备。MP－SCALE是攀钢于1997年从日本三菱公司引进的测量大的线位移和角位移的位置传感器,其在光整机中的主要作用是精确控制光整机主液压缸两边的位置。当光整机需要投入使用时,光整机下支撑辊由液压缸向上推动,使其接触带钢表面,对带钢表面锌花进行轧制。为了防止带钢轧裂、轧皱、轧偏、轧断,MP－SCALE传感器检测下支撑辊两边的位置,位置信号转换为数字信号后输入计算机。当计算的两边位置差超过2mm时,光整机就自动全开复位而不能投入使用。MPSCALE输出阻抗低,抗干扰能力强,对使用…     

三自由度机械手测量臂的应用实例与精度分析

三自由度测量臂的测量对象为沿X、Y、Z三个坐标轴的平动,即仅对运动部件进行位置跟踪与测量。测量臂是通过安装在各关节上的传感器来测量各关节的相对运动,从而间接实现对末端执行器的位置测量。因此,该问题属于机器人运动学的正问题。     

Achenbach宽幅高速铝箔轧机厚度板形控制特点研究

宽幅铝箔轧机主要控制铝箔的厚度和板形这两个因素。厚度控制系统是通过实时监控出口测厚仪测量的厚度信号,参考执行器所收集到的数据,计算偏差后,通过调整执行机构位置对厚差进行修正,使整体厚差控制在±2%以内。Achenbach公司开发的自动板形控制系统OPTIROLL?I2对执行部分工作辊弯辊、轧辊倾斜、VC辊及轧辊分段冷却进行板形控制,保证宽幅铝箔的厚差和表面张力分布均匀,提高铝箔产品质量。     

基于网络技术的铝箔轧机控制系统

介绍了1450 mm铝箔轧机控制系统,以PLC为核心的主站通过Profibus-DP总线存取协议对分布式I/O进行实时控制,主站之间以及主站与上位监控机之间通过Ethernet协议进行通信,上位机进行铝箔轧制的工艺参数优化控制,可提高铝箔轧制的自动化控制水平。     

基于网络技术的铝箔轧机控制系统

介绍了1450 mm铝箔轧机控制系统,以PLC为核心的主站通过Profibus-DP总线存取协议对分布式I/O进行实时控制,主站之间以及主站与上位监控机之间通过Ethernet协议进行通信,上位机进行铝箔轧制的工艺参数优化控制,可提高铝箔轧制的自动化控制水平。     

What is the unit of visual attention? Object for selection, but Boolean map for access.

In the past 20 years, numerous theories and findings have suggested that the unit of visual attention is the object. In this study, I first clarify 2 different meanings of unit of visual attention, namely the unit of access in the sense of measurement and the unit of selection in the sense of division. In accordance with this distinction, I argue that an object, as commonly described, is only the unit of selection. The unit of access is better characterized as a Boolean map (Huang & Pashler, 2007), that is, the linkage of a single feature value per dimension associated with a map (i.e., a set of locations). The experiments in this study demonstrated the following: (a) Grouping items into a single object (by connecting them) does not improve the perception of these items (Experiment 1); (b) same-object advantage exists only when the features to be perceived are different dimensions of a single Boolean map and not when they belong to different parts of an object (Experiments 2 and 3); (c) cuing the relevant feature does not help perception when the features to be perceived are different dimensions of a single Boolean map but does help significantly when these features belong to different parts of an object (Experiment 4); and (d) connection, as used in Experiments 1–4, is effective in affecting object structure (i.e., affecting the mechanism of selection) in both an enumeration and a tracking task (Experiments 5 and 6). The results of these experiments, together with data available in the literature, demonstrate that the unit of access is a Boolean map, not an object. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Neural representation of objects in space: a dual coding account

I present evidence on the nature of object coding in the brain and discuss the implications of this coding for models of visual selective attention. Neuropsychological studies of task-based constraints on: (i) visual neglect; and (ii) reading and counting, reveal the existence of parallel forms of spatial representation for objects: within-object representations, where elements are coded as parts of objects, and between-object representations, where elements are coded as independent objects. Aside from these spatial codes for objects, however, the coding of visual space is limited. We are extremely poor at remembering small spatial displacements across eye movements, indicating (at best) impoverished coding of spatial position per se. Also, effects of element separation on spatial extinction can be eliminated by filling the space with an occluding object, indicating that spatial effects on visual selection are moderated by object coding. Overall, there are separate limits on visual processing reflecting: (i) the competition to code parts within objects; (ii) the small number of independent objects that can be coded in parallel; and (iii) task-based selection of whether within- or between-object codes determine behaviour. Between-object coding may be linked to the dorsal visual system while parallel coding of parts within objects takes place in the ventral system, although there may additionally be some dorsal involvement either when attention must be shifted within objects or when explicit spatial coding of parts is necessary for object identification.     

Learning viewpoint-invariant face representations from visual experience in an attractor network

In natural visual experience, different views of an object or face tend to appear in close temporal proximity as an animal manipulates the object or navigates around it, or as a face changes expression or pose. A set of simulations is presented which demonstrate how viewpoint-invariant representations of faces can be developed from visual experience by capturing the temporal relationships among the input patterns. The simulations explored the interaction of temporal smoothing of activity signals with Hebbian learning in both a feedforward layer and a second, recurrent layer of a network. The feedforward connections were trained by competitive Hebbian learning with temporal smoothing of the post-synaptic unit activities. The recurrent layer was a generalization of a Hopfield network with a low-pass temporal filter on all unit activities. The combination of basic Hebbian learning with temporal smoothing of unit activities produced an attractor network learning rule that associated temporally proximal input patterns into basins of attraction. These two mechanisms were demonstrated in a model that took grey-level images of faces as input. Following training on image sequences of faces as they changed pose, multiple views of a given face fell into the same basin of attraction, and the system acquired representations of faces that were approximately viewpoint-invariant.     

Fate of Anionic Surfactants in a 38?ML/Day UASB-Based Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant: Case Study

The outcome of a 15-month monitoring study (August 2004–October 2005) on the anionic surfactants (AS), at the 38?ML/day up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB)-based sewage treatment plant (STP) is described. The average removal of AS was only around 57%. Appreciable concentration of AS was being discharged to the watercourse (average 2.41?mg/L; range 0.63–5.16?mg/L). On an average dried sludge contained 1,560?mg?AS?kg?1 dry weight. Mass balance indicated that, AS load of the orders of 23 and 33% is removed by adsorption in UASB reactors and polishing ponds (PP), respectively. Biodegradation of AS under anaerobic conditions in UASB reactors and PP does not seem to take place. In the sludge stream, appreciable biodegradation ( ≈ 70%) of adsorbed AS under aerobic conditions on the sludge drying beds takes place. If influent AS mass flux is normalized to 100?units, than 43 and 7?units are discharged with treated effluent and dried sludge, respectively, whereas 33 and 16?units are adsorbed/settled in PP and aerobically biodegrade on sludge drying beds, respectively.     

Concept for Type-Local Instance–Global Instance Object Modeling and Application to Structural Design of Buildings

Rational data modeling is prerequisite to the computerization of design, and the use of design information in the subsequent work, in areas such as cost estimation and construction. In particular, the structural design of buildings consists of a long series of unit steps and is nonprocedural and data intensive compared with structural analysis problems that are procedural and computation intensive. Hence, there is a need to investigate the characteristics of the problem and to structure design information properly to effectively manage it in the structural design process. This paper discusses modeling concepts for managing design information efficiently and supporting the design process effectively. Type-local instance–global instance object modeling is the conceptual backbone of the model in this study and provides consistent modeling of structural components including not only primitive members such as beams and columns, but also composite elements such as floors, frames, and even whole buildings. This paper also provides core and extended object concepts for classifying structural design information into an overall design and for processing dependent temporary stages in the design. Foundational and application object concepts are introduced for extending the model to various types of structures. An integrated structural design system for buildings is developed based on these modeling concepts, and finally a brief discussion of the application of the object model throughout the entire structural design process in the integrated structural design system is given. It is expected that the modeling concepts proposed in this research can be applied to a range of other engineering applications.     

Anxiety sensitivity: theoretical perspectives and recent findings

Anxiety sensitivity (AS) is the fear of anxiety-related sensations, which arises from beliefs that these sensations have harmful somatic, psychological or social consequences. According to Reiss (1991), AS is one of three fundamental fears that amplify or cause many common fears. AS also is thought to play an important role in causing panic attacks. The purpose of the present article is to review recent findings concerning the construct of AS and its place in the nomological network outlined by Reiss. Although the weight of evidence supports a unifactorial model of AS, recent findings suggest AS is multifactorial at the level of first-order factors, and these factors load on a single higher-order factor. People with elevated AS, compared to those with low AS, are more likely to have histories of panic attacks. AS is factorially distinct from other fundamental fears, and is more strongly related to agoraphobia than other common fears. AS can be regarded as a subfactor of trait anxiety, and is more strongly related to agoraphobia than other common fears. AS can be regarded as a subfactor of trait anxiety, although the question arises as to whether AS is a cause of trait anxiety. Important questions for further investigation concern the etiology of AS and whether it can be reduced to still more basic fears.     

磨矿分级自动化在鑫汇矿业公司的应用

基于鑫汇矿业公司选矿厂现有工艺流程及设备,对磨矿分级设备进行了自动化控制改造。技术改造主要为了提升磨矿设备自动化水平展开,利用电耳传感器、功率变送器等对球磨机磨矿状态进行监测,以此来自动调节给矿量;分级系统利用液位计、旋流器给矿压力、补水调节等自动控制分级泵变频器运转频率,通过浓度计、粒度计将产品合格率信号输送到主控机,确保给水和给矿量实现最优化、球磨处理量达到最大化,最大程度提高旋流器溢流粒度合格率,为下一步浮选工序创造最优的作业条件。鑫汇矿业公司磨矿分级自动化控制改造取得了很好的应用效果,不仅增加了球磨机的处理能力,还收到了显著的经济及社会效益。     

Identification, repetition, and psychological growth: An expansion of relational theory.

This article extends previous work (S. Stern, 2002) examining the place of identification within a contemporary intersubjective theoretical framework. It is argued that (a) identification is as central to psychological life as Freud thought--we merely have lost the conceptual lens to see its central position--and (b) identification has been implicitly central in many contemporary theories of the self. An unconscious search for a certain kind of identificatory experience animates many instances of pathological repetition as well as many transformative analytic encounters. This idea represents an expansion of current relational theory, which has held to a more conservative, Fairbairnian view of repetition as driven by attachment to old object ties. One extended and 2 brief clinical examples are offered. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

钢液温度和硫含量对脱氮动力学了影响

在LECO436氧氮分析仪上研究了1600~2813℃温度范围内钢液脱氮动力学。结果表明:温度低时,脱氮受液相边界层传质及界面化学反应混合控制,温度高时,脱氮受液相边界层传质过程控制。在2250℃以下,温度对k₁'的影响服从Arrhenius公式。硫对脱氮的阻碍作用随着温度的升高而降低,在温度2250℃以上,硫的表面活性作用消失。     

传热模型对炉衬设计与粘渣护炉关系的分析

通过建立耐火材料炉衬的传热模型，分析了炉衬内不同材料间厚度，导热系数、温度与粘渣层性能、厚度间的关系，认为在选择炉衬结构时，必须考虑炉衬的渣耗附性能，适当增加法的厚度，同时注意调整砖的导热系数与结构，以利于延长炉衬使用寿命，降低维持炉衬长寿运行的成本，模型设立有利于转炉粘渣护炉及高炉钒钛护炉技术下炉衬结构设计的合理改进。