蒸煮助剂对稻麦草亚硫酸钾蒸煮的作用

研究了新型蒸煮助剂磷酸钾和常规蒸煮助剂蒽醌、CT-1在稻麦草的亚硫酸钾蒸煮中的作用.实验结果表明磷酸钾对稻草和麦草亚硫酸钾蒸煮具有不同程度降低纸浆硬度的作用.蒽醌对于麦草亚硫酸钾法蒸煮有显著作用.而蒽醌和CT-1对于稻草亚硫酸钾法蒸煮没有起到明显作用.     

亚硫酸盐在食品加工中的应用

亚硫酸盐具有漂白、杀菌、防腐和抗氧化等多种作用,被广泛用于食品加工、药材保藏中。亚硫酸盐作为食品添加剂的有效成分为二氧化硫,是最主要的大气污染物,具有一定的危害,应在限量内使用。     

食品中亚硫酸盐快速测定新方法

建立了一种快速测定食品中亚硫酸根的分光光度法。在20℃下,pH6～8磷酸盐缓冲溶液中,亚硫酸盐使亮绿褪色,10min后反应达到平衡,在最大吸收波长630nm处亮绿的吸光度降低值与亚硫酸盐含量呈线性关系。二氧化硫含量在0～8mg/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,回归方程为:ΔA=0.0045C+0.0143,相关系数0.9928。实际样品检测表明该方法适合多种食品中亚硫酸根的检测,结果令人满意。     

油炸食品裹涂和蒸煮工艺探讨

<正> 随着快餐业及方便食品工业的蓬勃发展,油炸食品的需求量日益上升,深加工市场对油炸方便食品上涂及面包屑滚粘工艺和蒸煮技术的要求也愈来愈高,Meyn Further Processing公司为此开发出新型的PRODUSTER预涂机和两种热空气烤炉。 裹涂工艺 预涂料的分布 预涂料的均匀分布,是方便食品生产的重点环节,该预涂机的旋转分布系统能使预涂料很好地分布于整个输送带,无论产品在输送带的任何位     

食品中亚硫酸盐的毒性和检测方法综述

亚硫酸盐作为一类食品添加剂,具有漂白、防腐、抗氧化、抑制细菌生长等作用,被广泛应用于食品加工中。然而摄入过量的亚硫酸盐会对人体造成全身性的危害。如何控制食品中亚硫酸盐含量成为食品安全面临的一大难题。为了深刻地认识亚硫酸盐对人体的危害,解决食品中二氧化硫残留量超标问题,本论文对食品中的亚硫酸盐进行综述,介绍了食品中亚硫酸盐的存在形式、作用、限量标准及现状,重点阐述了食品中亚硫酸盐对人体的毒害作用,列举了目前国内外食品中亚硫酸盐检测方法,为食品中亚硫酸盐控制提供一定的参考与借鉴。     

食品中亚硫酸盐检测方法研究进展

亚硫酸盐因其具有漂白、防腐、抗氧化、抑制细菌生长、控制酶促反应等作用,作为食品添加剂被广泛应用于食品工业。随着研究的逐步深入,亚硫酸盐的安全性问题日益受到人们的关注。本文列举了各国检测标准及常用检测方法,分析比较了不同方法的优缺点,探讨了各种方法的局限性和适用范围,为不同食品中亚硫酸盐的检测提供了一定参考和借鉴。     

Domestic cooking and food skills: A review

Domestic cooking skills (CS) and food skills (FS) encompass multiple components, yet there is a lack of consensus on their constituent parts, inter-relatedness, or measurement, leading to limited empirical support for their role in influencing dietary quality. This review assessed the measurement of CS and FS in adults (>16 years); critically examining study designs, psychometric properties of measures, theoretical basis, and associations of CS/FS with diet. Electronic databases (PsychInfo), published reports, and systematic reviews on cooking and home food preparation interventions provided 834 articles of which 26 met the inclusion criteria. Multiple CS/FS measures were identified across three study designs—qualitative, cross-sectional, and dietary interventions—conducted from 1998 to 2013. Most measures were not theory-based, limited psychometric data were available, with little consistency of items or scales used for CS/FS measurements. Some positive associations between CS/FS and fruit and vegetables intake were reported, though lasting dietary changes were uncommon. The role of psycho-social (e.g., gender, attitudes) and external factors (e.g., food availability) on CS/FS is discussed. A conceptual framework of CS/FS components is presented for future measurement facilitation, which highlights the role for CS/FS on food-related behavior and dietary quality. This will aid future dietary intervention design.     

Influence of cooking conditions on cooking loss and tenderness of raw and marinated chicken breast meat

The influence of different cooking treatments on tenderness and cooking loss, as main quality characteristics of chicken breast meat, was investigated. Industrial skinless chicken breast meat samples were designated as raw and marinated and cooked in the oven by hot air and hot air-steam mixture at 130, 150 and 170 °C, for 4, 8 and 12 min. Cooking losses were evaluated by weight changes before and after cooking, and tenderness changes were determined on cooked samples by measuring shear force using instrumental texture analysis. Results showed that marination, followed by air-steam cooking is the best combination to obtain the most tender chicken breast slices. The time and temperature of cooking showed similar effects on cooking loss and tenderness: short cooking time (4 min) and temperatures of 130–150 °C resulted in lower cooking losses and best meat tenderness, in both not marinated and marinated meat. Statistically significant correlations between tenderness and cooking loss indicated that the cooking loss correlated better with cooking time than with cooking temperature. An opposite phenomenon was observed for meat tenderness.     

天然植物食用香辛料在烹调中的应用

文章主要介绍了天然植物食用香辛料在烹饪中的调香、调味、调色和延长烹饪原料的保质期等方面的作用及运用,旨在为烹饪行业合理地运用香辛料提供一定的理论依据,从而更好地发挥香辛料的使用价值。     

食物中的嘌呤及其在食品加工过程中的降解方法

文章对近些年食物中嘌呤含量分布、检测方法应用、烹饪加工嘌呤降解率、低嘌呤食物等方面进行了综述,并对其未来的发展方向进行了展望的研究。     

Effect of mode of cutting on cooking loss in beef

Cooking loss has been studied in beef rectus abdominis and sternomandibularis muscles. The form of these muscles, the first a flat sheet and the second a rod of elliptical cross-section, both bounded by intact surfaces, has allowed systematic patterns of cutting, giving differing distances along the fibre between cut ends. The cooking loss increases as the distance between cut ends is reduced, and is similar in both muscles. Mince has a lower cooking loss than 1 cm or 2 cm slices. The evidence strongly suggests that loss is almost exclusively along the fibres to the cut ends. The greatest loss is in the 2 cm adjoining the cuts. The large variation in loss with length is not reflected in the shortening along the fibre during cooking, which remains close to 25% irrespective of length. The lower loss in longer pieces of M. sternomandibularis is associated with a slightly higher level of tenderness. Freezing increases cooking loss in 4 to 16 cm lengths but not in shorter pieces or mince.     

西餐厨师京城献艺——第二届京城西餐厨艺创新表演赛获奖作品展示

近期, "食尚秀"--第二届京城西餐厨艺创新表演赛在京圆满结束.此次活动得到了西餐厅、西式连锁餐厅、星级酒店、大型时尚餐厅的经理人和厨师长、热点西餐供应企业、西餐名厨、使馆官员及行业专家人士的高度关注及积极参与.活动中还有来自天津、上海、山西、秦皇岛、郑州等地的西餐厅经理人和厨师长的交流及学习.参加活动的嘉宾人数近500人,活动现场一度"人满为患".     

不同烹调方法对食品营养素的影响

食品在烹饪时要发生物理和化学变化,通过这些变化,可以增加色、香、味,刺激食欲,利于食品的消化吸收,但同时也会使一些营养素受到破坏。不同的烹调方法对食品营养素的破坏程度也不同。     

Effect of electrical stimulation and cooking temperature on the within-sample variation of cooking loss and shear force of lamb

Electrical stimulation decreased the shear force and increased the cooking loss in seven paired lamb Longissimus dorsi (LD) muscles. This treatment did not have any effect on the within-sample variation. Cooking in 55°, 65° and 75°C water baths for 90 min caused a linear increase in the cooking loss and shear force. There was no stimulation-cooking temperature interaction observed. Cooking temperature also had no effect on the within-sample variation. A possible explanation as to why electrical stimulation did not affect the within-sample variation is given.     

Leaching of aluminium from utensils during cooking of food

The use of aluminium utensils for cooking provides an important route for aluminium metal to enter foods. Leaching of aluminium from utensils made of aluminium, indalium (alloy of aluminium), stainless steel and hard anodised aluminium was studied under different conditions of pH and boiling time. Low pH was found to enhance leaching of aluminium from the utensils. The leaching was found to be the highest during first‐time preparation (new utensils) of all the foods as compared with second‐and third‐time preparations using the same utensils. Leaching of aluminium during the preparation of various traditional Indian foods was found to be negligible in hard anodised aluminium utensils, indicating the advantage of using such vessels for food preparation over simple aluminium and indalium utensils. Cereals contribute a smaller amount of aluminium to the total daily intake than legumes. Copyright © 2006 Society of Chemical Industry     

蒸馏法测定食品中亚硫酸盐的不确定度评定

建立采用GB/T 5009.34-2003食品中亚硫酸盐的测定——蒸馏法测定亚硫酸盐不确定度评定的数学模型,对检测过程中引入的不确定度进行了分类和量化,较为全面地评定了各个不确定度分量,并提出应用该方法检测的不确定度评定结果。     

真空低温加热制品的品质及安全性研究进展

真空低温加热技术是指将原料或半成品食物经过真空密封包装后在较低温度(动物源制品50～70℃,植物源制品80～100℃)下长时加热,提高产品品质和安全性,减少营养流失的方法。本文综述了真空低温加热技术对动物和植物源制品中的品质及安全性影响的研究进展,总结了真空低温加热技术对动物源制品微生物安全性、物理性质、挥发性化合物以及杂环胺含量的影响,并对真空低温加热前后植物源制品的质构特性以及热敏性化合物的结构和含量变化进行介绍。本文总结了该技术目前的应用现状及未来发展方向,以期为真空低温加热技术在我国的广泛应用提供理论指导。