A joint communication and computing resource management scheme for pervasive grid networks

The last years have been characterized by an increasing interest in the grid and cloud computing that allow the implementation of high performance computing structures in a distributed way by exploiting multiple processing resources. The presence of mobile terminals has extended the paradigm to the so called pervasive grid networks, where multiple heterogeneous devices are interconnected to form a distributed computing resource. In such a scenario, there is the need of efficient techniques for providing reliable wireless connections among network nodes. This paper deals with the proposal of a suitable resource management scheme relying on a routing algorithm able to perform jointly the resource discovery and task scheduling for implementing an efficient pervasive grid infrastructure in a wireless ad hoc scenario. The proposed solutions have been considered within two different parallelization processing schemes, and their effectiveness has been verified by resorting to computer simulations. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Adaptive wireless thin‐client model for mobile computing

The thin‐client computing model has the potential to significantly increase the performance of mobile computing environments. By delivering any application through a single, small‐footprint client (called a thin client) implemented on a mobile device, it is possible to optimize application performance without the need for building wireless application gateways. We thus present two significant contributions in the area of wireless thin‐client computing. Firstly, a mathematical performance model is derived for wireless thin‐client system. This model identifies factors that affect the performance of the system and supports derivation and analysis of adaptation strategies to maintain a user‐specified quality of service (QoS). Secondly, a proxy‐based adaptation framework is developed for wireless thin‐client systems, which dynamically optimizes performance of a wireless thin client via dynamically discovered context. This is implemented with rule‐based fuzzy logic that responds to variations in wireless link bandwidth and client processing power. Our fuzzy inference engine uses contextual data to dynamically optimize tradeoffs among different quality of service parameters offered to the end users. Additionally, our adaptation framework uses highly scalable wavelet‐based image coding to provide scalable QoS that can degrade gracefully. Our thin‐client adaptation framework shields the user from ill effects of highly variable wireless network quality and mobile device resources. This improves performance of active applications, in which the display changes frequently. Further, active application behaviour may produce high transmission latency for screen updates, which can adversely affect user perception of QoS, resulting in poor interactivity. We report measured adaptive performance under realistic mobile device and network conditions for several different clients and servers. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Centaurus: An Infrastructure for Service Management in Ubiquitous Computing Environments

In the near future, we will see dramatic changes in computing and networking hardware. A large number of devices (e.g., phones, PDAs, even small household appliances) will become computationally enabled. Micro/nano sensors will be widely embedded in most engineered artifacts, from the clothes we wear to the roads we drive on. All of these devices will be (wirelessly) networked using Bluetooth, IEEE 802.15 or IEEE 802.11 for short range connectivity creating pervasive environments. In this age where a large number of wirelessly networked appliances and devices are becoming commonplace, there is a necessity for providing a standard interface to them that is easily accessible by any user. This paper outlines the design of Centaurus, an infrastructure for presenting services to heterogeneous mobile clients in a physical space via some short range wireless links. The infrastructure is communication medium independent; we have implemented the system over Bluetooth, CDPD and Infrared, three well-known wireless technologies. All the components in our model use a language based on Extensible Markup Language (XML) for communication, giving the system a uniform and easily adaptable interface. Centaurus defines a uniform infrastructure for heterogeneous services, both hardware and software, to be made available to diverse mobile users within a confined space.     

基于OSGI的智能家庭系统的设计与实现

为了解决普适环境下智能家庭各类设备组网困难的问题,本系统采用OSGi(Open Service Gateway Initiative)服务框架和LonWorks现场总线技术,利用低压电力线载波手段来设计和实现智能家庭系统.利用上述方法可以极大地实现不同标准设备的组网,并且可以实现对智能家庭设备管理的灵活性和便捷性.     

QoS-Aware Service Selection Algorithms for Pervasive Service Composition in Mobile Wireless Environments

The successful application of pervasive services running in mobile wireless networks and devices relies on its ability to provide efficient and cost-effective QoS (Quality of Service) support. This paper proposes a comprehensive QoS model specifically for pervasive services. It considers not only user-perceived factors but also mobile wireless network characteristics. The corresponding formula to calculate each QoS criterion is also devised. In particular, this paper formulates the QoS-aware service selection problem for pervasive service composition and proposes some solutions to the problem, i.e., global-search-based LOSSA (local optimal service selection algorithm) and limited broadcast based LOSSA-k. The evaluation results of the algorithms have shown the effectiveness of the QoS model and the efficiency of the proposed LOSSAs.     

A web service‐based internet of things framework for mobile resource augmentation

Mobile devices are the primary communication tool in day to day life of the people. Nowadays, the enhancement of the mobile applications namely IoTApps and their exploitation in various domains like healthcare monitoring, home automation, smart farming, smart grid, and smart city are crucial. Though mobile devices are providing seamless user experience anywhere, anytime, and anyplace, their restricted resources such as limited battery capacity, constrained processor speed, inadequate storage, and memory are hindering the development of resource‐intensive mobile applications and internet of things (IoT)‐based mobile applications. To solve this resource constraint problem, a web service‐based IoT framework is proposed by exploiting fuzzy logic methodologies. This framework augments the resources of mobile devices by offloading the resource‐intensive subtasks from mobile devices to the service providing entities like Arduino, Raspberry PI controller, edge cloud, and distant cloud. Based on the recommended framework, an online Repository of Instructional Talk (RIoTalk) is successfully implemented to store and analyze the classroom lectures given by faculty in our study site. Simulation results show that there is a significant reduction in energy consumption, execution time, bandwidth utilization, and latency. The proposed research work significantly increases the resources of mobile devices by offloading the resource‐intensive subtasks from the mobile device to the service provider computing entities thereby providing Quality of Service (QoS) and Quality of Experience (QoE) to mobile users.     

普适计算环境下无线传感器网络研究

主要对在普适计算(ubiquitous computing or pervasive computing)环境下的无线传感器网络进行了研究。首先,介绍普适计算和无线传感器网络概念;其次,论述在普适计算环境下,无线传感器网络各项技术的研究,包括:面向普适计算的无线传感器网络中间件研究,无线传感器网络与物联网的融合研究和普适环境下无线传感器网络的各项关键性技术研究,如传感器的功耗问题和节点供电问题。最后:无线传感器网络的一些优点能方便人们更好地实现普适计算中的通信、感知、场景识别等功能,在未来,它将会是实现普适计算的主要途径。     

Swarm intelligence‐based anycast routing protocol in ubiquitous networks

As digital devices with communication capability become more pervasive, we are entering the era of ubiquitous computing, as predicted by Mark Weiser. In ubiquitous environments, distributed context management servers are deployed everywhere to provide information and computing resources for users anytime and anywhere. Smart handheld computing devices with context‐aware applications may retrieve context information from the nearest server. This study investigates the problem of routing packets to the nearest server in a ubiquitous environment. An anycast routing protocol based on swarm intelligence, referred to as ARPSI, is proposed to route packets dynamically to a nearby server in a mobile, ad hoc, wireless network. Based on swarm intelligence, ARPSI is able to find a short path to a neighboring server efficiently and quickly. Simulations are conducted to evaluate the performance of ARPSI and our simulation results show that ARPSI achieves a higher packet delivery ratio, shorter routing path to anycast servers, and lower control packet overhead than the AODV‐based anycast protocol (A‐AODV) protocol. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Supporting the WWW in Wireless Communications Through Mobile Agents

Mobile computing is considered of major importance to the computing industry for the forthcoming years due to the progress in wireless mobile communications. We present a proxy-based architecture that manages to accelerate Web browsing in wireless Customer Premises Networks (CPN). We discuss how such an architecture is implemented using the IBM Aglets framework for mobile agents. The suggested architecture relies heavily on proxy caches – maintained in base stations – which are relocated to follow a roaming user in other control areas (clusters of cells). The cache management scheme involves relocation of full caches to the most-likely-to-be visited control areas, but also fractions of the cache to less-likely-to-be-visited neighbours. A movement prediction algorithm, based on a learning automaton, is used to determine the future location of the terminal. The discussed architecture components have been implemented as Aglets to allow for the efficient introduction of the service in a CPN infrastructure.     

A Low-Complexity Routing Algorithm with Power Control for Self-Organizing Short-Range Wireless Networks

Mobile computing has become very pervasive, where the number of electronic devices equipped with wireless capabilities has increased significantly in recent years. This poses serious demands on wireless, mobile and self-organizing networks. Despite the fact that devices are getting smaller and more powerful, advances in battery technology have not yet reached the stage where devices can autonomously operate for days. Therefore, devices for self-organizing networks will strongly rely on the efficient use of their batteries. We present a cluster-based low-complexity routing algorithm for self-organizing networks of mobile nodes. Our proposed algorithm, called Cluster-based Energy-saving Routing Algorithm (CERA), allows mobile nodes to autonomously create clusters to minimize the power consumption. CERA is implemented as two separate protocols: the intra-cluster data-dissemination protocol, and the inter-cluster routing protocol. We present an extensive analysis of the overall protocol architecture by varying the critical factors related to protocol behavior. As a result, the CERA implementation generally saves up to 25% of energy, while keeping the overhead, in terms of energy consumption, acceptably low.     

Pervasive access to images and data--the use of computing grids and mobile/wireless devices across healthcare enterprises.

Emerging technologies are transforming the workflows in healthcare enterprises. Computing grids and handheld mobile/wireless devices are providing clinicians with enterprise-wide access to all patient data and analysis tools on a pervasive basis. In this paper, emerging technologies are presented that provide computing grids and streaming-based access to image and data management functions, and system architectures that enable pervasive computing on a cost-effective basis. Finally, the implications of such technologies are investigated regarding the positive impacts on clinical workflows.     

普适计算环境下的安全访问模型

针对移动终端的普及和可信计算技术对移动终端通信模式的影响，为满足普适计算环境的安全访问需求，本文提出普适计算环境下的安全访问模型，该模型定义了普适计算环境下用户的本地注册、域内访问和域间漫游3种机制，并详细介绍了相应的工作流程.安全性证明表明本文机制是CK安全的；分析显示本文模型在匿名性、安全性和效率上的优势，使其更加适合在普适计算环境下使用.     

Pervasive Access to Images and Data—The Use of Computing Grids and Mobile/Wireless Devices Across Healthcare Enterprises

Emerging technologies are transforming the workflows in healthcare enterprises. Computing grids and handheld mobile/wireless devices are providing clinicians with enterprise-wide access to all patient data and analysis tools on a pervasive basis. In this paper, emerging technologies are presented that provide computing grids and streaming-based access to image and data management functions, and system architectures that enable pervasive computing on a cost-effective basis. Finally, the implications of such technologies are investigated regarding the positive impacts on clinical workflows     

异构个人域网络中的服务发现机制

个人周边智能设备与移动业务的融合促进了服务发现机制的发展,智能设备的增加和移动性也使得现有服务发现机制很难在用户移动当中始终提供有效服务。在对个人周边的异构网络特征分析的基础上,利用组播和信息熔合等技术,提供了一套适用于节点具有群组移动性、异构性的动态网络的可靠的服务发现机制,并且不会消耗过多的系统带宽资源。     

移动边缘计算安全研究

移动边缘计算具有靠近用户、业务本地处理、灵活路由等特点,成为满足5G低时延业务需求的关键技术之一。由于移动边缘计算靠近用户、处于相对不安全的环境、核心网控制能力减弱等,存在非授权访问、敏感数据泄露、(D)DoS攻击等安全风险。本文在介绍边缘计算概念、应用场景的基础上,分析移动边缘计算的安全威胁、安全防护框架、安全防护方案,并展望后续研究方向。     

Querying in Packs: Trustworthy Data Management in Ad Hoc Networks

We describe a trust-based data management framework enabling mobile devices to access the distributed computation, storage, and sensory resources available in pervasive computing environments. Available resources include those in the fixed surrounding infrastructure as well as services offered by other nearby mobile devices. We take a holistic approach that considers data trust, security, and privacy and focus on the collaborative mechanisms providing a trustworthy data management platform in an ad hoc network. The framework is based on a pack formation mechanism that enables collaborative peer interactions using context information and landmarks. A pack provides a routing substrate allowing devices to find reliable information sources and coordinated pro-active and reactive mechanisms to detect and respond to malicious activity. Consequently, a pack forms a foundation for distributed trust management and data intensive interactions. We describe our data management framework with an emphasis on pack formation in mobile ad hoc networks and present preliminary results from simulation experiments.     

云计算在移动环境下的多融合服务研究

云计算是一种新型的基础服务共享架构方法,是分布式计算的重要发展里程碑,云计算可以看作是网格技术与基于移动环境感知的动态虚拟计算的有机融合。基于方面的云计算架构与SOA相结合,基于该框架来描述和表达移动实体之间以及无线运动智能动态服务之间的交互与协调,描述它们之间的可信的通信活动以及移动实体或服务与所在环境的交互活动。基于云计算的多融合服务组合是构建上下文环境服务组合的有效方法,多融合服务在原有服务提供的同时,云计算环境感知实现异构信息的有机匹配,体现多融合信息的动态特性和多种形式的融合。     

面向移动云计算的自适应服务选择方法研究

Despite the rapid advances in mobile tech-nology, many constraints still prevent mobile de-vices from running resource-demanding applica-tions in mobile environments. Cloud computing with flexibility, stability and scalability enables ac-cess to unlimited resources for mobile devices, so more studies have focused on cloud computing- based mobile services. Due to the stability of wire-less networks, changes of Quality of Service (QoS) level and user' real-time preferences, it is becoming challenging to determine how to adaptively choose the “appropriate”service in mobile cloud compu-ting environments. In this paper, we present an a-daptive service selection method. This method first extracts user preferences from a service's evaluation and calculates the similarity of the service with the weighted Euclidean distance. Then, they are com-bined with user context data and the most suitable service is recommended to the user. In addition, we apply the fuzzy cognitive maps-based model to the adaptive policy, which improves the efficiency and performance of the algorithm. Finally, the experi-ment and simulation demonstrate that our approach is effective.     

A Survey of Mobile Cloud Computing

Mobile Cloud Computing (MCC) is emerging as one of the most important branches of cloud computing. In this paper, MCC is defined as cloud computing extended by mobility, and a new ad-hoc infrastructure based on mobile devices. It provides mobile users with data storage and processing services on a cloud computing platform. Because mobile cloud computing is still in its infancy, we aim to clarify confusion that has arisen from different views. Existing works are reviewed, and an overview of recent advances in mobile cloud computing is provided. We investigate representative infrastructures of mobile cloud computing and analyze key components. Moreover, emerging MCC models and services are discussed, and challenging issues are identified that will need to be addressed in future work.