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Oscar TP 《Food microbiology》2011,28(4):777-781
Proper identification of safe and unsafe food at the processing plant is important for maximizing the public health benefit of food by ensuring both its consumption and safety. Risk assessment is a holistic approach to food safety that consists of four steps: 1) hazard identification; 2) exposure assessment; 3) hazard characterization; and 4) risk characterization. Risk assessments are modeled by mapping the risk pathway as a series of unit operations and associated pathogen events and then using probability distributions and a random sampling method to simulate the rare, random, variable and uncertain nature of pathogen events in the risk pathway. To model pathogen events, a rare event modeling approach is used that links a discrete distribution for incidence of the pathogen event with a continuous distribution for extent of the pathogen event. When applied to risk assessment, rare event modeling leads to the conclusion that the most highly contaminated food at the processing plant does not necessarily pose the highest risk to public health because of differences in post-processing risk factors among distribution channels and consumer populations. Predictive microbiology models for individual pathogen events can be integrated with risk assessment models using the rare event modeling method. 相似文献
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近10余年来,我国依照《食品安全法》开展包括微生物风险评估在内的食品安全风险评估体系建设,微生物风险评估工作体系和技术体系等方面取得明显进展,成为我国开展食源性致病微生物风险评估的重要基础.随着全球后疫情时代食品供应链的变化和新技术的快速发展以及我国食品安全治理现代化需求的增加,构建基于我国膳食消费行为的评估模型、提高... 相似文献
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Leporq B Membré JM Dervin C Buche P Guyonnet JP 《International journal of food microbiology》2005,100(1-3):231-237
Describing the Sym'Previus project, the software and its deliverable facilities is the aim of this present paper. This software concerns all the partners of the food industry who are involved in the management of food safety and allows food-borne pathogen behaviour in food to be predicted, as function of the environment (nature of the food, manufacturing process, conditions of conservation). This analysis of microbial behaviour has been possible thanks to the progress made in predictive microbiology since the 1980s. Sym'Previus offers to food industry professionals and their partners the possibility of applying this progress, by giving access to a database, to simulation systems and expertise. 相似文献
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为进一步完善食品安全标准管理制度,对目前我国食品安全标准管理和制修订工作的现状及存在的问题做了深入分析。文章提出了食品安全标准管理中存在问题,包括食品安全国家标准的内容和效力、承担标准制修订的责任主体、临时管理限量值的制定程序、标准的发布形式、食品添加剂、食品相关产品和保健食品的管理模式、食品安全地方标准和企业标准的管理问题、参与国际标准存在的问题等等。在此基础上,提出了通过修改现行《食品安全法》,进一步完善食品安全标准管理制度的建议。 相似文献
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Steam meals are ready-to-eat meals composed of raw and semi-cooked ingredients, which get cooked while microwave heating. In this study, an Indian style meal was selected, Chicken Tandoori, from two different producers. These meals were first evaluated with the Risk Ranger® to identify the main foodborne pathogens risks, which were Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella Typhimurium and Bacillus cereus. Thereafter, quantitative microbiology was applied using different models and verified with growth and inactivation challenge tests. It was observed that the gamma model and the ComBase program® showed very similar results. However, in some cases the results obtained with the challenge tests showed different results. The information gathered was used to create different scenarios which indicate how to manage the risks by setting Performance Objectives during the different stages of the food chain of this product and hence reaching a suggested Food Safety Objective. 相似文献
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BackgroundFoodborne outbreaks continue to occur regardless of existing food safety measures indicating the shortcomings of these measures to assure food safety. This has led to the recognition of food safety culture as a key contributory factor to the food safety performance of food establishments.Scope and approachThe aim of this paper is to identify determinants for conducting food safety culture research, using the systems approach as the underlying philosophy to guide the structured reconsideration of national, organisational and safety culture literature, in view of food safety.Key findings and conclusionsFood safety culture is complex and many interlinking factors are at play. The analysis of ‘culture’ literature showed that food safety culture research should acknowledge the impact of national culture, specify hierarchical level(s) (strategic, tactical, and operational), establish underlying mechanisms, and consider the company's food risks and context characteristics. Major elements to be considered in food safety culture research include organisational and administrative characteristics (i.e. food safety vision, communication, commitment, leadership, training), technical facilities/resources (i.e. food hygiene/safety tools, equipment, & facilities), employee characteristics (i.e. attitudes, knowledge, perceptions and risk awareness), group characteristics, crucial FSMS characteristics, and actual food safety performance. Methodological requirements for food safety culture research include use of the systems approach, measurable indicators, classification systems for differentiated assessment, and use of multiple methods to enhance research validity. The identified food safety culture research determinants provide an underpinned and transparent starting point to the common understanding and research of food safety culture. 相似文献
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结合食品安全执法实践,对当前我国《食品安全法》中复检机构选择、过程监控、使用过期食品添加剂、餐饮具集中消毒、从业人员健康管理、肇事单位行政责任等方面存在的问题进行了分析,同时针对这些问题,提出了从立法层面完善惩处机制、把实施标准贯穿于食品加工全过程、将餐饮具集中消毒纳入食品安全法律范畴、落实企业法律责任、转变监管模式、推进诚信体系建设等相应的立法对策。 相似文献
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国内外食品安全风险评估在风险管理中的应用概况 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
食品安全风险评估是制定食品安全标准等食品安全监管措施的科学基础和依据,为了发挥食品安全风险评估在食品安全监管中的作用,一些国家建立了专门开展食品安全风险评估的机构,我国也按照《食品安全法》要求成立了国家食品安全风险评估专家委员会开展风险评估工作。食品安全风险评估技术手段在食品安全标准制定、突发食品安全事件处理及风险交流中发挥越来越重要的作用,但基于我国面临的食品安全形势及食品安全监管的需要,还需要从机构、风险评估能力、技术和人才队伍等方面加强我国食品安全风险评估体系建设。 相似文献
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目的 建立职工餐厅食品安全质量管理体系.方法 根据ISO22000食品安全管理体系、HACCP管理体系、《中华人民共和国食品安全法》及职工餐厅各项管理类法规和政策,结合管理运营工作实际,建立符合中大型职工餐厅适用的食品安全质量管理体系.结果 把日常餐饮管理提高到了质量管理高度,确定了食品质量安全目标,管理人员组织架构及... 相似文献
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食品中转基因表达蛋白的危险性评估 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
随着转基因技术的商业化发展,直接或间接来源于转基因作物的食品日益增多。对食品中外源性基因表达蛋白质的研究是转基因食品安全性评价工作中的重要部分。本文从安全食用历史、生物信息学分析、体外稳定性研究、作用方式研究、毒理学试验等方面,对目前常见转基因表达蛋白的危险性评估进行了综述。 相似文献
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转基因食品的安全性评价 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
转基因食品的安全性一直受到各国政府、科学工作者及广大消费者的重视如何科学地评价该类食品的安全性,FAO/WHO等国际组织提出了一些政策性建议本文就转基因食品安全性评价的发展、评价原则、安全性要求、评价方法等作综述 相似文献
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2015年4月24日,新修订的《中华人民共和国食品安全法》已由全国人大常委会表决通过,并将于2015年10月1日起正式实施。与2009年的《食品安全法》相比,新法引入了新的立法理念,对婴幼儿配方乳粉、农药使用等进行了比较全面的规制,但是对诸如《食品安全法》与其他法律的衔接、协调等争议性问题没有很好地解决。本文从《食品安全法》修订的背景入手,对新法的立法理念、亮点与不足之处进行探析,发现新《食品安全法》在与其他法律衔接、机构整合以及政府管理模式方面存在着许多不足;进而从如何形成统一协调的法律链条,如何合理整合机构,掌握监管主导权、厘清市场与政府的界限及如何改变传统的监管方式等视角提出建议措施,以期为更好地贯彻执行新《食品安全法》,提高食品安全监管水平提供借鉴。 相似文献
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Adelino da Cunha‐Neto Larrayane Albuês Carvalho Vinicius Silva Castro Flvio Gomes Barcelos Ricardo Csar Tavares Carvalho Dlia dos Prazeres Rodrigues Carlos Adam Conte‐Junior Eduardo Eustquio de Souza Figueiredo 《International Journal of Dairy Technology》2020,73(1):296-300
Salmonella is one of the major causative agents of foodborne infections. In this study, 225 samples of different types of cheeses produced by the Brazilian dairy industry were analysed. Samples were submitted to a Salmonella spp. investigation using conventional microbiology, multiplex polymerase chain reaction (multiplex PCR) and the disc‐diffusion method. The occurrence of Salmonella was 1.33% (3/225); two strains (S. Infantis and S. Schwarzengrund) were detected in Prato cheese, and one strain (S. Anatum) was detected in Mozzarella cheese. The three strains showed resistance to the antifolate pathway inhibitors trimethoprim and sulphonamide. Therefore, Salmonella spp. in cheese samples indicates a threat to consumer public health. 相似文献
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加拿大转基因食品监管体系简介 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
转基因食品在加拿大属于新资源食品。加拿大没有针对转基因食品的专门立法和管理部门,对转基因食品的管理涉及多部法律规章和管理部门。加拿大政府转基因食品安全管理以产品本身为基础,而不涉及产品生产过程,主要体现在全面的上市前安全评估制度和食品标签制度和食品标签制度两个方面。转基因食品在加拿大进行商业化上市销售前需经过加拿大卫生部、环境部和渔业海洋部等部门严格的安全性评估过程,上市后接受加拿大卫生部和加拿大食品检验局通过食品标签制度管理。当某一转基因食品通过安全性评估上市销售后,加拿大政府对转基因食品的种植不作继续监管,并且对转基因食品的标签也没有强制要求,也没有明确的转基因成分含量限值。 相似文献
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基因芯片技术是一种全新微量分析技术,目前已经成为研究的热点之一.本文综述了基因芯片技术的基本概念、基因芯片在肉品检测中的应用、探讨了基因芯片技术的优缺点,旨在为基因芯片技术的应用发展提供理论基础. 相似文献
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随着食品安全风险监测工作的深入开展,信息化将成为风险监测工作发展的重要技术支撑力量,信息化手段可以有效地提高监测性、科学性、准确性和前瞻性。本文从我国食品安全风险监测信息化现状、存在问题进行分析,针对性地提出了适应我国国情的食品安全风险监测信息化改进思路和建议,以期对今后的食品安全风险监测信息化实践提供参考。 相似文献