微型热式液体流量传感器的设计

设计了新型的微型热式液体流量传感器。它将测热式工作原理和热膜式工作原理结合起来,在精确测量小流量的同时,兼具较大的动态测量范围。该传感器利用MEMS工艺,在两层聚对二甲苯横膈膜中制作出极细的铂电阻丝,通过测量铂电阻丝随温度的变化来获得流量的信息。阐述了传感器的测量原理和微加工工艺流程,并对工作模式进行了流场温度场仿真,对该传感器的进一步优化提供了参考。     

Automatic measurement systems for testing user devices based on receiver-comparators of GLONASS/GPS signals

Design principles and technical characteristics of an automatic measuring complex providing metrological support for a broad range of radio- and electric measuring devices are considered, with testing system for frequency meters and wattmeters used as an example; high level of autonomy in the above-stated devices is ensured via modern technology, including receiver-comparators of GLONASS/GPS signals.     

基于BP神经网络的超声波测距非线性误差校正

本文结合笔者所设计的超声波测距仪,介绍了用神经网络校正超声波传感器的非线性误差的原理与方法,并提出了基于BP神经网络的超声波测距非线性误差校正的模型、算法及其硬件实现。通过理论分析和硬件实验,显示出BP神经网络对超声波传感器的温度补偿和非线性校正的效果良好,充分表明了应用神经网络在提高超声波测距精度方面是一种行之有效的方法。     

基于BP神经网络的超声波测距非线性误差校正

本文结合笔者所设计的超声波测距仪，介绍了用神经网络校正超声波传感器的非线性误差的原理与方法，并提出了基于BP神经网络的超声波测距非线性误差校正的模型、算法及其硬件实现。通过理论分析和硬件实验，显示出BP神经网络对超声波传感器的温度补偿和非线性校正的效果良好，充分表明了应用神经网络在提高超声波测距精度方面是一种行之有效的方法。     

基于无线控制的冲击波超压测试系统

本文介绍了基于无线控制的冲击波超压测试系统,根据冲击波信号的特点确定了系统的测试原理、采样参数等。该系统将压力传感器、适配电路、A/D转换器、无线触发、控制电路、通讯接口及电池紧凑在一起,构成一种可相对独立工作的便携式冲击波场超压测试仪。该系统具有无线控制、微功耗、无需引线等特点,具有抗干扰性强和无需电缆引线的优点,特别适宜于大范围多测点的冲击波测试试验场合。     

基于信号重构技术的FBG加速度测量系统研究

采用连续波调频,结合波分复用技术设计了基于小波滤波的光纤光栅加速度测量系统,提出压应力和拉应力同时实施的双光栅加速度测量探头的结构,选用其中心反射波长之差为传感信号,既消除了温度噪声对传感信号的干扰,又提高了测量的灵敏度和分辨率.应用小波信号处理方法,不仅实现了波长绝对编码,而且实现了微加速度信号的重构.所设计的测量系统具有结构简单、扫描频率高、分辨率好、线性度好等优点.     

水下低功耗变频数据采集系统的设计

介绍了水下爆炸;中击波的概念特征和气泡脉动理论,根据此特征确定了水下冲击波超压测试系统的测试原理、采样参数等。系统将压力传感器、适配电路、A／D转换器、触发控制电路、通讯接口及电池紧凑封装在密闭、防水、坚固的钢壳内,构成一种可相对独立工作的便携式水下冲击波超压测试仪。该系统具有小体积、微功耗、采样频率高等特点,具有抗干扰性强和无需电缆引线的优点,特别适宜于大范围多测点的试验场合。     

Metrological assurance at industrial enterprise: Problems and solutions

Conceptual and systematic issues regarding the design of metrological assurance system at an industrial enterprise are considered. The system is constructed as a part of quality management system of the enterprise; process approach forms methodological foundation in development and operation of the system. The processes of implementing metrological functions, as well as the system of enterprise standards regulating control mechanisms for these processes are described.     

行波故障测距装置现场校验技术研究

为解决行波故障测距装置的现场检测问题,本文讨论了行波测距装置的测距原理,分析了行波测距装置内双端测距的测距方法,研究了故障行波信号特性及电流互感器及二次电缆等二次传变回路对故障行波传递的影响,探究了一套针对行波测距装置的现场校验平台和方法。检测平台主要包括基于高频线性电流放大器为基础的故障行波再现装置、电磁暂态仿真软件以及GPS卫星同步装置。高频线性电流放大器作为故障行波再现装置,至少能同时输出多路高频电流且配备GPS卫星同步系统,以及考虑了二次传变回路的基于电磁暂态仿真软件的故障模拟仿真系统。检测结果验证了现场校验方法和平台的可行性和正确性。行波测距装置现场校验能够有效发现行波测距装置的技术缺陷、检测行波测距装置测距精度及可靠性。     

Test rig for measuring the center of gravity coordinates and inertia tensor of spacecrafts: Data acquisition and control system

We consider data acquisition and control system used in the test rig for measuring the center of gravity coordinates and inertia tensor of spacecrafts. Structure of the system is described. Technical specifications and metrological parameters are presented for the module which measures static and dynamic signals of strain gauge dynamometers and for the module which measures the signals of angular oscillation sensor installed on the test rig measuring platform; these oscillations are generated using electric motors and special control hardware. Finally, we describe the system software used to acquire and process the data and to display the measurement results.     

Prediction-based approach to determining the metrological reliability of measuring instruments

A method is developed for determining the time to metrological failure on the basis of prediction and real models of time distribution of reduced-error values. The proposed prediction-based approach can be used in developing metrological foundations of reliability for measuring instruments.     

基于PXI总线的导弹通用计量检定平台设计

为了克服我军现役导弹计量设备体积过大、通用性差、测试资源浪费严重、机动性不强等缺点,在对某型导弹计量设备及测试参数研究的基础上,采用了PXI总线系统和新一代自动测试系统的模块化设计的要求,设计了导弹通用计量检定系统;实现了导弹计量检定设备的通用性和低成本,使导弹计量设备的便携性成为可能;大量工程实践证明,此系统解决了传统计量设备所不能解决的诸多问题,并大大提高了系统的计量效率和精度,因此具有很强的实用性。     

基于混合模式的烟草标准化信息系统设计

为解决烟草计量工作中设备种类多,数据大等一些现实管理问题,提升我国烟草行业计量管理水平,为行业提供方便快捷的计量支持平台,针对C/S和B/S模式的特点和计量工作的特点,提出一种C/S和B/S混合模式的系统结构和功能实现方案,包括设备送检、数据采集、证书自动制作、web查询等模块.该系统操作简洁,功能完善,提高了工作效率,得到了行业内的好评,产生了良好影响.     

煤矿井下电缆单相接地故障测距

矿井配电网为单端供电系统,其中性点不接地或通过消弧线圈接地,当出现单相接地故障时,由于故障电流微弱,故障点位置很难查找。针对该问题,提出了一种基于零模和线模行波波速差的单端行波故障测距法,详细分析了行波测距理论,阐述了线模波速与零模波速的测量方法。在理想情况和故障点存在过渡电阻情况下的仿真结果证实了该方法的有效性和可行性。     

水下爆炸冲击波数据记录仪的设计与实现

本文从水下爆炸冲击波的概念出发,介绍了水下爆炸冲击波的特征,应用爆炸气泡运动理论确定了波形参数。然后根据水下冲击波的特征,分析了水下爆炸冲击波数据记录仪的测试原理,介绍了两种模拟实际水下爆炸冲击波信号的测试方法。再通过简易的水下爆炸试验,得到了冲击波的压力-时间历史曲线及其参数并与理论值作了比较。最后通过直线拟合和误差分析进一步证明了文中提出的水下爆炸冲击波测试方法是一套科学的、有效的冲击波压力测试方法。     

Coloured Petri nets and graphical simulation for the validation of a robotic cell in aircraft industry

This paper proposes a mixed validation approach based on coloured Petri nets and 3D graphic simulation for the design of supervisory systems in manufacturing cells with multiple robots. The coloured Petri net is used to model the cell behaviour at a high level of abstraction. It models the activities of each cell component and its coordination by a supervisory system. The graphical simulation is used to analyse and validate the cell behaviour in a 3D environment, allowing the detection of collisions and the calculation of process times. The motivation for this work comes from the aeronautic industry. The automation of a fuselage assembly process requires the integration of robots with other cell components such as metrological or vision systems. In this cell, the robot trajectories are defined by the supervisory system and results from the coordination of the cell components. The paper presents the application of the approach for an aircraft assembly cell under integration in Brazil. This case study shows the feasibility of the approach and supports the discussion of its main advantages and limits.     

基于FPGA的超声空化效应测量系统设计

针对传统的超声空化效应测量方法存在测量精度低、实时性差、成本高等问题,根据时差法测量超声空化效应的原理,设计了一种基于FPGA的超声空化效应测量系统。该系统采用FPGA内部锁相环的倍频、移相功能测量超声波在空化与未空化液体中的传播时间差,实现了超声空化效应的实时、定性测量。测量结果验证了该系统的有效性。     

基于AT90S8515单片机的毫米波测距系统

基于AVR高速嵌入式单片机设计了一种毫米波测距系统，给出了相应的硬件组成结构和软件设计方案。针对毫米波探测系统的特点，测距系统能够满足采样速率快、信号实时处理的要求，可实现对地面目标回波信号进行实时采集和高速处理。     

TDR moisture measurements in granular materials: From the siliceous sand test case to the applications for agro-food industrial monitoring

Different approaches are commonly available for the continuous monitoring of moisture and dielectric properties of various materials. In particular Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) is the standard method for measuring soil water content. Nevertheless, the state of the art is rather lacking in assessing specific calibration procedures allowing the accurate moisture monitoring of granular materials. To fill this gap, the adoption of TDR for such purposes is investigated. Starting from measurements on siliceous sand, an in-depth analysis is extended to various feedstuff materials (such as corn, corn flour and bran). Furthermore, the adopted methodology is fully assessed from a metrological point of view, thus confirming its suitability for the considered applications.