复合界面层对SiCf/SiC复合材料力学损伤行为的影响

SiC_f/SiC陶瓷基复合材料在航空航天领域具有广阔的应用前景,其界面层设计是研究重点。研究表明,复合界面层可以有效提升陶瓷基复合材料的抗氧化性能,但其对材料力学性能及损伤机制的影响尚不明确。本研究利用化学气相渗透法(CVI)制备得到具有BN及(BN/SiC)₃复合界面层的小复合材料,探究了复合界面层对SiC_f/SiC复合材料失效机制的影响。基于两种力学加载实验结合声发射探测分析了两种界面层小复合材料的损伤过程。实验结果表明,利用CVI制备的小复合材料界面结构清晰,基体致密。两类小复合材料均具有SiC_f/SiC陶瓷基复合材料的典型力–位移曲线,不同界面层小复合材料损伤过程具有不同的力声特征。通过两类力学加载试验的声发射特征能够有效分析小复合材料各阶段损伤发展情况。本实验中BN及(BN/SiC)₃复合界面层SiC_f/SiC小复合材料最大承受载荷分别为139和160 N,复合界面层小复合材料中的多层界面具有更强的偏转裂纹能力,降低裂纹延伸至纤维的速度,进而提高...     

Si-O-C界面对C/Si-C-N复合材料性能的影响

采用CVI工艺制备基体、PIP方法制备界面,成功制备出了具有Si-O-C界面层的碳纤维增强Si-C-N陶瓷基复合材料(C/Si-O-C/Si-C-N),研究了Si-O-C界面层对C/Si-C-N复合材料力学性能、抗氧化性能和热膨胀性能的影响。结果表明,C/Si-C-N陶瓷基复合材料在采用Si-O-C界面层后,相对于采用热解碳界面的同类复合材料,其抗氧化性能明显提高,强度则基本相当,在实验温度区间内,平均热膨胀系数略有升高。     

碳纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料界面的研究进展

界面相作为复合材料基本组元之一,其结构组成与性能对材料的性能有着极其重要的影响.综述了碳纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料界面相的功能要求、界面结合类型.阐述了界面相厚度对复合材料性能的影响,适当的界面厚度有利于复合材料获得最佳性能.重点介绍了目前碳纤维表面涂层工艺的研究现状,并分析了各种制备工艺的优缺点.最后指出了今后碳纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料界面的研究方向.     

碳纤维增韧陶瓷基复合材料界面的研究

综述了纤维增韧陶瓷基复合材料界面的研究现状，分析了现有的界面相的结构、界面结合类型和界面结合的机理，对碳纤维制备界面涂层方法进行了归纳总结，分析了目前碳纤维增韧陶瓷基复合材料界面材料的功能和要求，指出了今后碳纤维增韧陶瓷基复合材料界面材料发展的研究方向。     

C/PyC/Si-C-N复合材料的热膨胀行为

采用CVI方法制备出了具有热解碳界面层的碳纤维增强Si-C-N陶瓷基复合材料(C/PyC/Si-C-N)和无界面层的碳纤维增强Si-C-N陶瓷基复合材料(C/Si-C-N)。用热膨胀仪分别测试了C/PyC/Si-C-N和C/Si-C-N的热膨胀性能,研究了碳界面对复合材料热膨胀性能的影响。研究结果表明:在25~1200℃范围内,C/PyC/Si-C-N复合材料的平均热膨胀系数为0.638×10-6 K-1,线膨胀率为0.0752%;在780℃以上,碳界面的存在使碳纤维增强SiC-N基复合材料的热膨胀系数降低,在780℃以下时则对复合材料的热膨胀系数基本无影响。     

金属和陶瓷界面对复合材料特性的影响

对粉末冶金、挤压铸造和液相铸造工艺制备的各种陶瓷增强铝基、钛基复合材料中金属和陶瓷的界面特性、显微结构、界面对复合材料力学性能的影响进行了初步的探讨。研究结果指出，金属和陶瓷界面存在机械结合和反应结合的不同特性，并在受载破坏时表现出不同的断裂形貌。复合材料界面上存在析出相割裂了陶瓷增强相与基体界面的联系，降低了界面结合强度，陶瓷增强相表面的物理、化学状态及基体的化学成分对金属基复合材料的特性具有重要影响。     

TiB_2基陶瓷-42CrMo合金钢层状复合材料界面结构与力学性能

采用自蔓延高温合成离心熔铸工艺可以快速制备出TiB_2基陶瓷-42CrMo合金钢层状复合材料,并在层间界面上形成TiB_2基陶瓷/Fe-Ni合金相三维网络跨尺度连续梯度复合结构,使层状复合材料分为陶瓷基体、中间过渡区与合金钢基底3层结构。通过材料力学性能测试并结合FESEM、HRTEM观察,得出正是由于层间界面上原位生成TiB_2基陶瓷/Fe-Ni合金的三维网络跨尺度连续梯度复合结构,使复合材料不仅具有高的弯曲强度与断裂韧性,而且又使之在三点弯曲测试时呈现出明显的"假塑性"力学行为特征。同时,陶瓷基体附近界面上TiB_2基陶瓷/Fe-Ni基合金复合结构裂纹互锁效应与中间过渡区上TiB_2微纳米/纳米晶沉淀强化机制的协同作用又使TiB_2基陶瓷-42CrMo合金钢层状复合材料具有高的层间界面剪切强度。     

Z-pin增强陶瓷基复合材料I型应变能释放率

碳纤维平纹编织物和碳纤维Z-pin制备的预成型体,通过化学气相渗透(CVI)工艺制成Z-pin增强平纹编织陶瓷基复合材料层压板。通过双悬臂梁试验研究Z-pin增强平纹编织陶瓷基复合材料层压板的层间I型应变能释放率和增强机理。研究Z-pin面积密度对层间I型应变能释放率的影响。结果表明:Z-pin增强平纹编织陶瓷基复合材料层压板主要增强机理表现为层间裂纹扩展受阻,Z-pin与层压板界面解离,Z-pin桥联裂纹和Z-pin拔出;增大Z-pin面积密度,层间I型应变能释放率增大。     

金属和陶瓷界面对复合材料特性的影响

对粉末冶金，挤压铸造和液相铸造工艺制备的各种陶瓷增强铝基，钛基复合材料中金属和陶瓷的界面特性，显微结构，界面对复合材料力性能的影响进行了初步的探讨。研究结果指出，金属和陶瓷界面存在机械结合和反应结合的不同特性，并在受载破坏时表现出不同的断裂形貌，复合材料界面上存在析出相割裂了陶瓷增强相与基体界面的联系，降低了界面结合强度，陶瓷增强相表面的物理、化学状态及基体的化学成分对金属基复合材料的特性具有重要     

3D-C_f/SiC陶瓷基复合材料研究进展

三维碳纤维增韧碳化硅陶瓷基复合材料(3D-Cf/SiC)因其各种优异性能已在各领域广泛应用。针对国内外研究现状,总结了三维编织复合材料特性、3D-Cf/SiC的最新制备工艺与界面问题以及Cf/SiC作为高温热结构材料和支撑结构材料的应用现状。最后展望了3D-Cf/SiC的发展趋势并指出对3D-Cf/SiC的研究将一直是碳化硅陶瓷基复合材料界研究的重点和难点。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Brainstorming for ISO Strategy 2016-2020

正Responding to ISO’s appeal for survey for the to-be-developed ISO Strategy Plan for 2016-2020,SAC hosted a special workshop over the needs and comments of various fi elds on June 8 in Beijing.The workshop was attended by ISO President-elect and Ansteel General Manager Zhang Xiaogang,SAC Vice-Administrator Yu Xinli,and 30 experts from     

CNAS Passes APLAC's PTP Review

正The review group of Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation(APLAC)carried out a 4-day peer review of the proficiency testing provider(PTP)for China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment(CNAS)from July 28 to 31,2014.CNAS passed the PTP review with excellent performance.Two senior peer reviewers of APLAC made a comprehensive,rigorous and detailed review of CNAS’s PTP accreditation activities,and made the on-spot inspection of the review groups in Shanghai and Shenzhen respectively.     

新闻(英文)

正China and Greece Sign the Standardization Cooperation Agreement Witnessed by Chinese Premier Li Keqiang and Greek Prime Minister Antonis Samaras,AQSIQ Minister Zhi Shuping and ELOT Chairman and Executive Director Angelos Tolkas signed the SAC-ELOT Standardization Cooperation Agreement.The Agreement is one of the critical cooperation documents signed during Li Keqiang’s visit in Greece,encouraging China and Greece to