环形零件辗扩成形工艺研究现状与发展趋势

环形零件的辗扩成形工艺是一种局部加载连续成形工艺,成形过程中变形区材料在高温和外载荷作用下经历了非稳态、非线性的塑性变形。为探讨辗扩工艺中金属塑性变形机理,促进该工艺的改进、完善和推广新应用,国内外学者利用理论分析、数值模拟和试验研究等方法,对辗扩成形工艺过程、工艺参数及其对材料组织、性能的影响规律进行系统深入的研究。综合论述这种先进成形工艺研究现状;分析辗扩成形工艺参数理论与试验研究、环件辗扩过程组织演变规律数值模拟、环件辗扩成形过程成形/成性一体化调控等方面的发展趋势;针对目前环件辗扩成形工艺存在的流程长、能耗大、浪费材料等问题,提出环件短流程铸辗复合成形新工艺,并探讨这种新的短流程工艺的重点研究内容和推广应用前景。     

双列圆锥滚子轴承外圈锻造工艺的改进

分析双列圆锥滚子轴承352124外圈采用自由冲孔辗扩锻造工艺的不足,提出了锻件的挤压-辗扩工艺,详细对比分析了2种工艺方法的加工过程及设计计算过程.采用挤压-辗扩工艺可获得较精密的锻件,材料利用率由原45.6％提高到66.9％.     

圆柱滚子轴承内圈在冷辗扩有限元分析中毛坯形状及尺寸的确定

以圆柱滚子轴承内圈为研究对象,利用Abaqus/Explicit通用有限元程序来模拟冷辗扩过程.进行有限元分析前处理的工作是运用冷辗扩理论来设计环件毛坯尺寸及确定其工艺参数,建立符合实际加工有限元模型.     

双沟道球轴承外圈冷辗扩变形规律有限元分析

分析双沟球轴承外圈的冷辗扩工艺,以ABAQUS软件为平台,建立了冷辗扩三维有限元模型.通过选取不同毛坯和工艺参数进行模拟轧制,研究了毛坯设计和工艺参数确定的基本方法.揭示了双沟球外圈冷辗扩成形的机理.     

轴承套圈毛坯辗扩的力学计算

本文是该厂工人大学的讲义。作者收集了扩孔机生产工艺的现行设计计算资料,并参阅国内外有关资料,就下列方面进行了计算:1.辗扩过程的运动学,2.辗扩过程的应力状态和比压,3.辗压力及辗压轮转矩,4.电机功率。以D51—250扩孔机设计为例,进行了计算。     

环件冷辗扩芯辊进给速度规范设计

针对环件冷辗扩的特点，结合环件冷辗扩机的工作原理，提出了四种不同的芯辊进给速度设计规范。以矩形截面为分析对象，根据进给速度为常数、每转进给量为常数、环件外径增长速度为常数和随动导向辊圆心的旋转速度为常数这四种控制条件，提出了芯辊进给速度设计方法，推导出了直径的增长规律。根据试验数据，以Abaqus为平台，模拟了四种进给速度规范下的辗扩过程，分析了冷辗扩力和环件成形的圆度变化规律。总结了四种设计方案的优缺点，提出了在不同辗扩阶段采用不同的进给规范的设计思路，以期能为环件冷辗扩的工艺和控制设计提供新的理论依据。     

基于ANSYS的冷辗机芯辊有限元分析及优化设计

冷辗机是对轴承内外圈等环形零件进行辗扩加工的机床设备,在其辗压芯辊的设计中,可以用ANSYS通用有限元分析软件对初步设计结果进行参数化建模,静态、模态分析,寻找设计缺陷及优化设计.提高设计质量及效率.阐述了冷辗加工的基本原理,并详细介绍了芯辊在ANSYS下参数化建模,静态、模态分析及优化设计的一般过程.     

基于Abaqus的梯形环件冷辗扩的有限元模拟

冷辗扩又称环件轧制,是近年来在轴承套圈加工中逐步采用的新工艺,是机械精密轧制技术与精密塑性成形技术的集成创新,具有显著的节能,节材,降低生产成本和提高零件性能等突出优势,在机械、汽车、石油化工、航空航天和原子能等领域有着十分广阔的应用前景。目前冷辗扩技术大都应用在截面对称性很好的环件的辗扩成形中,形状复杂环件的辗扩成形在理论方面虽取得了一些成果,但是由于复杂环件冷辗扩成形的过程中影响因素很多,辗扩过程中的一些参数发生改变,使得环件形状不理想。     

环件冷辗扩中单辊随动导向运动规律研究

根据立式单导向辊随动导向冷辗环机的实际工况，建立了矩形截面环件和深沟球截面环件冷辗扩的运动学模型，分析两种环件的直径变化规律，研究了一定辗扩工艺条件下导向辊的运动规律。建立根据冷辗扩工艺来确定导向辊运动的一整套设计方法，并用MATLAB编写求解程序以求解所有的设计参数。精确地控制导向辊的运动规律有利于提高环件冷辗扩的精度。研究结果为冷辗环机的设计制造提供了依据。     

环件热辗扩温度场和应变场分布的研究

基于DEFORM3D平台,建立了环件辗扩三维刚-塑性热力耦合有限元模型,模拟分析了热辗扩过程中温度场和应变场的分布特征及其对成形的影响规律。结果表明：随着辗扩过程的进行,环坯等效应变呈阶梯状上升,温度呈波浪式变化;环坯外圈等效应变最大,中层最小;变形初始外圈温度变化最大,随着辗扩过程的进行,中层温度逐渐上升,内圈始终最小;随着初始辗扩温度的升高,辗扩力明显下降,但变化趋势保持一致。     

圆柱滚子轴承内圈冷辗扩过程有限元分析的方法

以圆柱滚子轴承内圈为研究对象,利用Abaqus／Explicit通用有限元程序来模拟冷辗扩过程。而进行有限元分析前处理的工作是运用冷辗扩理论来设计环件的毛坯尺寸及确定其工艺参数,建立符合实际加工有限元模型。     

Technology and experiments of 42CrMo bearing ring forming based on casting ring blank

Bearing ring is the crucial component of bearing. With regard to such problems as material waste, low efficiency and high energy consumption in current process of producing large bearing ring, a new process named ＂casting-rolling compound forming technology＂ is researched by taking the typical 42CrMo slew bearing as object. Through theoretical analysis, the design criteria of the main casting-rolling forming parameters are put forward at first. Then the constitutive relationship model of as-cast 42CrMo steel and its mathematical model of dynamic recrystallization are obtained according to the results of the hot compression experiment. By a coupled thermal-mechanical finite element model for radial-axial rolling of bearing ring, the fraction of dynamic recrystallization is calculated and recrystallized grains size are predicated. Meanwhile, the effects of the initial rolling temperature and feed rate of idle roll on material microstructure evolution are analyzed. Finally, the industrial rolling experiment is designed and performed, based on the simulation results. In addition, mechanical and metallographic tests are conducted on rolled bearing ring to get the mechanical parameters and metallographic structure. The experimental data and results show that the mechanical properties of bearing ring produced by casting-rolling compound forming technology are up to industrial standard, and a qualified bearing ring can be successfully formed by employing this new technology. Through the study, a process of forming large bearing ring directly by using casting ring blank is obtained, which could provide an effective theoretical guidance for manufacturing large ring parts. It also has an edge in saving material, lowering energy and improving efficiency.     

Towards a steady forming condition for radial-axial ring rolling

Radial-axial ring rolling (RARR) is a typical incremental forming process with high flexibility. It is difficult but essential to establish a successful RARR process and remain its stability by properly designing process variables. This paper is an attempt to develop a steady forming condition under which the RARR process can be established successfully and then proceeds stably with qualified ring rolled parts. For remaining process stability by alleviating dynamic contacts and collisions between the ring and the rolls, constant growth velocity condition (CGVC) of the ring is proposed as a design objective of the process variables. Then a mathematical model of the steady forming condition for RARR is developed based on the CGVC. The model describes both the mathematic correlations and the reasonable ranges of key process variables of RARR, and the application and role of the model are illustrated by a case study in detail. For verifying the steady forming condition for RARR, FE simulations and analyses are carried out through developing reliable 3D-FE models for the entire RARR processes under ABAQUS/Explicit platform. The simulation results show that the designed processes based on the mathematical model of the steady forming condition are successfully operated and have good stability. A value of the growth velocity of the ring, which is close to the median of its reasonable range determined by the steady forming condition, is recommended for the design of the process by taking into account the geometry of the rolled ring, material plastic deformation behavior of the ring and process stability.     

粉环压制致密规律研究

本文运用虎克定律与弹塑性理论,研究了粉环三种压制方式的致密规律,导出了这三种压制条件下压坯密度与压制压力的理论公式。通过高能电池用MnO2粉环压制实验,证明理论计算与实验结果是一致。     

大型环件的径轴向轧制工艺模拟和研究

研究了大型环件的径轴向轧制工艺。利用有限元模拟试验对具体的大型环件产品进行模拟轧制,通过对不同的毛坯和不同的工艺参数的选取进行试验和分析,找出了毛坯设计及工艺参数选取与控制的基本方法和规律,揭示了大型环件径轴向轧制过程的变形规律和机理,分析了轧制过程中产生的问题和缺陷的实质,为实际的工业生产提供了依据。     

立式轧环机轧制中环件运动学规律

提出在轧制过程中环件中心不在芯辊和驱动辊中心连线上的轧制几何模型，并基于此模型导出环件中心位移、速度、加速度、环件转动惯量及转速和转动加速度的计算公式，建立了环件的运动学参数与环件壁厚和轧制进给量之间的关系，为环件轧制过程的在线测量和控制提供理论依据。     

环件辗轧过程建模

在论述环件轧制过程与特征的基础上,对热态矩形截面环轧制的数学模型作了初步探讨,分析了液压伺服控制系统与环件轧制的关系。所建立的轧制模型可用于环轧控制系统的设计与轧制规程的优化,对环件轧制预测和实际生产有重要的指导意义。     

On-line measurement method for various guide modes of vertical ring rolling mill

This paper analyzes the interaction modes and rules between ring and rollers in vertical ring rolling process, and then establishes mathematical models of ring geometric shape and size corresponding to various guide modes. Using the models, the accurate expressions of ring’s radius are derived. Furthermore, the geometrical surfaces which represent the relations of ring’s outer radius versus displacement of driving roller and measuring roller are constructed. To obtain simple formulas suitable for the Programmable Logic Controller (PLC), the precise and simple functions of ring’s outer radius in rolling process are derived based on the surface-fitting method. In addition, a reliable displacement measurement device which is composed of the raster rulers and PLC is also introduced. The results of this paper can supply a practical method for on-line measurement and process control of vertical ring rolling.     

新型环式减速器动态特性分析

根据一种新型环式减速器内的结构,利用ABQUS建立了有限元模型,并针对该减速器进行了模态分析,获得了内齿环板的振动频率及相应的振型特征;然后,进行了动力学稳态响应分析。为下一步进行新型环式减速器的改进及优化设计提供了可靠的依据。     

大直径多功能汇流环的结构设计特点

介绍某大直径多功能汇流环的研制情况。论述了该汇流环在总体结构、各类环的型式和设计计算、材料选用、加工工艺等方面的创新设计特点。