Use of regression equations to calculate suspension-separation indicators in hydrocyclones

A procedure is developed for calculation of suspension-separation indicators of hydrocyclones using a regression model, which describes the suspension-separation process with a non-Newtonian dispersion medium in hydrocyclones, and is presented in the form of a relationship between the distribution of integral separation indicators over the height of the effective space and the determining similitude numbers and rheologic constants of the medium being separated. The influence exerted by the determining similitude numbers and rheologic constants of the medium being separated on the distribution of the degree of thickening of solid-phase particles over the height of the working space of the hydrocyclone is analyzed in conformity with the regression model obtained.     

Selection of structural parameters of a cylindrical-conical hydrocyclone for separation of suspensions by dual-stage flotation

A mathematical model for separation of suspensions with a non-Newtonian disperse medium by dual-stage pressurized flotation in a cylindrical-conical hydrocyclone is developed. A system of differential equations of the convective diffusion and movement of a complex of particles-bubbles is solved by a numerical method. The concentration field is modeled, and integral separation indicators are determined. Values of structural parameters of the hydrocyclone for which the separation indicators depend heavily on the taper angle of the conical section of the housing and the rheological properties of the disperse medium are established. It is demonstrated that dual-stage pressurized flotation makes it possible to reduce considerably the residual concentration of solid-phase particles as compared with single-stage flotation.     

Hydrocyclones for the chemical industry and cleaning devices for circulating and waste water

It is pointed out that the operating indicators of a hydrocyclone will depend on its structural and regime operating parameters, while its standard size will be determined by the diameter of its cylindrical section. Both the separation and also the economic indicators will depend on correct selection of the standard size of the hydrocyclone for the specific suspension (emulsion) to be separated. Designs of hydrocyclones are presented in metallic and plastic versions intended for use over a broad range of flow rates and physicochemical properties of the suspensions being separated. __________ Translated from Khimicheskoe i Neftegazovoe Mashinostroenie, No. 7, pp. 20–22, July, 2007.     

Regression Model of Oil Degassing in Cylindrical Hydrocyclone

Chemical and Petroleum Engineering - A method based on regression model is proposed for calculating hydrocyclones for degassing oils with non-Newtonian properties in film flow mode in a centrifugal...     

Numerical investigation of the velocity field and separation efficiency of deoiling hydrocyclones

Three-dimensional simulation of a multiphase flow is performed using the EulerianEulerian finite volume method in order to evaluate the separation efficiency and velocity field of deoiling hydrocyclones.The solution is developed using a mass conservation-based algorithm(MCBA) with collocated grid arrangement.The mixture approach of the Reynolds stress model is also employed in order to capture features of turbulent multiphase swirling flow.The velocity field and separation efficiency of two different configurations of deoiling hydrocyclones are compared with available experimental data.The comparison shows that the separation efficiency can be predicted with high accuracy using computational fluid dynamics.The velocity fields are also in good agreement with available experimental velocity measurements.Special attention is drawn to swirl intensity in deoiling hydrocyclones and it is shown that the differences in velocity and volume fraction fields of different configurations are related to swirl distribution.     

基于人工神经网络的油水分离旋流器设计模型

以人工神经网络为手段，建立了油水分离旋流器设计模型。采用三层BP网络模型，成功地实现了根据处理物料物性参数和分离要求进行油水分离旋流器结构与操作参数全面设计的过程。通过设定足够大的神经网络训练次数，神经网络预测误差可逼近所需精度，完全满足油水分离旋流器参数设计要求。     

油水分离旋流器分离过程数学模型分析

根据水力旋流器中油滴非线性随机运动的特点 ,采用改进的BP神经网络模型、基于随机过程理论的MonteCarlo模拟以及与其它数学模型相结合的方法 ,对水力旋流器内的分离过程进行模拟 ,根据旋流器的物性参数和分离期望值 ,预测旋流器的结构参数和操作参数 ,实现旋流器结构参数和操作参数的优化 ,并给出旋流器的分级效率。对数学模型的预测结果进行了验证分析。     

液-液分离水力旋流器的理论研究进展

介绍了液-液分离水力旋流器的理论研究进展,分析了各种数学模型的研究状况及存在的问题,对人工神经网络在液-液分离水力旋流器的应用及其发展进行了展望。     

涡流探测管对除油旋流器分离性能的影响

由室内模拟试验可知，在相同流量、相同入口和底流口压力、相同分流比条件下，带涡流探测管的旋流器溢流口压力高。采用具有一定粒度分布的油水乳液结合激光粒度仪和等动量取样系统的粒级效率测试方法，对有涡流探测管和无涡流探测管除油旋流器的粒级效率进行了测试。测试结果表明，对于不稳定乳液，有涡流探测管旋流器的分离效率比无涡流探测管旋流器的分离效率高；对于稳定乳液，两者的分离效率基本相同，油滴中粒径在１０～２５μｍ范围内，有涡流探测管旋流器的分离效率略高一些。两种旋流器的最佳分流比都是１５％，分割直径ｄ５０为１０μｍ，分离极限为３０μｍ。     

Development of a Froth Flotation Process for Recovery of Used Emulsifiable Oil

The separation behavior of the lubricating oil from wastewater was studied using the technique; electroflotation. The optimum conditions for oil flotation were determined and the results were discussed according to a kinetic model. Further, the surface properties of the cationic collector were investigated. Cement kiln dust was used as an adsorbent applied to the flotation solution to investigate the kinetic and the adsorption equilibrium involved. According to the adsorption isotherm of the oil on the kiln dust, the optimum conditions for oil separation was suggested.     

用改进的油粒轨迹模型预测液-液旋流器效率

在单涡流场理论基础上建立了一种改进的油粒轨迹模型 ,用以预测油水旋流器粒级分离效率。若给定旋流器几何尺寸、操作参数及旋流器进口的油滴粒径分布 ,就可以预测液 -液旋流器的分离效率。模型理论效率预测结果与实测结果比较吻合 ,满足工程精度要求。该轨迹法分离效率模型理论上具有广泛通用性 ,方法简单实用 ,对液 -液水力旋流器工业使用及其优化设计具有重要的指导作用。     

Development of a Froth Flotation Process for Recovery of Used Emulsifiable Oil

Abstract

The separation behavior of the lubricating oil from wastewater was studied using the technique; electroflotation. The optimum conditions for oil flotation were determined and the results were discussed according to a kinetic model. Further, the surface properties of the cationic collector were investigated. Cement kiln dust was used as an adsorbent applied to the flotation solution to investigate the kinetic and the adsorption equilibrium involved. According to the adsorption isotherm of the oil on the kiln dust, the optimum conditions for oil separation was suggested.     

油水分离水力旋流器的人工神经网络模拟

采用改进的BP神经网络模型模拟水力旋流器的油水分离过程。根据水力旋流器的实际生产条件 ,确定旋流器模型设计中的优化神经网络结构为 8- 12 - 12型神经网络。对神经网络的结构进行了优选和分析 ,提出了自适应调节学习率和动量因子的快速BP算法 ,并对激励函数进行了改进。结果表明 ,用改进的BP神经网络模型模拟水力旋流器的分离过程是切实可行的 ,通过旋流器的人工神经网络模拟 ,能够根据旋流器的物性参数和分离期望值 ,预测旋流器的结构参数和操作参数 ,实现旋流器结构参数和操作参数的优化。     

液－液分离水力旋流器特性参数研究

对自行设计的液－液分离水力旋流器进行了一系列室内试验及现场实验，通过原油与水及机油与水两种油水混合介质的分离，系统地研究了水力旋流器几何参数与运行参数对分离效率的影响，提出了一些合理的关系式。在此基础上设计与制造了直径Ｄ为３８ｍｍ及５２ｍｍ两种样机。现场实验证明，该种水力旋流器的分离效率达到９０％以上，且结构简单，可在低压下运行，成本低，能耗少，完全可用于工程实际。     

液－液分离水力旋流器特性参数研究

对自行设计的液-液分离水力旋流器进行了一系列室内试验及现场实验,通过原油与水及机油与水两种油水混合介质的分离,系统地研究了水力旋流器几何参数与运行参数对分离效率的影响,提出了一些合理的关系式.在此基础上设计与制造了直径D为38mm及52mm两种样机.现场实验证明,该种水力旋流器的分离效率达到90%以上,且结构简单,可在低压下运行,成本低,能耗少,完全可用于工程实际.     

脱油型水力旋流器空气核的稳定性分析

空气核是水力旋流器处于工作状态下的一种重要流场特征,也是水力旋流器实现正常工作及有效分离的主要标志。空气核的稳定性极大程度地影响着水力旋流器的有效分离。对空气核的成因进行了简要描述,并分析了空气核的存在对水力旋流器分离性能的影响,同时对空气核的流动形态及其能耗损失等方面作了必要的研究。研究结果表明,为了使旋流器保持稳定,要合理控制空气核的大小、位置及流动形态分布。     

动态水力旋流器结构参数的优选设计

简要描述了动态水力旋流器的结构组成及工作原理。在深入开展动态水力旋流器的分离机理和性能试验研究的基础上,进一步证实了只要合理地优化选取其结构参数,即可获得良好的分离效果。重点介绍了动态水力旋流器主要结构参数的优选设计过程,通过对油水分离用动、静态水力旋流器进行对比分析,进一步证实了动态水力旋流器在油水分离方面存在的优势。其成功研制为今后深入进行分离机理、流场测试及分离性能的研究奠定了基础,也为其在油田含油污水处理方面的推广应用起到了一定的指导作用。     

操作参数影响预分水旋流器的机理及试验研究

３５ｍｍ 和２５ｍｍ 预分水旋流器的现场试验结果表明, 操作参数对旋流分离效果的影响非常大, 相同结构尺寸的旋流器, 在操作参数不同时, 其分离效果相差很大。影响旋流器分离性能的操作参数主要是进口流量和分流比。流量和分流比与进口压力、底流口压力和溢流口压力间存在函数关系。通过调节进口到底流口的压差和进口到溢流口的压差, 可以控制旋流器的进口流量和分流比。预分水旋流器存在一个最佳分流比, 与此相应的溢流含水量最小。３５ｍｍ 预分水旋流器的最佳分流比为０－２２ ; ２５ｍｍ 预分水旋流器的最佳分流比为０－１６。分流比越大, 底流含油量越小。而在较大的流量范围内, 进口流量对旋流器分离效果没有显著的影响。     

固液分离水力旋流除砂器的数值模拟

利用CFD软件,采用雷诺应力模型分别计算了300型和250型水力旋流除砂器的内流场,得到了2种水力旋流除砂器的轴向、径向、切向速度及压强的分布曲线。通过对所得结果的分析,发现模拟结果基本符合旋流除砂器的运行规律。比较2种旋流除砂器的内流场,表明改进的300型水力旋流除砂器的结构及分离能力优于原来250型水力旋流除砂器,为水力旋流除砂器的优化设计和选型提供了可靠的设计依据。     

新型井下轴流式入口旋流器分析及优选

在国内陆地油田井下油水分离同井注采技术应用中,常规井下旋流器由于径向尺寸较大而经常受到限制,影响分离效率。为此,研发了2种新型井下轴流式入口旋流器,在降低旋流器径向尺寸的基础上,提高旋流器的分离性能。在明确新型轴流式旋流器结构特点、分离机理后,通过数值模拟分析,利用油相体积分布云图阐明不同结构旋流器内油相分布特点,指出循环流对旋流器分离性能的影响。研究速度矢量变化特点,掌握轴流式入口结构的作用及流体分布规律,利用压力降曲线,明确能耗、压力损失的关系。模拟分析结果表明,导流叶片轴流式旋流器切向速度差值为1.2 m/s、轴向速度差值1.5 m/s,溢流压力仅为0.02 MPa,分离效率高、能耗低,为特高含水区块的经济性开发提供技术支持。