以培养电子商务专业人才为目标的图形图像处理课程研究

职业技术学院在我国劳动技能与技术型人才的培养上做出了杰出的贡献,随着近年来社会各个行业对实务型人才需求量的猛增,更加大了职业技术学院的人才教育与培养任务。电子商务作为目前的新兴行业,促进了贸易的飞速发展,人才需求量也逐步扩大。特别是图形图像处理与设计方面的人才非常紧缺,这就要求各个职业技术学院加大对以电子商务专业人才为培养目标的图形图形处理课程的教育与研究。     

The application of Web ATMs in e-payment industry: A case study

Today’s highly competitive marketplace is forcing the retail banking industry to optimize every possible revenue-generating opportunity. New electronic channels are replacing the more traditional ones. Web ATMs system represents one of the recent developments in financial service distribution.Through a real-life case study, this article explains how much more advantage can be achieved by enhancing Web ATMs with the latest Web-enablement technology, and examines the key benefits that can accrue from the deployment of integrated circuit (IC) card and smart card reader on Web ATMs. Last but not the least, it is expected that this article could provide strategic thinking with some apocalypses of Web 2.0 to steer the banking system for achievable changes in a direction that is consistent with the needs and expectations of a population, especially in C2C business model.     

The role of the internet in business-to-business network transformations: a novel case and theoretical analysis

It is widely accepted that the development of electronic commerce and Internet technology has lead to various new opportunities to transform the nature of business-to-business networks, for instance through disinter-mediation, reintermediation and formation of virtual enterprises. However, discussions of the role of the Internet in such transformations in the electronic commerce literature have predominantly focused on the potential of the Internet to reduce transaction costs, particularly search costs. It is now recognised within the strategic management literature that factors other than transaction costs, largely ignored in electronic commerce literature, are important in shaping business-to-business networks. Therefore, this paper seeks to uncover new roles that the Internet can play in the strategic choices for organisations wishing to utilise electronic commerce and Internet technologies. It does this through detailed analysis of the strategic choices of an actual case company, one of which involves Internet-enabled distributed manufacturing, using three widely known theories of strategic choice: Transaction Cost Economics, the Resource-Based View, and Network Theory. Our analysis shows that in addition to its impact on transaction costs, the Internet can also impact on asset specificity of transactions, the imitability of resources, knowledge sharing in relationship management, and the scalability of business strategies. The contribution of this paper is to articulate several novel research propositions concerning the potential of the Internet in the transformation of business-to-business networks.     

A countable and time-bound password-based user authentication scheme for the applications of electronic commerce

In this paper, we propose a secure and efficient user authentication scheme with countable and time-bound features. The countable feature is to limit the use to a certain number of times, which means that the users are able to successfully log into the system in a fixed number of times. The feature of the time-bound allows each login ticket to have a period of expiration. In other words, if a login request is overdue, it would not be available anymore. These features make our scheme more reliable for applications in the field of electronic commerce, such as on-line games, pay-TV, and so on. Since our scheme does not require any password or verification table and can avoid replay attacks, it is under firm security. Moreover, our scheme shows a lower computational overhead on the user side. Therefore, it offers an efficient and adequate alternative for the implementations in the mobile environment with limited computing capability.     

Institution-based trust in interorganizational exchange relationships: the role of online B2B marketplaces on trust formation

Given the uncertainty of online transactions, the digital economy encourages the creation of institutional structures that assure online interorganizational exchange relationships. This research examines how institution-based trust develops in online B2B marketplaces to facilitate interorganizational trust (buyers' trust in sellers). Building upon the notion of institutional trust [Zucker,1986], this study proposes how specific institution-based structures help engender interorganizational trust and indirectly influence transaction success in B2B marketplaces. Five specific institution-based mechanisms are proposed—perceived monitoring, perceived legal bonds, perceived accreditation, perceived feedback, and perceived cooperative norms. To assess the influence of the proposed two dimensions of interorganizational trust—credibility and benevolence—in buyer–seller relationships, three trust outcomes are examined—satisfaction, perceived risk, and continuity. The proposed model is tested on data from 102 organizational buyers in an online B2B marketplace. The results support the proposed model, delineating the relationship between institution-based trust and interorganizational trust. The study provides evidence on how specific institutional mechanisms build trust in online B2B marketplaces, stressing the ability of institution-based trust to build a trustworthy trading environment in the digital economy. The paper discusses the theoretical and managerial implications of this study and proposes several suggestions for future research.     

Developing a B2B E-Commerce Implementation Framework: A Study of EDI Implementation for Procurement

ABSTRACT

A case study was performed examining the electronic data interchange (EDI) implementation projects of four divisions of an aerospace company. By interviewing both partners in the relationship, a business-to-business (B2B) electronic commerce (e-commerce) implementation framework was developed. The framework provides guidelines for the type of e-business partnership to be pursued based on the volume of transactions (low vs. high) and complexity of transactions (simple vs. complex). Machine-to-machine B2B solutions should be pursued when the there is a high transaction volume of simple transactions. In other situations, potential B2B solutions include: e-business pull, partner access-extranet/push, or manual e-transmission.     

Developing a B2B E-Commerce Implementation Framework: A Study of EDI Implementation for Procurement

A case study was performed examining the electronic data interchange (EDI) implementation projects of four divisions of an aerospace company. By interviewing both partners in the relationship, a business-to-business (B2B) electronic commerce (e-commerce) implementation framework was developed. The framework provides guidelines for the type of e-business partnership to be pursued based on the volume of transactions (low vs. high) and complexity of transactions (simple vs. complex). Machine-to-machine B2B solutions should be pursued when the there is a high transaction volume of simple transactions. In other situations, potential B2B solutions include: e-business pull, partner access-extranet/push, or manual e-transmission.     

The e-commerce value matrix and use case model: A goal-driven methodology for eliciting B2C application requirements

We developed a goal-driven methodology for eliciting and modeling the requirements of a business-to-consumer application. It has two phases: e-commerce strategy formulation and eliciting system requirements. In the first phase, an EC value matrix is used to develop a strategy and value-adding services for a business and then necessary customized requirements are identified. In the second phase, a goal-driven approach is used to specify the system requirements based on the strategy. This methodology enables business managers and system developers to develop high-level strategies that improve value activities and obtain competitive advantage, and thereby determine the specifications of the core e-services. To illustrate the methodology, we use a B2C application of an online bookstore. Finally, implications and conclusions are discussed.     

The impact of electronic markets: the case of the Dutch Flower Auctions

The concept of electronic markets has been widely researched. There is, however, less experience with its operation and even less with the organisational impact that electronic markets can have on specific companies and sectors. This case study discusses a very specific market which is gradually moving into the electronic age: the Dutch Flower Auction. This auction is the world marketplace for flowers and pot plants. This case is unusual both in terms of industry (agriculture) and the specific nature of the goods dealt with (highly perishable and fragile, where quality is based on perception). This study, therefore, has been particularly revealing for the use of electronic markets as a strategic response in a changing marketplace.     

UNICORE: uniform access to supercomputing as an element of electronic commerce

The battle for the desktop has been won by workstations and PCs. Offering computational capacity adequate for most applications, and superior user interfaces, they also incorporate the user’s link to a global information base via the World Wide Web. By contrast, High Performance Computing facilities tend to be increasingly isolated by such deterrents as geographical remoteness, architectural individuality, and the non-uniform operational policies of autonomous centres. The future of such centralised Supercomputing facilities and large scale data resources may depend to a large extent on the development of interfaces for accessing their resources from the user’s desktop in a uniform and user-friendly manner; otherwise, High Performance Computing may fall short of its full potential, becoming increasingly specialised and less competitive. In the most pessimistic scenario, the volume of the HPC market could fall below the threshold required for its economic survival in the free marketplace. The Uniform Interface to Computing Resources (UNICORE) project addresses these issues using the mechanisms of the World Wide Web (WWW).     

A fuzzy logic-based system for assessing the level of business-to-consumer (B2C) trust in electronic commerce

The purpose of this paper is to present an application of fuzzy logic to human reasoning about electronic commerce (e-commerce) transactions. This paper uncovers some of the hidden relationships between critical factors such as security, familiarity, design, and competitiveness. We analyze the effect of these factors on human decision process and how they affect the Business-to-Consumer (B2C) outcome when they are used collectively. This research provides a toolset for B2C vendors to access and evaluate a user's transaction decision process, and also an assisted reasoning tool for the online user.     

An analysis of privacy signals on the World Wide Web: Past, present and future

Electronic commerce is now an established, vital part of the world economy. However, this economic sector is currently endangered by consumers’ well-founded concern for the privacy of their information. Recent surveys indicate that this concern is beginning to alter consumers’ spending habits. The World Wide Web Consortium is well aware of these concerns, and has produced the Platform for Privacy Preferences Protocol as a mechanism to help consumers protect their online privacy. This mechanism relies on the use of machine-readable privacy policies, posted on a website, and interpreted by a client-side browser extension. However, recent surveys indicate that adoption of this technology is stagnating on the server side, and work on an updated version of the Platform has been halted. We use signaling theory as a framework to model the likely future evolution of the Platform, in an effort to gauge whether it will flourish or wither as a technology. We find that signaling theory predicts the collapse of the Platform for Privacy Preferences Protocol. However, we also find theoretical and empirical grounds to predict that government intervention can drive adoption of the Platform on the server side, which may in turn bootstrap user adoption of this technology.     

Using interpretive structural modeling and fuzzy analytical process to identify and prioritize the interactive barriers of e-commerce implementation

The main purpose of this study is to present a novel and useful application of a specific analytical technique to indicate the interactions and calculate the ranking of the barriers of electronic commerce (EC) in the Iran Khodro industrial group, a leading Iranian automotive company, using the combination of two techniques: interpretive structural modeling (ISM) and the fuzzy analytical network process (FANP). Based on an in-depth review of the relevant literature and interviews with managers and experts from the company, thirteen barriers and challenges to the implementation of e-commerce were determined and categorized into four main factors: technical, organizational, individual, and environmental. In the following step, the ISM technique is applied to construct a structural graph and identify inherent interactions among these barriers. The FANP is then used to quantify the relationships and weigh the significance of these barriers. The results obtained from the proposed model reveal that a “lack of awareness regarding the benefits and nature of electronic commerce” is the most important barrier to the implementation of e-commerce. This type of modeling approach can be extremely valuable for companies that wish to focus their efforts and resources on removing the most important barriers and challenges toward the successful implementation of EC.     

Consumer's decision to shop online: The moderating role of positive informational social influence

While much of the current literature tends to focus on the direct effect of social influence on consumer online shopping behavior, our study drew heavily on social influence theory and argued for an alternative theory focusing on the moderating role of social influence. In particular, we explored how positive messages in online discussion forums may affect consumers’ decisions to shop online. We used a laboratory experiment in which the treatment group was required to read positive messages about online shopping experience in an online discussion forum. Positive social influence was found to reinforce the relationship between beliefs about and attitude toward online shopping, as well as the relationship between attitude and intention to shop. We believe our alternative theory provides new insight into the complex processes through which social influence is brought to bear on consumers’ online shopping decisions. Implications of our work are discussed.     

The impact of use context on mobile services acceptance: The case of mobile ticketing

The most important factor in the decision to adopt mobile systems is user perception of their value. However, behavioral theory suggests that context affects user attitude and therefore influences acceptance. We therefore hypothesized that the benefits of mobile systems should be evaluated against users’ contextual needs and that reduced dependence on time and place required providing service at any time and place needed by the user. Mental costs or costs of learning to use the system, however, may not be evaluated in the same way, because system use and learning about it are acts with different contexts. Our findings advance knowledge of IT adoption and suggest that we should start to identify the contexts of both the benefits of use and in learning to use the system.     

To be or not to B2B: Evaluating managerial choices for e-procurement channel adoption

E-procurement systems are computer systems and communication networks through which firms buy and sell products. We identify two types of e-procurement systems: extranets and e-markets. Extranets connect the buyer and its suppliers with a closed network, while e-markets create open networks for buyer and supplier interactions. The differences between them lie in system implementation costs, marketplace benefits, and the extent of supplier competitive advantage that develops due to information sharing. In this article, we develop a new theoretical model to analyze the adoption of e-procurement systems from the buyer’s perspective, to explore the set of conditions under which the buyer will prefer to procure via an electronic market instead of using proprietary extranet connections. The primary finding is that a buyer will adopt an e-market approach when the supplier’s competitive advantage derived from access to strategic information is modest compared with the marketplace benefits less the channel costs. In addition, we find that the buyer is likely to have a bigger trading network with an e-market than with an extranet in order to capture the greatest available benefits. Overall, this study offers guidelines for managers to design and select e-procurement channels to fit different procurement needs.     

The association between the mandatory adoption of XBRL and the performance of listed state-owned enterprises and non-state-owned enterprises in China

This paper investigates the impact of the mandatory adoption of the eXtensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL) on the performance of listed state-owned enterprises (SOEs) and non-SOEs. Building on institutional theory, we hypothesize and determine that non-SOEs benefit from the adoption of XBRL by operating more effectively, which results in better performance. Due to the institutional factors, for SOEs, financial report users still need much more information in addition to financial reports before they can make appropriate decisions. Implications on the use of XBRL-formatted financial reporting information for international business with the existence of SOEs in China are discussed herein.     

The adoption and diffusion of e-commerce in developing countries: The case of an NGO in Jordan

The case study in this research involves a nongovernmental organization (NGO) in Jordan in the Middle East, which attempted to utilize electronic commerce (EC) to streamline its business processes and information flow to businesses in Jordan and to other international businesses interested in the Jordanian market. The NGO managed to achieve these tasks expeditiously, and its EC initiative assisted in adding an effective digital parallel to existing systems and processes in this NGO. The NGO is directly involved in the e-government initiative empowered by H.M. King Abdullah II. At this end, with this royal support, the NGO successfully adopted EC. During the adoption and implementation process, the organization encountered numerous difficulties, as detailed in this research. However, the full success of EC was hampered by other factors. Initially, other governmental entities related indirectly to this NGO were not EC-ready. Second, although Web site utilization was growing in this NGO, most member merchants were reluctant to switch to the online arena and to abandon traditional practices in obtaining information and resources from this NGO. However, the NGO is aware of these concerns and envisages resolving such hurdles in its medium- to long-term projections. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

数据挖掘在电子商务中的应用

数据挖掘技术作为解决“数据爆炸”时代出现的“信息缺乏”的最有效手段之一,受到了企业界的极大关注。文章阐述了电子商务中数据挖掘技术的框架、数据资源、专业人员、基本方法,分析了数据挖掘在电子商务中的具体应用。     

The growth and development of e-commerce: an analysis of the electronic signature law of Sri Lanka

A significant event in the legal regulation of e-commerce in Sri Lanka was the enactment of the Electronic Transactions Act in 2006. The objective of this important Act is to facilitate commercial and financial activity by removing barriers to electronic transactions and by preserving the right of individuals to engage in freedom of contract unimpeded by government regulation and bureaucracy. This objective is secured in the legislation by ensuring that transactions conducted electronically are regarded as of equal validity or legitimacy as normal paper (or documentary) transactions. Undoubtedly, the Electronic Transactions Act is a significant and quite innovative piece of legislation - one that that has considerable potential to both stimulate and further enhance economic development, as well as commercial and free enterprise activity, in a developing country like Sri Lanka. Before any form of private-sector activity or financial activity can be conducted, the necessary institutional and legal underpinnings must be established. This Act appears to be the first step towards providing the foundations of a flourishing free-market economy in Sri Lanka.

In light of these issues, this article provides an overview of the fundamental provisions of the Act and outlines its significance for the country's emerging e-commerce activity. It draws attention to certain inadequacies of the Act and briefly focuses attention on the impact of the new e-commerce laws on the economic success of Sri Lanka. This article also briefly explores other associated and parallel legislative developments in Asia that aim to promote e-commerce in the region with a view to drawing out common and emergent themes in relation to the regulation of e-commerce in developing nations.