不等光程法太赫兹波段材料光学参数的精确测量

近20年,太赫兹科学技术发展迅速,太赫兹波与物质之间的相互作用成为研究热点。理论推导并实验验证了一种提高太赫兹波段材料折射率、吸收系数等参数测量精度的方法。以两种厚度的高密度聚乙烯板（3.5 mm、5.0 mm）为样品,将不等光程测量法与常规太赫兹时域光谱测量方法进行比较,分别获得了0.5~2.5 THz频率范围的高密度聚乙烯的折射率和吸收系数,结果显示两种方法测量样品的折射率和吸收系数有较大的差异。常规法和不等光程法得到的折射率分别为1.505和1.483。常规法在1.465 THz附近出现一个峰值,而不等光程法得到的吸收系数在1.166 THz和2.431 THz出现特征吸收峰。证明不等光程法能更加精确提取材料光学参数,并可以揭示常规方法无法测得的材料特征吸收峰,为太赫兹波段精确测量材料光学参数提供了新的方法。     

结晶化合物的太赫兹光谱实验研究

对几种结晶化合物(石膏、蓝矾、绿矾、芒硝和明矾)的吸收性进行了实验研究,得到了这几种结晶化合物的折射率曲线和吸收曲线.实验表明,蓝矾、芒硝、明矾等结晶化合物对太赫兹辐射吸收很大,这为太赫兹波段吸波材料的研制方面提供了可能的依据.     

Terahertz Time-Domain Spectroscopy method for optical parameter extraction of plastic materials

A method for extracting optical parameters of plastics materials based on terahertz time domain spectroscopy is presented. The transmission-type Terahertz Time-Domain Spectroscopy(THz TDS) system is adopted to detect the refractive index and extinction coefficient on different plastic materials. Then the corresponding spectral information is obtained by Fourier transform of the terahertz time domain waveform of the sampling points, including the corresponding amplitude and phase information of the waveform. The optical parameter extraction model is built. By using the simplex optimization method, the curves of the refractive index and extinction coefficient for the plastic material are obtained. The experimental samples are made of different plastic parallel plate materials. The experimental results show that the optimization of optical parameters can improve their extraction accuracy, and the error of refractive index is ±0.005. Extraction technology with the simplex optimization method of optical parameter based on THz TDS can help to extract the optical parameters of engineering plastics. It is of great significance for the research of terahertz nondestructive testing.     

氧化镁单晶在太赫兹波段的介电特性

利用太赫兹时域光谱系统,在0.5~9.5 THz范围内对氧化镁单晶基片的介电特性进行了研究,并获得折射率、吸收系数以及复介电函数信息。实验数据表明,在低频（ 2 THz）范围内,氧化镁单晶透过性较好,折射率在3.12~3.15之间。折射率和吸收系数均随频率增加而增大,且在3.16 THz和8.11 THz两处存在明显的吸收峰。通过经典的赝简谐振动理论很好地拟合了实验结果,分析了晶体中的横向光学声子振动模式,为氧化镁单晶在宽带太赫兹波段的应用提供了有益参考。     

固体粉末的太赫兹折射率和吸收系数准确提取方法

为解决固体粉末类物质太赫兹折射率和吸收系数提取不准确的问题,采用太赫兹时域光谱(THz-TDS)技术以聚乙烯(PE)与聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)为研究对象,分析一元和二元混合粉中孔隙率对光学参数提取的影响;以有效介质理论为基础,提出基于Landau-Lifshitz-Looyenga(LLL)模型的折射率和吸收系数提取方法...     

基于太赫兹反射谱提取光学参数不确定度分析

利用太赫兹光谱技术计算物质的光学参数已成为各领域的研究重点。由于太赫兹系统以及算法提取过程依然存在缺陷,无法实现对物质光学参数的精确测量。为提高光学参数的测量准确度,对反射式太赫兹时域光谱系统进行全面的不确定度分析。首先分析了基于太赫兹反射时域光谱提取光学参数、折射率和消光系数的7种误差来源,并分别建立了折射率和消光系数的不确定度模型;然后,以葡萄糖多晶薄片样品为例,计算其在0.2~2.0 THz频段的折射率和消光系数的各种误差因素占综合不确定度的比例,总结误差因素对不确定度的贡献。其中,样品厚度测量的随机误差对折射率的影响最大,占总误差的80%;传递函数误差对消光系数的影响最大,占总误差的99%。最后,对减小折射率和消光系数的不确定度提出了建议,如采用自参考方法提取光学参数,采用智能优化算法对样品厚度和光学参数进行优化,修正Fabry-Perot效应等。     

太赫兹频率下镁掺杂对氧化锌纳米粉体介电性能的影响

利用偶极天线LT-GaAs发射的太赫兹时域光谱(THz-TDS)研究单晶氧化锌、未掺杂和Mg掺杂的ZnO纳米粉末(粒子)在室温下的太赫兹光谱特性。在0.2~2 THz频率范围内研究了样品的功率吸收和折射率。结果发现,镁掺杂提高了样品材料的吸收效率,同时降低了氧化锌材料的折射率。相比较氧化锌单晶,未掺杂和Mg掺杂氧化锌纳米颗粒的太赫兹介电性质呈现类似的行为,该结果与横向光学E1(TO)声子模式有关。     

Temperature-Dependent Refractive Index of Quartz at Terahertz Frequencies

Characterisation of materials often requires the use of a substrate to support the sample being investigated. For optical characterisation at terahertz frequencies, quartz is commonly used owing to its high transmission and low absorption at these frequencies. Knowledge of the complex refractive index of quartz is required for analysis of time-domain terahertz spectroscopy and optical pump terahertz probe spectroscopy for samples on a quartz substrate. Here, we present the refractive index and extinction coefficient for α-quartz between 0.5 THz and 5.5 THz (17–183 cm^??1) taken at 10, 40, 80, 120, 160, 200 and 300 K. Quartz shows excellent transmission and is thus an ideal optical substrate over the THz band, apart from the region 3.9 ± 0.1 THz owing to a spectral feature originating from the lowest energy optical phonon modes. We also present the experimentally measured polariton dispersion of α-quartz over this frequency range.     

太赫兹波对肾癌组织的光谱检测

利用太赫兹光谱技术,对人肾癌组织进行检测,分别比较了肿瘤组织和肿瘤旁正常组织对太赫兹波的响应。通过对新鲜含水和经冷冻真空脱水组织的测量分析,分别获得了不同样品在0.2~1.2 THz波段的吸收系数和折射率。结果显示,生物组织中含水量对太赫兹波吸收信号强度有很大的影响。同时,不同组织的细胞结构和成分也是影响太赫兹信号强度的重要因素。比如癌细胞和正常细胞的结构的不同,因此对太赫兹电磁波的吸收以及它们在太赫兹波段的折射率都有显著的不同。结果显示太赫兹光谱技术在生物组织检测和临床医学如肿瘤疾病诊断方面具有广阔的应用前景。     

太赫兹波对肠黏液的光谱检测

主要利用太赫兹时域光谱技术对人体正常肠组织表面黏液与癌变肠组织表面黏液进行检测.分别获得了不同样品在0.2 THz～0.8 THz波段的吸收系数和折射率.研究发现,新鲜正常肠组织表面黏液的太赫兹吸收与水的吸收接近,这提示水的贡献是主要的.同时,癌变肠组织表面黏液在吸收系数和折射率强度上普遍比正常肠组织表面黏液样品高,这表明该技术在癌组织检测中具有潜在的应用.研究结果表明,太赫兹时域光谱技术在生物组织检测和临床医学如肿瘤疾病诊断方面具有广泛的应用前景.     

Tunable Terahertz Device Using Refractive Index Control

We measured the thermal dependencies of the refractive index and the absorption coefficient of high-resistivity silicon. We found that the refractive index varied slightly with temperature, and the absorption coefficient was very low and remained approximately constant as the temperature was changed. As a result, the conditions for terahertz propagation in silicon could be controlled by changing the refractive index without any absorption loss. As one application of this effect, we developed a terahertz time delay generator that can generate a terahertz time delay by changing the temperature of the medium through which the terahertz beam passes, without the need for any mechanical delay. We demonstrated generation of a terahertz time delay of approximately 6.6 ps.     

正构烷烃随温度变化的太赫兹时域光谱研究

利用太赫兹时域光谱技术研究了温度变化对正构烷烃（C11~C14）状态的影响。通过扫描不同温度下的样品得到了太赫兹时域谱。经数据处理后得到的频域谱、折射率谱、吸收系数谱均能反映正构烷烃状态的变化。温度下降至低于其凝点时,正构烷烃状态由液态变为固态晶体,导致频域谱中的有效频率区间变窄,频域面积减小。温度的降低会导致烷烃分子结晶,折射率增大,吸收系数与频率成线性关系。实验结果表明,太赫兹时域光谱技术可以应用于检测以正构烷烃为代表的非极性烃类物质。     

Index of Refraction and Absorption Coefficient Spectra of Paratellurite in the Terahertz Region

Index of refraction and absorption coefficient spectra of pure paratellurite (α-TeO₂) crystal as a potential material for terahertz (THz) applications were determined in the 0.25–2 THz frequency range at room temperature by THz time domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS). The investigation was performed with beam polarization both parallel (extraordinary polarization) and perpendicular (ordinary polarization) to the optical axis [001] of the crystal. Similarly to the visible spectral range, positive birefringence was observed in the THz range as well. It was shown that the values of the refractive index for extraordinary polarization are higher and show significantly larger dispersion than for the ordinary one. The absorption coefficient values are also larger for extraordinary polarization. The measured values were fitted by theoretical curves derived from the complex dielectric function containing independent terms of Lorentz oscillators due to phonon-polariton resonances. The results are compared with earlier publications, and the observed significant discrepancies are discussed.     

导电聚苯胺在太赫兹波段的光电性能研究

导电聚苯胺是一种掺杂高分子半导体,内部含有大量的自由载流子,同时含有大量被束缚的载流子。本文利用太赫兹时域光谱装置测量了不同电导率的聚苯胺在0.3～2.8 THz的光谱特性,得到了其在太赫兹波段的吸收系数、折射率和介电常数等光电参数。研究了电导率对其吸收系数、折射率和介电常数的影响,对半导体材料中载流子与太赫兹波的相互作用的研究具有重要意义。     

生物组织脱水过程的太赫兹时域光谱

利用透射式太赫兹时域光谱(THz-TDS)技术对猪脂肪、肌肉和皮肤三种新鲜组织的持续脱水过程进行在线连续扫描,观察太赫兹波时域谱在组织脱水过程的变化,并分析比较三种组织脱水前后的太赫兹波吸收系数及折射率的改变及差异.结果表明,太赫兹波对新鲜组织含水量的改变十分敏感,新鲜组织的含水量是影响太赫兹波吸收系数的主要因素.同时,不同组织对太赫兹的吸收有明显差异,表明太赫兹光谱技术可以鉴别不同的组织类型.本研究为太赫兹技术在生物医学领域的进一步研究和应用提供了帮助.     

基于太赫兹时域光谱的壁画信息提取的可行性研究

采用太赫兹时域光谱技术对传统中国壁画的部分制作流程进行了分析,获得了壁画制作每个流程的太赫兹时域反射谱。研究了传统中国壁画在0.2～1.0 THz频率范围内的太赫兹光谱特性,得到了其在室温环境下的太赫兹吸收谱和折射率。结果表明,各样品的折射率平均值和吸收系数的峰值频率差异显著。研究结果能为太赫兹时域光谱技术在壁画信息提取领域的应用提供参考。     

Characteristics of Gadolinium Oxide Nanoparticles as Contrast Agents for Terahertz Imaging

For the application of gadolinium oxide (Gd₂O₃) nanoparticles as terahertz contrast agents, their optical properties in a solvent were studied using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy. The power absorption and refractive index of the samples were measured with various concentrations of nanoparticles. The power absorption was extremely large, as much as three orders of magnitude higher than that of water, so that a few ppms of Gd₂O₃ nanoparticles were distinguished in terms of their power absorption capacity. The results show that the interaction between the terahertz electromagnetic waves and the Gd₂O₃ nanoparticles is strong enough to allow their exploitation as contrast agents for terahertz medical imaging.     

Cobalt-Based Ferrites Characterization Using Two Different Terahertz Time-Domain Spectrometers

We report an experimental study of the electrical properties of manganese cobalt (MnCo) and nickel cobalt (NiCo) ferrites in the terahertz (THz) frequency band. The study is motivated by the potential of MnCo, NiCo, and other magnetic ceramics for the fabrication of active and passive devices for THz wave communications. Using two different terahertz (THz) time-domain spectroscopy systems, we characterized the optical constants of cobalt ferrites doped with manganese and nickel in the technologically important 0.2–1 THz frequency band. The MnCo and NiCo ferrites investigated in our study exhibit a lower refractive index and absorption coefficient in the 0.2–1 THz frequency band than commercial strontium ferrite. We observed that using different valency ion oxide leads to a sudden change of the refractive index as a function of sample stoichiometries. Our experimental results provide evidence that microwave ferrite technology can be extended to the THz frequency band.     

太赫兹时域光谱反射式层析成像技术

改性聚丙烯（PP）材料由于其阻燃、高抗冲性能等特点被广泛应用在汽车仪表板、保险杠等汽车配件中,采用无损探伤技术对改性PP材料进行检测是汽车配件质量保证的必要手段。搭建了透射式太赫兹时域光谱系统及反射式太赫兹时域光谱成像系统,采用透射式THz-TDS系统对改性PP材料的光学参数进行了检测,测定了该材料在太赫兹波段的折射率,其数值为1.53。设计了一种改性PP材料平底洞样品,采用反射式THz-TDS成像系统对其进行成像,采用了反卷积滤波技术对THz信号进行处理,提高了信号的信噪比,提出了一种基于飞行时间的太赫兹时域光谱层析成像技术,采用已测定的改性PP材料的折射率,通过飞行时间层析成像技术对该样品的太赫兹检测结果进行了三维重构,厚度测量精度为0.01mm。     

气溶胶粒子等效复折射率的BP神经网络建模

利用改进的BP算法,结合Mie散射理论,建立了波长、散射系数、吸收系数与气溶胶粒子等效复折射率之间的非线性映射关系,实现了反演实际大气非均匀气溶胶粒子等效复折射率的BP神经网络模型的建模.利用该模型对气溶胶粒子等效复折射率进行了反演,根据反演得到的等效复折射率计算了其光学特征量,计算结果与实测结果基本吻合.