超高强TB8钛合金高温塑性变形流变应力分析与本构方程

在Gleeble-3000热模拟试验机上进行等温恒速率热压试验(变形温度800~950℃,应变速率0.001~1.0 s-1),研究了TB8合金的高温塑性变形流变应力变化规律,建立了一个包含应变量的本构方程。结果表明,流变应力随变形温度的升高和应变速率的降低而减小;当ε·≤0.1 s-1时,TB8合金高温热压流变曲线为动态再结晶型流变曲线;热变形激活能Q、材料常数n、α、及ln A均与变形量有关;所建立的本构关系能较好的反应TB8合金高温低应变速率下的流变特征。     

锻态TB6钛合金热变形行为及组织演变

在THERMECMASTER-Z型热模拟试验机上,对锻态TB6钛合金在真应变为0.92、变形温度为800℃～1150℃、应变速率为0.001s-1～1s-1的条件下进行等温恒应变速率压缩试验,分析合金在β单相区条件下的热变形特点,并观察金相组织。结果表明,应变速率对合金流动应力的影响较显著;而变形温度对合金流动应力的影响在较高应变速率时较大,在较低应变速率时较小。动态再结晶晶粒尺寸和动态再结晶体积分数,随温度的升高而增大,随应变速率的增大而减小。从晶粒细化和动态再结晶组织均匀性考虑,当真应变为0.92时,变形温度选择在950℃～1050℃之间,应变速率选择在0.01s-1为宜。     

抗蠕变Zn-Cu-Cr合金的热压缩流变应力行为

通过Gleeble1500D热模拟机的热压缩实验,研究了Zn-8Cu-0.2Cr合金在应变速率为0.01/s~10/s、温度为230℃~380℃条件下的流变应力行为;采用双曲正弦模型求解材料常数,并采用非线性回归,建立了真应变ε与Q、lnA、n和α之间的关系。结果表明,变形条件对流变应力具有显著的影响,流变应力随应变速率的增大和温度的升高而减小;Q、lnA、n和α可表示为真应变ε的5次指数函数,利用该函数,可以计算任意变形条件下的流变应力,其平均误差为5.9%,该模型能准确反映Zn-8Cu-0.2Cr合金的高温变形力学行为。     

Al-Mn-Mg-Cu-Ni合金热压缩变形的流变行为和组织

在Gleeble-1500热模拟机上对Al-Mn-Mg-Cu-Ni合金进行热压缩试验,分析合金的流变应力与应变速率和变形温度之间的关系,计算高温变形时的变形激活能,并研究合金在变形过程中的显微组织。结果表明:Al-Mn-Mg-Cu-Ni合金在本实验条件下具有正的应变速率敏感性;流变应力随应变速率的增大而增大,随变形温度的升高而减小。该合金热压缩变形的流变应力行为可用双曲正弦形式的本构方程来描述,也可用Zener-Hollomon参数来描述,其变形激活能为209.84kJ/mol。随着热变形温度的升高和应变速率的减小,合金中的主要软化机制逐步由动态回复转变为动态再结晶。     

Al-6.2Zn-2.3Mg-2.3Cu合金热压缩变形的流变应力与组织演变

利用GPL-1500热模拟试验机对Al-6.2Zn-2.3Mg-2.3Cu合金在不同温度和不同应变速率条件下进行高温压缩试验,得到压缩真应力-应变曲线,并得出该合金的变形激活能和流变应力-应变方程。结果表明,变形温度和应变速率的变化对流变应力的影响明显,流变应力随变形温度的提高而显著降低,随应变速率的提高而增加。该合金高温变形过程的流变应力可用Zener-Hollomon参数(Z)描述;用双曲正弦函数修正的Arrhenius关系表示的流变应力方程为.ε·=1.282×100[sin(0.010σ)]4.9145exp(-134157/RT)。     

7150铝合金高温热压缩变形流变应力行为

在Gleeble-1500热模拟机上对7150铝合金进行高温热压缩实验,研究该合金在变形温度为300~450 ℃和应变速率为0.01～10 s~(-1) 条件下的流变应力行为.结果表明:流变应力在变形初期随着应变的增加而增大,出现峰值后逐渐趋于平稳;峰值应力随着温度的升高而减小,随着应变速率的增大而增大;可用包含Zener-Hollomon参数的Arrhenius双曲正弦关系来描述合金的热流变行为,其变形激活能为226.698 8 kJ/mol;随着温度的升高和应变速率的降低,合金中拉长的晶粒发生粗化,亚晶尺寸增大,再结晶晶粒在晶界交叉处出现并且晶粒数量逐渐增加;合金热压缩变形的主要软化机制由动态回复逐步转变为动态再结晶.     

Hot deformation behavior and microstructure evolution of titanium alloy Ti-Al-Zr-Sn-Mo-Si-Y

Samples of Ti-Al-Zr-Sn-Mo-Si-Y alloy were compressed on the Gleeble-1500 heat stimulation machine. The compression test was carried out in the temperature range from 800 ℃ to 1 100℃ and strain rate range from 0.001 s^-1 to 10 s^-1. Stress-strain behavior and variation of microstructure of the alloy during hot compression were investigated. The experimental results show that the alloy is sensitive to temperature and strain rate, and the flow softening behavior is more obvious with the decrease of deformation temperature. At higher strain rate, discontinuous yielding is observed in β phase region. When deformed in α＋β phase region, with the increment of deformation temperature, the lamellar a structures globularization is more quick and more uniform. When deformed in β phase region, coarse β grains can be got because of high deformation temperature.     

AZ80镁合金热变形流变应力研究

在应变速率为0.001s-1～10s-1,变形温度为200℃～400℃条件下,在Gleeble-3800热模拟机上对AZ80合金的流变应力进行了研究。结果表明,AZ80合金的流变应力强烈地受变形温度的影响,当变形温度低于300℃时,其峰值流变应力呈现幂指数关系;当变形温度高于300℃时,其峰值流变应力呈现指数关系。在该文实验条件下,AZ80合金热变形应力指数n=8.43,热变形激活能Q=165.83kJ/mol。     

一种新型水平连铸Al-Mn-Si-X合金热压缩变形流变应力

采用圆柱体在Gleeble-1500热模拟机上进行热压缩实验,对一种新型水平连铸Al-Mn-Si-X合金热变形流变应力行为进行研究,变形温度为350℃~500℃,应变速率为0.01s-1~10s-1。结果表明,流变应力先随应变的增大而增大,达到峰值后则逐渐减小并趋于平稳,表现出流变软化特征;而应力峰值是随着温度的升高而减小,随应变速率的增大而增大。应用包含Zener-Hollomon参数的Arrhenius双曲正弦关系描述合金热压缩变形流变应力,其变形激活能Q=159.2kJ/mol。     

Flow behavior and microstructure evolution during hot compression of TA 15 titanium alloy

The samples of TAI 5 titanium alloy were hot compressed in the temperature range of 550-1 000 β at constant strain rate from 0.01 s^-1 to 1.0 s^-1. The flow behavior and microstructural evolution during hot deformation of TA 15 alloy were investigated, based on which the hot working parameters of TA15 alloy were selected. The results show that with the increase of deformation temperature and decrease of stain rate, the flow stress decreases gradually, but the magnitude of stress drop varies with the increase of temperature in different temperature intervals. According to the flow stress and deformation microstructure, the deformation behavior can be classified into three types as working hardening（550-600 β, α＋β phase）, dynamic recrystallization （650-900 ℃, α＋β phase） and dynamic recovery（950-1 000 ℃, β phase）. The main softening mechanism is dynamic recrystallization（DRX） of a phase in α＋β phase zone and dynamic recovery（DRV） of β phase in β phase zone. As the stain rate decreases dynamic recrystallization of a phase proceeds more adequately in α＋β zone and the β subgrains of dynamic recovery have the tendency to grow infl zone. The reasonable temperature for warm forming of TA15 alloy is in the range of 600-700 , which has been verified by warm spinning experiment of tube workpieces.：     

固溶温度对TB8钛合金组织及性能的影响

研究了固溶温度对TB8钛合金显微组织及力学性能的影响.结果表明,随固溶温度的升高,合金β晶粒明显长大;合金固溶态强度略有降低,塑性逐渐升高;合金固溶+时效处理后,β晶界及晶粒内部均匀弥散析出大量次生α相颗粒,强度呈上升趋势,塑性明显降低.TB8钛合金在770 ～ 830℃温度范围内固溶后,具有较高的强度和优异的塑性,经520℃时效后,综合性能优异,抗拉强度＞ 1300 MPa,伸长率＞15％,断面收缩率＞55％.     

7075铝合金热压缩变形流变应力

在Gleeble-1500热模拟试验机上,采用高温等温压缩试验,对7075铝合金在高温压缩变形中的流变应力行为进行了研究。结果表明,应变速率和变形温度的变化强烈地影响合金流变应力的大小,流变应力随变形温度升高而降低,随应变速率提高而增大;可用Zener-Hollomon参数的指数形式来描述7075铝合金高温压缩变莆时的流变应力行为。     

Influence of thermo hydrogen treatment on hot deformation behavior of Ti600 alloy

Hot compressive deformation of Ti600 alloy after thermo hydrogen treatment (THT) was carried out within hydrogen content range of 0-0.5%, temperature range of 760-920 ℃ and strain rate range of 0.01-10 s-1. The flow stress of Ti600 alloy after THT was obtained under hot deformation condition, and the influence of hydrogen on work-hardening rate (S*), strain energy density (U*), and deformation activation energy (Q) was analysed. The results show that the flow stress of Ti600 alloy decreases remarkably with the increase of hydrogen when the hydrogen content is less than 0.3%. Both S* and U* decrease with the increase of hydrogen when the hydrogen content is less than 0.3%, and when the hydrogen content is more than 0.3%, S* and U* increase with hydrogen addition. The value of Q decreases with the increase of strain at the same hydrogen content. The addition of small quantity of hydrogen leads to an increase of Q at small strain values, and when the strain reaches 0.6, the value of Q decreases gradually with the increase of hydrogen. When the hydrogen content is within the range of 0.1%-0.3%, the flow stress of Ti600 alloy is decreased when being deformed at the temperature range of 760-920 ℃.     

Flow stress of 2197 Al-Li alloy during hot compression deformation

The flow stress behavior of 2197 Al-Li alloy during hot compression deformation was studied in the strain rate range from 0.01 to 10 s^-1 and the temperature range from 360 to 510℃ by isothermal compression test on a Gleeble-1500 thermal-mechanical simulator. The results show that the flow stress of 2197 Al-Li alloy decreases with the increase of deformation temperature and increases with the increase of strain rate. The peak flow stress during high temperature deformation can be represented by Z parameter in a hyperbolic sine function. The analytical expression of peak flow stress was fitted with the hot deformation activation energy of 260.6 kJ/mol.     

6063铝合金双道次热变形微观组织演变

采用Gleeble-1500热模拟试验机对6063铝合金进行双道次热轧试验,分析了合金在变形温度为300~500 ℃,应变速率为0.001~0.1 s^-1,道次间停留时间10~90 s时的流变应力和微观组织。结果表明:随着道次间停留时间增长,第二道次屈服应力减小;温度与道次间停留时间对合金的静态软化率有较大的影响。低温大应变速率短道次间停留时间下试样的强化相较多,其形貌为长条状与圆形;高温低应变速率长道次间停留时间下试样的强化相数量有所减少,其形貌以圆形为主。通过能谱分析可知,试样中的强化相以AlFeSi为主,长条状强化相为6 μm左右,圆形强化相尺寸约2 μm。     

Hot deformation behavior and constitutive equations of titanium alloy Ti26

Samples of Ti26 （Ti-V-Sn-Cr-AI-Zr-Nb） alloy were compressed on the Gleeble-1500 heat stimulation machine. The compression test was carried out at 900-1 150 ℃ and strain rates from 0.001 s^-1 to 10 s^-1. Flow stress data at various temperatures and strain rate were obtained; and the compressive true stress vs. true strain curves were measured and studied. The deformation activation energy was calculated. The results show that the flow stress of Ti26 alloy decreases with the increase of temperature and the decrease of strain rate, and the deformation activation energy is 278.11 kJ/mol in β phase region. The flow stress curves and deformation activation energy reveal that the main softening mechanism is dynamic recovery in β phase region. Constitutive equations were formulated to describe the temperature dependence of the flow stress over a wide range of strain rates.     

铸态TB6钛合金热变形过程中应力诱发马氏体相变

对铸态TB6钛合金进行了恒应变速率热模拟压缩试验（变形温度为800~1150 ℃、应变速率为0.001~10 s-1）,研究了合金微观组织演变和应力诱导马氏体（SIM）相变。结果表明,该合金在热变形过程中出现了具有枝晶形态的正交结构SIM。SIM在β晶内和晶界形核。应变速率和变形温度控制合金成分均匀性和内应力,是SIM析出量的主要影响因素。不同应变速率的SIM析出量与变形温度范围有关。SIM析出量较高变形条件为：在800~900 ℃时应变速率为0.1 s-1,900~1000 ℃时应变速率为0.01和1 s-1,在1000 ℃以上时应变速率为1 s-1。在变形温度925 ℃、应变速率1 s-1时SIM析出量达最大化为50%。     

高强可焊2195铝-锂合金热压缩变形的流变应力

在Gleeble-1500热模拟实验机上,采用高温等温压缩,0.001～10 s-1,变形温度为360～520℃,对2195铝-锂合金在高温压缩变形中的流变应力行为进行了研究,分析了其高温变形的物理本质.结果表明:在应变速率为1 s-1(变形温度为520℃)和应变速率为0.1、0.01、0.001 s-1(变形温度为360～520℃)时,2195铝-锂合金热压缩变形流变应力出现了明显的峰值应力,表现为连续动态再结晶特征;在其它变形条件下存在较为明显的稳态流变特征;可采用Zener-Hollomon参数的双曲正弦函数来描述2195铝-锂合金高温变形时的流变应力行为;在获得的流变应力σ解析表达式中,A、α和n值分别为2.569×1017 s-1、0.012 48 MPa-1和5.94;热变形激活能Q为250.45 kJ/mol.     

AZ80镁合金高温热变形流变应力研究

在Gleeble2000热模拟机上对铸态AZ80镁合金在应变速率为0.001～1s-1、变形温度为240～440℃条件下的热压缩变形行为进行了研究.结果表明:AZ80镁合金热压缩变形的流变应力受到变形温度和应变速率的显著影响,可以用Zener-Hollomon参数的双曲正弦函数形式进行描述.本实验条件下,AZ80镁合金热压缩变形时的应力指数n为5,其热变形激活能Q为183 kJ·mol-1,建立了流变应力的数学模型,其结果可为变形镁合金的塑性成形工艺的制订提供更为科学的依据.