Formation and structure of composite coating of HDA and micro-plasma oxidation on A3 steel

Composite coatings were obtained on A3 steel by hot dipping aluminum(HDA) at 720 ℃ for 6 min and micro-plasma oxidation(MPO) in alkali electrolyte. The surface morphology, element distribution and interface structure of composite coatings were studied by means of XRD, SEM and EDS. The results show that the composite coatings obtained through HDA/MPO on A3 steel consist of four layers. From the surface to the substrate, the layer is loose Al2O3 ceramic, compact Al2O3 ceramic, Al and FeAl intermetallic compound layer in turn. The adhesions among all the layers are strengthened because the ceramic layer formed at the Al surface originally, FeAl intermetallic compound layer and substrate are combined in metallurgical form through mutual diffusion during HDA process.Initial experiment results disclose that the anti-corrosion performance and wear resistance of composite coating are obviously improved through HDA/MPO treatment.     

H13热作模具钢微弧氧化复合陶瓷层的组织和性能

通过热浸镀铝/微弧氧化复合工艺对H13模具钢进行表面改性以提高模具表面质量。在热浸镀铝过程中,将H13钢基体浸入710℃纯铝液6 min,得到了以Fe2Al5为主中间合金层,使得镀层与基体紧密结合。经过微弧氧化处理后,镀铝试样表面铝层转化为氧化铝陶瓷,主要由α-Al2O3和γ-Al2O3相组成。用带有能谱分析装置(EDX)的扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)分析了膜层的形貌、成分和相组成。微弧氧化陶瓷层主要由Al、O、Si元素组成,其中O、Si主要来源于硅酸盐电解液。     

La2Ce2O7/YSZ热障涂层抗热震性能的陶瓷层厚度影响研究

采用实验和数值方法研究了陶瓷层厚度比对La2Ce2O7/YSZ(LC/YSZ)热障涂层热震性能的影响。实验结果表明,随着LC与YSZ厚度比的降低,涂层热震寿命显著提高,涂层失效区域逐渐向试样中心转移,剥离位置逐渐从两陶瓷层界面附近转移到LC内靠近上表面处。数值结果表明,界面边缘处较大的轴向应力与剪切应力易导致较大厚度比涂层边缘处剥落;LC表面中心区域较大的径向拉应力会导致垂直裂纹萌生,并伴随界面偏折,这是较小厚度比涂层自LC内部剥离的原因。     

球铁浸镀微弧氧化陶瓷层的制备与组织分析

通过热浸镀铝及微弧氧化的方法在球墨铸铁表面上获得了陶瓷层,并对该涂层进行了XRD、SEM分析.研究结果表明:浸镀温度越高,镀层越厚,直到达到一峰值;浸镀时间越长,镀层越厚.球墨铸铁浸镀微弧氧化获得的涂层由涂层表面至基体依次为陶瓷层、纯铝层、扩散层、基体.陶瓷层主要为Al2O3相,扩散层由FeAl3、Fe2Al5相组成.     

B4 C 含量对等离子喷涂 NiCoCrAlY / Al2 O3 -B4 C复合涂层力学性能的影响

目的提高等离子喷涂NiCoCrAlY/Al2O3复合涂层的摩擦性能。方法采用离心喷雾造粒、化学冶金包覆和固相合金化技术制备NiCoCrAlY/Al2O3和NiCoCrAlY/B4C复合粉体,通过等离子喷涂技术制备NiCoCrAlY/Al2O3-B4C复合涂层。对涂层的显微结构、结合强度和显微硬度进行表征,研究B4C含量对等离子喷涂NiCoCrAlY/Al2O3-B4C复合涂层力学性能的影响。结果 Al2O3和B4C颗粒包覆了致密的NiCoCrAlY合金层,包覆层厚约3~5μm。等离子喷涂NiCoCrAlY/Al2O3-B4C复合涂层呈典型的层状结构,涂层结构致密,各层间结合良好。随着B4C含量的增加,复合涂层的显微硬度逐渐增大,结合强度逐渐降低,当B4C质量分数达到30%时,涂层的显微硬度比未添加B4C时提高了1.4倍,结合强度比未添加B4C时降低了26%。涂层在拉伸试验中发生了典型的脆性断裂,断裂位置发生在涂层内部。结论向等离子喷涂NiCoCrAlY/Al2O3复合涂层中添加B4C,可显著提高涂层的显微硬度,但会使涂层的结合强度有一定程度降低。     

FeAl/Al_2O_3复合阻氚涂层制备技术的研究进展

FeAl/Al_2O_3复合膜层是聚变堆氚增殖包层及辅助涉氚系统结构材料首选的阻氚涂层。其制备过程通常需要铝化和氧化2个步骤,铝化是Al原子与基体Fe原子通过相互扩散在基体表面形成铁铝固溶体(Fe,Al)或Fe-Al金属间化合物过渡层;氧化是使铝化涂层表面选择性氧化形成Al_2O_3膜。该阻氚涂层的制备可采用物理气相沉积(PVD)、化学气相沉积(CVD)、热浸铝化(HDA)、包埋渗铝(PC)、等离子体喷涂(PS)和电化学沉积(ECD)等技术。相对而言,CVD、HDA和PC等3种技术有较好的应用前景,有望成为聚变堆中FeAl/Al_2O_3阻氚涂层工程化制备的候选技术而ECD技术因其制备过程容易控制、涂层性能稳定、可涂镀复杂结构件等特点在FeAl/Al_2O_3阻氚涂层制备方面颇具吸引力。     

Structure and tensile／wear properties of microarc oxidation ceramic coatings on aluminium alloy

Thick and hard ceramic coatings were prepared on the Al-Cu-Mg alloy by microarc oxidation in alkali-silicate electrolytic solution. The thickness and microhardness of the oxide coatings were measured. The influence of current density on the growth rate of the coating was examined. The rnicrostructure and phase composition of the coatings were investigated by means of scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. Moreover, the tensile strength of the AI alloy before and after microarc oxidation treatment were tested, and the fractography and morphology of the oxide coatings were observed using scanning electron microscope. It is found that the current density considerably influences the growth rate of the microarc oxidation coatings. The oxide coating is mainly composed of α-Al2 O3 and γ-Al2O3, while high content of Si is observed in the superficial layer of the coating. The cross-section microhardness of 120μm thick coating reaches the maximum at distance of 35μm from the substrate/coating interface. The tensile strength and elongation of the coated AI alloy significantly decrease with increasing coating thickness. The rnicroarc oxidation coatings greatly improve the wear resistance of AI alloy, but have high friction coefficient which changes in the range of 0.7-0.8. Under grease lubricating, friction coefficient is only 0. 15 and wear loss is less than 1/10 of the loss under dry friction.     

Amorphous coatings deposited on aluminum alloy by plasma electrolytic oxidation

Amorphous [Al-Si-O] coatings were deposited on aluminum alloy by plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO). The process parameters, composition, micrograph, and mechanical property of PEO amorphous coatings were investigated. It is found that the growth rate of PEO coatings reaches 4.44μm/min if the current density is 0.9 mA/mm^2. XRD results show that the PEO coatings are amorphous in the current density range of 0.3 - 0.9 mA/mm^2. EDS results show that the coatings are composed of O, Si and A1 elements. SEM results show that the coatings are porous. Nano indentation results show that the hardness of the coatings is about 3 - 4 times of that of the substrate, while the elastic modulus is about the same with the substrate. Furthermore, a formation mechanism of amorphous PEO coatings was proposed.     

Preparation of ceramic coatings on inner surface of steel tubes using a combined technique of hot-dipping and plasma electrolytic oxidation

A new method for inner surface modification of steel tubes, named a combined technique of hot-dipping and plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) was proposed and demonstrated in this paper. In this work, metallurgically bonded ceramic coatings on inner surface of steel tubes were obtained using this method. In the combined process, aluminum coatings on steel were firstly prepared by the hot-dip process and then metallurgically bonded ceramic coatings were obtained on the aluminum coatings by PEO. The element distribution, phase composition and morphology of the aluminide layer and the ceramic coatings were characterized by SEM/EDX and XRD. The corrosion resistance of the ceramic coatings were also studied. The results show that, after hot-dip treatment, the coating layers consist of two layers, where Al, Fe_xAl _(1−x) were detected from external topcoat to the aluminide/steel substrate. Then after PEO process, uniform Al₂O₃ ceramic coatings have been deposited on inner surface of steel tubes. The ceramic coatings are mainly composed of -Al₂O₃ and γ-Al₂O₃ phase. The compound coatings show favorable corrosion resistance property. The investigations indicate that the combination of hot-dipping and plasma electrolytic oxidation proves a promising technique for inner surface modification of steel tubes for protective purposes.     

Microstructure Analysis of Initial Alumina of Pt-Modified Aluminide Coatings on Ni-Based AlloyEI北大核心CSCD

NiPtAl coatings are widely used as overlaying coatings besides bondcoats for thermal barrier coating (TBC) systems within high temperature environment. Oxidaiton behavior of NiPtAl coatings is mainly contribution for the failure of TBC systems or overlaying coatings. An initial oxide layer growth characteristics play a key role in extending lifetime of TBC system or overlaying coatings. In this work, the oxidation experiments of the Pt modified aluminide coating on CMSX-4 Ni-based alloy were carried out at 1150 degrees C for 1 h in 80% Ar+20%O-2. The microstructures of oxide on the NiPtAl coatings are studied by OM, SEM, TEM and Raman spectroscopy. The results indicated that the oxide layer on the NiPtAl coatings included stable and met-stable Al2O3 after 1 h oxidation, and part of spalled oxide layer as well as pores within the oxide layer. The 0.5 mu m thickness whisker-like theta-Al2O3 could form on NiPtAl coating during the initially oxidation stage. At the initial oxidation stage theta-Al2O3 fastly grew which resulted beta-NiAl to gamma'-Ni3Al transformation. The Pt particles formed on the inter-surface between alpha-Al2O3 and theta-Al2O3 layer due to a less Pt solid solubility in gamma'-Ni3Al compared to beta-NiAl in the coating. Fast growth of initial Al2O3 could induce pores formation within the alumina layer. The pores and stress due to oxidation and phase transformation could decrease the alumina adherence, and at last result in the oxide spallation.     

摩擦喷射纳米Al2O3/Ni复合镀层的组织形貌及其性能研究

采用摩擦喷射电沉积工艺制备了纳米Al2O3／Ni复合镀层，考察了该镀层的表面和断面形貌，并对镀层性能进行了测试分析。研究表明，摩擦喷射纳米Al2O3／Ni复合镀层表面较为平整，镀层与基体结合紧密。一次性镀覆厚度达到1．40mm，远高于电刷镀纳米Al2O3／Ni复合镀层（0．35mm），镀层硬度达到650HV。在试验条件下，该镀层的耐磨性是摩擦喷射Ni镀层的1．44倍，是纳米Al2O3／Ni刷镀层的1．15倍，摩擦因数也低于摩擦喷射Ni镀层和电刷镀纳米Al2O3／Ni复合镀层。     

Preparation of ZrO2-Al203 micro-laminated coatings on stainless steel and their high temperature oxidation resistance

Micro-laminated ZrO2-Al2O3 coatings were prepared by electrochemical depositing ZrO2 film and Al2O3 film alternatively in ethanol solutions containing aluminum nitrate and zirconium nitrate, with small amounts of yttrium nitrate added respectively into both solutions. The micro-laminated ZrO2-Al2O3 coating is of nanostructure. FE-SEM analyses show that the cross section of the micro-laminated coatings has alternate six-layer films of ZrO2 and Al2O3, with the thickness of each layer in the range of nanometer or submicron. The surface of the microlaminated coatings is composed of nano-particles. SEM, XRD and mass gain measurement were adopted to study the oxidation resistance of coatings on stainless steel. It has been found that all the coatings are effective in protecting the substrate from oxidation, and micro-laminated coatings exhibit more excellent protectiveness performance. Mechanisms accounting for such effects have been discussed.     

AZ91D镁合金等离子喷涂Ni-Al/陶瓷涂层的组织和性能

以Ni-Al为粘结层,在AZ91D镁合金基体上等离子喷涂Ni-Al/Al2O3、Ni-Al/Al2O3-13%TiO2(Ni-Al/AT13)、Ni-Al/Al2O3-20%TiO2(Ni-Al/AT20)复合涂层及Ni-Al/Al2O3/Al2O3-13%TiO2/Al2O3-20%TiO2(Ni-Al/Al2O3/AT13/AT20)梯度涂层,利用SEM、EDS和XRD分析涂层的微观组织特征,通过硬度、拉伸和热震实验研究涂层硬度、结合强度和抗热震性能,并与直接喷涂Al2O3、AT20的涂层进行比较。结果表明:Ni-Al粘结层因"自粘结"效应与基体形成较为致密并具有冶金结合的界面,且与Al2O3、AT13和AT20陶瓷层互有渗透、交叉和啮合,涂层致密性及结合力大为提高,表现出优良的抗热震性能。Al2O3涂层主要由亚稳态γ-Al2O3组成,AT20涂层以Al2O3和Al2TiO5为主。镁合金表面喷涂Al2O3陶瓷层后硬度大幅提高,由于加入TiO2,AT13和AT20涂层的硬度略低于Al2O3涂层的。Ni-Al/Al2O3-TiO2复合陶瓷的涂层结合强度高于Ni-Al/Al2O3单一陶瓷涂层的,而Ni-Al/Al2O3/AT13/AT20梯度涂层的结合强度比Ni-Al/AT20涂层的更高。     

Preparation of ZrO_2-Al_2O_3 micro-laminated coatings on stainless steel and their high temperature oxidation resistance

1 INTRODUCTIONIn recent years , micro-laminated coatings witha great potential for applications have attractedconsiderable interest . The micro-laminated coat-ings can dramatically i mprove many properties in-cluding fracture toughness ,fatigue behavior ,i m-pact behavior , oxidation resistance , hot corrosionresistance ,etc[1].It is evident that the formabili-ty ,shape ,and the fracture resistance of the coat-ings during forming andin service depend not onlyon the properties of the indivi…     

铀表面Al/Ti复合镀层热应力的有限元分析

对铀表面Al/Ti复合镀层的热应力进行了热弹塑性有限元分析,表明Ti镀层内为压应力,Al镀层内为拉应力,并达到铝的屈服强度,靠近试样侧边,存在边缘效应引起的应力分布不均匀性,离试样侧边2倍镀层厚度处,不均匀性逐渐消失,试样侧边U-Al界面剪切应力大于中部区域.对沉积温度、镀层厚度及镀层力学性能对镀层热应力和塑性应变的研究表明,随着沉积温度升高,镀层内热应力和塑性应变明显增大,减薄Al镀层和增厚Ti镀层可降低镀层内热应力和塑性应变,Al镀层屈服强度及Ti镀层弹性模量对镀层热应力和塑性应变有重要影响.     

大气等离子喷涂热障涂层CMAS防护层成分及厚度优化

目的优化热障涂层(TBCs)CMAS(CaO-MgO-Al_2O_3-SiO_2)阻抗层的成分和厚度,使其能有效阻抗CMAS沉积物的腐蚀,并同时与热障涂层有较高的结合力。方法首先利用多孔无压烧结陶瓷块体研究了不同含量Al_2O_3和8YSZ(8wt.%氧化钇稳定氧化锆)均匀混合后在高温(1250℃)条件下对CMAS沉积物的防护作用。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)以及X射线衍射(XRD)仪,分析研究了CMAS腐蚀层的显微结构、腐蚀深度及反应产物。其次,基于最优成分,利用大气等离子喷涂(APS)制备了具有8YSZ/Al_2O_3陶瓷层的热障涂层。对CMAS腐蚀厚度进行分析测量,提出CMAS阻抗层的厚度。结果 Al_2O_3的添加可以有效地阻碍CMAS的渗入,并且Al_2O_3含量越多,防护效果越好。但是CMAS的渗入深度和氧化铝的添加量呈非线性关系。结合TBC陶瓷层的热学性能和力学性能的要求,本实验中最佳的TBCs复合陶瓷层组分为70wt%8YSZ+30wt%Al_2O_3。基于实验结果,提出YSZ/Al_2O_3复合陶瓷层(50μm)-YSZ陶瓷层(150μm)的双层TBC陶瓷层结构,并综合计算出复合陶瓷层的热膨胀系数为9.93×10-6℃-1以及双层TBC陶瓷层的热导率为2.4 W/(m·K)。最后对Al_2O_3减缓CMAS腐蚀的机理进行了量化分析。结论 YSZ/Al_2O_3复合阻抗层的最优成分为70wt%8YSZ+30wt%Al_2O_3,厚度为50μm,能有效阻碍高温下CMAS腐蚀。     

化学镀Ni-P-W/Al2O3 复合镀层与NdFeB基体的结合强度研究

采用化学镀方法,在NdFeB磁性材料表面施镀Ni-P-W/Al2O3复合镀层,观察了镀层表面的微观形貌,测定了镀层的相组成,并且对基体与镀层间的结合强度进行了测试.结果表明:形成了胞状交叠的致密Ni-P-W/Al2O3复合镀层,纳米Al2O3颗粒弥散分布于Ni-P-W合金中;Al2O3颗粒与Ni-P-W共沉积有利于提高镀层与基体间的结合强度,镀液中Al2O3的质量浓度为5～10 g/L时,基体与镀层间的结合强度最好.     

Influence of Concentrations of KOH and Na_2SiO_3 Electrolytes on the Electrochemical Behavior of Ceramic Coatings on 6061 Al Alloy Processed by Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation

In this study,ceramic coatings were deposited on 6061 Al alloy using a plasma electrolytic oxidation(PEO)technique,and the effect of concentrations of KOH and Na_2SiO_3 as electrolytes for PEO process was studied on microstructure,chemical composition,and electrochemical behavior of PEO coatings formed on the 6061 Al alloy.The results indicated that the increase in concentration of KOH led to rise in electrical conductivity of electrolyte.Consequently,the breakdown voltage reduced,which in turn improved the surface quality and the corrosion behavior.Moreover,the increase in concentration of Na_2SiO_3 resulted in the increase in incorporation of Si in the coating,which led to a higher corrosion potential in the concentration of 4 g L~(-1).According to this investigation,the best protection behavior of coatings can be obtained when the KOH and Na_2SiO_3 concentrations in PEO electrolyte are equal to 4 g L~(-1).     

Composition and structure of coatings on Ti-6Al-4V alloy by micro-plasma oxidation in NaAlO2 solution

Compound ceramic coatings on Ti-6Al-4V alloy were prepared for different time by pulsed bi-polar micro-plasma oxidation (MPO) in NaAlO2 solution. The phase composition was studied by XRD. And the electrochemical impedance spectra (EIS) of the coatings were measured to study the structure of the coatings, combined with the surface morphology. Using the proper EIS interpreting software, the "equivalent circuit" of the coatings was established, and meanwhile fitting values of equivalent element were obtained. The results show that the coating is composed of Al2 TiO5, α-Al2O3 and rutile TiO2, of which Al2 TiO5 is the main crystalline. Increasing the MPO time, the contents of Al2TiO5, rutile TiO2 and α-Al2O3 in the surface of the coating increase. And the EIS analysis and the surface morphology of the coatings illustrates the double-layer structure of the coatings, and the outer layer is loosen and the inner layer is compact. With the increase of the oxidizing time, the surface coarse degree of the coatings and the porosity of the outer layer of the coating are increased while the compactness of the inner layer of the coating is improved.     

YSZ活性扩散障结构应力的有限元分析

利用有限元分析法建立了镍基合金基体/Al2O3/Zr/Al2O3/NiCrAlY粘结层模型,模拟计算了温度快速变化时扩散障的应力集中区域及应力水平,分析了扩散障的厚度及界面形貌对扩散障结构应力的影响。结果表明:在温度急剧变化过程中,扩散障内应力水平较高的区域主要出现在Al2O3层,特别是在Al2O3层中段、非平整界面的尖点、拐点处以及曲面的凹凸不平处;扩散障内应力值随Al2O3层和Zr层的增大而减小,且Al2O3层厚度变化对应力的影响比Zr层厚度变化的影响大;非平整界面最大等效应力比平整界面高约1 000 MPa。