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柴油机连杆采用自动辊锻制坯工艺的技术经济效果 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
连杆的锻造工艺有热模锻压力机锻造、摩擦压力机锻造和锤上模锻等几种。锤锻连杆一般在锻模上设拔长和滚压模膛制坯,热模锻压力机锻造连杆多用辊锻机制坯,摩擦压力机锻造连杆以空气锤制坯居多,少部分以辊锻机制坯。在大批量锻造连杆时,辊锻机制坯和空气锤制坯相比有较好的技术经济效果。本文以应用实例作以介绍。 相似文献
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模锻是塑性成形所需载荷最大的工序,随着锻件材料强度不断提高与尺寸的加大,所需锻造载荷也不断加大。前苏联于1967年建成世界上最大的750 MN模锻液压机并投产,同年美国也提出建造2 000 MN巨型模锻压力机的建议,对该拟建的压力机及其制造难度进行描述。从理论上阐明影响模锻变形力的因素及模锻省力的思路,指明减低模压时材料的流动应力,以及减少飞边处的单位压力可以显著减低变形载荷。并指明20世纪70年代由美国发明的等温锻与超塑锻可十分有效地减低流动应力,使现有压机的设备吨位能满足更强材料、更大尺寸工件成形的新要求。因而淡化对2 000 MN模锻液压机建造的迫切性。以前梁模锻为例,由于采用精确辊锻制坯减少终锻飞边体积成功地实现了用25 MN高能螺旋压力机生产出与120 MN楔式压力机相同规格前梁锻件,说明省力成形的重要性。 相似文献
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韩文干 《机械工人(热加工)》2012,(1):29-31
一、6条万吨线支撑“百万重卡”
2000年前,国内万吨级以上锻造生产线只有3条,分别是一汽锻造厂的125MN热模锻压力机生产线、东风锻造厂的120MN热模锻压力机生产线和湖北神力锻造厂的125MN热模锻压力机生产线。2008年,一汽巴勒特锻造(长春)有限公司和第一拖拉机股份有限公司锻造分公司的125MN热模锻压力机生产线分别建成投产, 相似文献
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无飞边模锻(闭式模锻)比开式模锻节省10%~20%的飞边材料,是一种先进节材的锻造工艺。目前国内的闭式模锻(精锻),多采用精密下料或毛坯少无氧化加热,使用压力机等带顶出器的锻造设备来实现的。而锤上无飞边模锻并不多见。下面介绍我厂在锤上无飞边的模锻工艺及模具设计。 相似文献
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螺旋压力机的基本形式有摩擦压力机、电动螺旋压力机、液压螺旋压力机和离合器式螺旋压力机等,其中摩擦压力机历史最长。摩擦压力机制造容易,价格低廉,作为锻锤的替代产品,在国内中小型锻造企业得到了广泛应用。青岛锻压机械厂20世纪80年代通过引进德国Hasenckver公司的摩擦压力机技术而提升了摩擦压力机的制造水平。但摩擦压力机的控制可靠性和安全性差,效率低,其摩擦传动结构不适合大型化,在国外已经很少生产。随着国内锻造技术的发展和锻件质量要求的不断提高,锻压设备也面临换代和升级。目前国产锻压设备中,引进德国Eumuco公司技术生产的系列热模锻压力机和离合器式螺旋压力机(或简称高能螺旋压力机)都是在选用锻造设备中值得优先考虑的。 相似文献
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Clarence W.DE SILVA 《Instrumentation》2019,(4):72-84
An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t... 相似文献
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INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD'S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
LI Cheng ZHENG Yanping 《机械工程学报(英文版)》2008,21(6):115-118
The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value. 相似文献
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30 keV Ga+ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z2, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z2. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z2, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory. 相似文献
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This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an... 相似文献
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分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性. 相似文献
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针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。 相似文献
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J. A. Williams 《Lubrication Science》1997,3(3):267-306
Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface. 相似文献
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The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar... 相似文献
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The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods.... 相似文献
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M. Stedman 《Journal of microscopy》1988,152(3):611-618
Parameters describing the topographic character of a surface (height, surface wavelength, slope and curvature) can be derived from equivalent sinusoidal profiles. The response of a surface-measuring instrument may be modelled in terms of instrument parameters such as stylus radius, and scanning range and resolution. The performance of the instrument may then be mapped as a zone in amplitude-wavelength (AW) space to show the sinusoidal profiles it is capable of measuring. In a first-order analysis the STM and AFM are considered as equivalent to contact-stylus instruments with a notional stylus radius equal to the tip radius plus the gap. Comparisons between different instruments and types of instrument are readily made by mapping in AW space. The error arising from convolution of the sinusoidal profile with that of the finite tip may be quantified and plotted as contours in AW space. 相似文献