废润滑油残渣油与废白土在废润滑油再生的应用

利用废润滑油残渣油与废白土共炭化制备吸附剂,对废润滑油进行吸附处理。结果表明,最优的工艺条件:废润滑油残渣油与废白土的质量比为3∶1时所制备的吸附剂对废润滑油的吸附精制的效果最优,与新鲜白土相差无几。     

废润滑油残渣油与废白土在废润滑油再生的应用

利用废润滑油残渣油与废白土共炭化制备吸附剂,对废润滑油进行吸附处理。结果表明,最优的工艺条件:废润滑油残渣油与废白土的质量比为3∶1时所制备的吸附剂对废润滑油的吸附精制的效果最优,与新鲜白土相差无几。     

废FCC催化剂及烟气脱硫废渣的处理研究进展及应用

2016年新颁布《国家危险废物名录》将废FCC催化剂定性为危险废物,另外烟气脱硫废渣主要成分为废FCC催化剂,所以对废FCC催化剂及烟气脱硫废渣资源化利用的问题亟待解决。本文介绍了废FCC催化剂及烟气脱硫废渣的失活原因与危害,论述了现阶段国内外废FCC催化剂的主要处理技术和利用情况,主要包括物理分离法、化学再生技术、废水吸附剂、精制润滑油和石蜡、水泥辅料等,为未来废FCC催化剂的减量化、无害化、再生与资源化提供工业应用参考。     

炼厂废白土处理方法

炼油厂石蜡和润滑油精制工序产生大量废白土,其中含30%左右的蜡或油,需进行无害化处理或综合利用。文中介绍了几种炼厂废白土处理的方法。     

炼油废白土的综合利用

在石油炼制中,使用活性白土精制润滑油和石蜡的过程中会产生大量含油废白土,如果不能有效处理会对环境造成污染,同时也造成资源浪费。本文介绍了炼油废白土综合利用的几种方法,指出目前废白土综合利用的有效方法是回收废白土中的油分,再利用脱油后的废白土。     

废润滑油吸附再生研究进展

随着汽车和制造业的快速发展,润滑油的需求量也大大增长,大量的废润滑油也随之产生.本文从废润滑油的污染现状出发,介绍了其变质过程、污染物组成、常用的再生工艺(絮凝、蒸馏、萃取、加氢处理、吸附等).详细介绍了白土、活性炭、粉煤灰、天然高分子吸附剂等吸附剂和新技术(静电吸附),总结了国内外学者对废润滑油吸附再生的研究现状,并...     

短程蒸馏技术在废润滑油再生工艺中的应用

介绍了近年来国内外废润滑油再生工艺的研究现状。采用短程蒸馏加白土补充精制工艺对废润滑油再生进行试验研究,再生润滑油达到了新润滑油技术指标。表明该工艺回收率高,再生周期短,清洁环保,不产生二次污染,具有很好的经济效益和社会效益。     

BLS—X100型吸附剂在润滑油精制装置的应用

本文介绍了润滑油基础油生产的最后一道工序,用BLS—X100型吸附剂取代传统的活性白土,进而改变白土补充精制工艺[1],从而达到节能降耗、降低成本、提高经济效益的目的。     

废润滑油无酸污染再生工艺

本文对国内外废润滑油无酸污染再生新工艺作了介绍,并详细讨论了白土高温精制工艺。建议在我国尽快推广应用。     

活性白土的料位自动测量和控制

目前,国内生产润滑油的各炼厂,大都采用白土补充精制来提高润滑油的质量(采用润滑油加氢精制的炼厂除外)。因此,对润滑油装置白土罐内的白土料位,实行自动测量和控制是很需要的。但是,现在各炼厂基本上采用人     

FCC废催化剂中金属分布规律及赋存状态研究进展

FCC催化剂是当前用量最大的炼油催化剂,FCC废催化剂的综合处理和资源化利用必然会取代现有的填埋处理方式。综述近年来国内外关于FCC废催化剂中污染金属的分布规律及存在形态方面的研究进展。对于FCC废催化剂的处理和利用,明确污染金属分布状态和物质存在形式将有利于处理方案的选择与制定。在各种污染金属元素中,Ni是FCC废催化剂中最为关键的一种污染金属,对于Ni是以何种化合物形式存在,仍有待进一步的研究。     

Hydrocracking of waste lubricant into gasoline fraction over CoMo catalyst supported on mesoporous carbon from bovine bone gelatin

The hydrocracking of waste lubricant into gasoline fraction was carried out using CoMo catalyst supported on mesoporous carbon. The carbon was synthesized using bovine bone gelatin and SBA-15 as a template. The metals were loaded onto the carbon by wet impregnation method. The total metal content of catalyst was prepared into two different amounts which were labelled as CoMo/MCG1 and CoMo/MCG2. Catalytic activity and selectivity were evaluated in hydrocracking of waste lubricant at 450, 475, and 500 °C, and lubricant/catalyst weight ratio of 50, 100, 200, 300, and 400. The result revealed that acidity and specific surface area of the catalyst played an important role in determining the catalytic performance in the hydrocracking of waste lubricant. The highest percentage of gasoline fraction was 58.09%, produced by hydrocracking of waste lubricant at 475 °C and lubricant/catalyst weight ratio of 300 using CoMo/MCG2 catalyst.     

A comparative study of liquid product on non-catalytic and catalytic degradation of waste plastics using spent FCC catalyst

Non-catalytic and catalytic degradation of waste plastics (high-density polyethylene (HDPE), low-density polyethylene (LDPE), polypropylene (PP) and polystyrene (PS)) using spent fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) catalyst into liquid product were comparatively studied with a stirred semi-batch reactor at 400 ‡C, under nitrogen stream. Liquid product characteristics were described by cumulative distribution as a function of lapse time of reaction, paraffin, olefin, naphthene and aromatic (PONA) composition, and also carbon number distribution on plastic type of reactant. For degradation of waste PE with relatively high degradation temperature, the effect of adding spent FCC catalyst greatly appeared on cumulative distribution of liquid product with a reaction lapse time, whereas those for waste PP and PS with low degradation temperature showed a similar trend in both non-catalytic and catalytic degradation at 400 ‡C. In PONA and carbon number distribution of liquid product, the characteristics of waste PS that was mainly degraded by end chain scission mechanism were not much altered in presence of spent FCC catalyst. However, waste polyolefinic polymer that was degraded by a random chain scission mechanism significantly differed on PONA and carbon number distribution of liquid product with or without spent FCC catalyst. The addition of spent FCC catalyst in degradation of polyolefinic polymer, which economically has a benefit in utilization of waste catalyst, significantly improved the light olefin product by its high cracking ability and also the aromatic product by cyclization of olefin as shape selectivity in micropore of catalyst.     

Development of FCC Catalyst Magnetic Separation

Abstract

Magnetic separation has been historically active in several different industries, yet has not been utilized in petroleum refining until recently. Development of economical permanent magnets with high magnetic strength has led to a new process known as MagnaCat®. The MagnaCat® Process separates less active (high metals) particles catalyst from equilibrium Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) catalyst, producing a higher activity/lower metals catalyst for recycle. Pilot FCC studies showed lower hydrogen, dry gas, and coke make with higher wet gas and octane from catalyst separated by MagnaCat®. With the use of a MagnaCat® Process unit, a refiner would produce an economic advantage of $0.20 to $0.40/Barrel of FCC charge and enhance unit operability.     

催化裂化油浆糠醛精制工艺研究

以大庆石化总厂催化裂化油浆为原料,糠醛作为分离溶剂,可以有效地将油浆的可裂化组分与稠环芳烃分离。实验考察了抽提温度,质量剂油比和停留时间对精制效果的影响。结果表明,在抽提温度为60℃,溶剂比为2:1,停留时间30min时,油浆的分离效果较好。产品中精制油饱和烃的含量高达80%,具有良好的催化裂化性能,抽出油可作为芳香型橡胶填充油的调和组分。     

Mechanical and microstructural characterization of geopolymers synthesized from FCC waste catalyst and silica fume

A FCC waste catalyst-based geopolymer was synthesized from FCC waste catalyst and silica fume, which were used as the main silicon-aluminum raw material and correction material, respectively. Meanwhile, NaOH and water glass composite were used as alkaline activator in the preparation process. Herein, the effects of silicon correction materials, alkaline activator modulus, and silica fume content on the compressive strength performance of prepared geopolymers were discussed. The microstructure was comprehensively analyzed by X-ray diffraction, fourier infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope. The results showed that the prepared geopolymer has good early property when the silica fume content is 50% and the water glass modulus is 1.2. The 3d compressive strength of the obtained sample reaches 23.77 MPa. Microstructure and geopolymerization process analysis indicate that the FCC waste catalyst and silica fume have a good synergistic effect, which confirms the feasibility of preparing the geopolymer by using these industrial waste materials.     

废FCC催化剂在LPG吸附脱硫中的资源化利用

金属污染是导致流化催化裂化（FCC）催化剂失活的重要因素,充分利用沉积的重金属是废FCC催化剂资源化的关键。本文将废FCC催化剂引入到轻质油品吸附脱硫领域,以脱除液化石油气（LPG）中的二甲基二硫醚作为考核目标,验证了废FCC催化剂作为脱硫剂的可行性。除去废FCC催化剂表面积炭后,其脱硫性能得到明显改善,在常温、质量空速为4.0h^-1的条件下,LPG中硫化物质量分数从382mg/m³脱除至40mg/m³。镧、铁、镍、钒、钙、锑6种金属在新鲜催化剂和焙烧后废催化剂上的总质量分数从10.2%升高至46.6%,6种金属按照对应含量分别固载在新鲜催化剂上,脱硫效果较未改性新鲜催化剂均有明显提升。验证实验表明,导致FCC催化剂失活的金属具有较高脱硫活性,废FCC催化剂作为轻质油品脱硫剂具备工业前景。     

两种废润滑油回收工艺对油品质量的影响

对糠醛精制和金属钠法精制两种废润滑油回收工艺进行对比实验,通过影响因素温度和剂油比或金属钠/废润滑油量对油品质量的影响进行了分析,得出两种方法回收废润滑油的最佳工艺条件如下。糠醛精制:剂油比1.5、精制温度80℃;金属钠法精制:金属钠/废润滑油量0.01,精制温度130℃。并在各自最佳工艺条件下对废内燃机油进行了回收实验,结果为:在糠醛精制的最佳工艺条件下,回收的废内燃机油的黏度指数为116.1,色度为1.5,凝点为-20℃,残碳为0.494%,收率为86.08%。在金属钠法精制的最佳工艺条件下,回收的废内燃机油的黏度指数为110.3,色度为3.0,凝点为-17℃,残碳为0.591%,收率为90.55%。回收后的油品经添加适当的添加剂调和后可循环使用。     

From waste to best: excellent desulfurization performance of spent FCC catalyst

Fluidized catalytic cracking (FCC) is an important link in heavy oil processing. Industrial FCC catalyst which mainly consists of molecular sieves, substrates and adhesives is used in large quantities every year. Spent FCC catalyst is one kind of hazardous solid waste that is hard to handle. In this paper, we used a spent FCC catalyst as a desulfurization adsorbent, and show that it displays advanced desulfurization property. Furthermore, regeneration experiment showed that calcination was an effective method to remove the sulfides adsorbed in spent FCC catalyst, after four cycles it still owned a high sulfur adsorption ability. The results of metal impregnation indicated that the high ability to remove sulfur in LPG was due to those metals deposited on WC. The sulfur removal further increased by calcination of the spent catalyst since carbon deposition on the catalyst surface which blocked the active sites was minimized by calcination, thus leading an increase in the number of active sites available.     

Thermal and catalytic degradation of waste high-density polyethylene (HDPE) using spent FCC catalyst

Thermal and catalytic degradation using spent fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) catalyst of waste high-density polyethylene (HDPE) at 430 °C into fuel oil were carried out with a stirred semi-batch operation. The product yield and the recovery amount, molecular weight distribution and paraffin, olefin, naphthene and aromatic (PONA) distribution of liquid product by catalytic degradation using spent FCC catalyst were compared with those by thermal degradation. The catalytic degradation had lower degradation temperature, faster liquid product rate and more olefin products as well as shorter molecular weight distributions of gasoline range in the liquid product than thermal degradation. These results confirmed that the catalytic degradation using spent FCC catalyst could be a better alternative method to solve a major environmental problem of waste plastics. This paper is dedicated to Dr. Youn Yong Lee on the occasion of his retirement from Korea Institute of Science and Technology.