可再生能源发展“十二五”规划

前言可再生能源是能源体系的重要组成部分,具有资源分布广、开发潜力大、环境影响小、可永续利用的特点,是有利于人与自然和谐发展的能源资源。当前,开发利用可再生能源已成为世界各国保障能源安全、加强环境保护、应对气候变化的重要措施。随着经济社会的发展,我国能源需求持续增长,能源资源和环境问题日益突出,加快开发利用可再生能源已成为我国应对日益严峻的能源环境问题的必由之路。     

构建适应可再生能源资源特点的新型电力体系

从节能减排、重构能源供应体系出发,阐述了可再生能源在未来能源体系中的作用,分析了可再生能源发展面临的主要制约因素,提出构建适应可再生能源资源特点的新型电力系统主要措施,强调构建新型电力系统既要保障电力系统的安全可靠运行,又要充分发挥可再生新能源清洁环保的作用,推动能源体系由以石化能源为主向以可再生能源为主的转变。     

模糊综合评价在绿色能源评价中的应用研究

针对当前对能源的绿色性尚无一致的评价方法,在综合考虑传统能源评价体系的同时结合我国国情,采用模糊综合评价法选取绝对成本、生态和谐、能源安全及可持续性四个指标体系评价绿色能源,为绿色能源评价提供了可靠依据.     

能源技术视角下的能源安全问题探讨

传统能源安全观念侧重于能源供应量有持续充足的保障,伴随能源技术发展,传统以化石能源为基础的大规模生产、远距离运输的能源体系正逐步向新的能源体系过渡,在这个过程中,能源技术对能源安全的影响愈发重要,也将影响着新的世界能源格局的形成。本文阐述了能源技术视角对保障能源安全的重要意义,并对能源技术发展趋势及我国能源技术现状进行了分析评价。提出了能源安全战略应将能源技术作为核心内容,重视能源体系转换中出现的新的安全问题;加强能源领域技术创新,提升关键技术自主化水平,突破前沿性技术;坚持能源技术产业目标导向,加强创新性技术的应用等政策建议。     

中国能源可持续发展体系构建与电力新技：术开发研究

能源问题在中国的可持续发展体系构建和社会主义和谐生活中都是有着重要地位的，主要就是针对于能源问题对可持续发展体系的构建和电力新技术的开发问题展开了论述和探讨。     

能源大数据中心运营管理标准体系框架构建及实践路径

标准体系框架是标准申请、立项、深化编制及应用的重要参考资料.针对当前能源大数据中心运营管理标准体系统筹规划不够、标准缺失导致运营工作质效难保障的问题,文章首先梳理了国内外能源大数据标准体系研究现状;其次,从能源大数据中心的运营对象视角和管理视角构建了能源大数据中心运营管理标准基本框架体系的层级构成及类目界定;最后,给出...     

我国能源高质量发展的目标和实施路径研究

近年来,越来越多的能源问题凸显而且严重影响了能源及经济的发展。本文主要以中国能源发展的现状为切入点,通过认清高质量发展的内涵及我国能源发展的主要问题和机遇,确定了我国能源高质量发展的三个主要目标:建设清洁低碳的绿色产业体系;打造清洁低碳、经济高效、安全可靠的现代能源系统;构建现代能源治理体系,同时通过分析明确了三大体系之间的关系。然后在此基础上得到了我国能源高质量发展的实施路径,探究如何攻坚克难,推动能源转型和能源的高质量发展,保障能源安全,优化能源结构,建立清洁低碳、安全高效的现代能源体系。     

“十四五”时期,我国能源发展趋势与挑战研究

"十四五"期间,我国能源发展不仅面临着新冠肺炎疫情延续和中美贸易摩擦加深的外部影响,还面临着加快推进我国经济高质量发展的内在需要。要建成清洁低碳、安全高效的现代能源体系,必须认清全球产业链重构、科技竞争激烈化、能源转型进程加快等发展趋势,迫切解决建设现代能源体系、增强能源自主创新能力、推进能源低碳转型、完善能源供需体系、增强煤炭清洁低碳保障能力、提升油气储备与调峰能力,提高新型电力系统灵活性的关键问题和挑战。     

城镇化进程中的能源供应体系变革研究

我国正处于城镇化加速发展阶段,能源需求还将合理增加,构建城镇化与能源供给协调发展的能源供应体系是实现低碳城镇化的首要任务.本文在分析城镇化发展对能源供应体系变革提出新要求的基础上,提出应从推进煤炭清洁高效利用、优化能源供应布局、大力发展分布式能源、发挥农村生物质资源优势等方面对城镇和农村能源供应体系变革采取新举措,为新型城镇化发展提供能源保障.     

“一带一路”倡议促进国际能源合作

"一带一路"倡议的提出与国际能源形势的变化相得益彰,可谓因时而动、因势而动,将为优化全球能源治理体系、促进全球能源绿色转型、提高能源普遍服务水平、形成区域能源共同体等方面带来积极影响。同时,也将有助于在话语权和影响力、能源保障、能源贸易投资、能源融资和能源企业国际化方面提升中国开展国际能源合作的能力和水平。     

Heat pipe based cold energy storage systems for datacenter energy conservation

In the present paper, design and economics of the novel type of thermal control system for datacenter using heat pipe based cold energy storage has been proposed and discussed. Two types of cold energy storage system namely: ice storage system and cold water storage system are explained and sized for datacenter with heat output capacity of 8800 kW. Basically, the cold energy storage will help to reduce the chiller running time that will save electricity related cost and decrease greenhouse gas emissions resulting from the electricity generation from non-renewable sources. The proposed cold energy storage system can be retrofit or connected in the existing datacenter facilities without major design changes. Out of the two proposed systems, ice based cold energy storage system is mainly recommended for datacenters which are located in very cold locations and therefore can offer long term seasonal storage of cold energy within reasonable cost. One of the potential application domains for ice based cold energy storage system using heat pipes is the emergency backup system for datacenter. Water based cold energy storage system provides more compact size with short term storage (hours to days) and is potential for datacenters located in areas with yearly average temperature below the permissible cooling water temperature (∼25 °C). The aforesaid cold energy storage systems were sized on the basis of metrological conditions in Poughkeepsie, New York. As an outcome of the thermal and cost analysis, water based cold energy storage system with cooling capability to handle 60% of datacenter yearly heat load will provide an optimum system size with minimum payback period of 3.5 years. Water based cold energy storage system using heat pipes can be essentially used as precooler for chiller. Preliminary results obtained from the experimental system to test the capability of heat pipe based cold energy storage system have provided satisfactory outcomes and validated the proposed system concept.     

Optimal green energy management for island resorts in Malaysia

This paper proposes optimum green energy systems for electricity generation of island resorts in Malaysia. A combination of solar energy and wind energy as intermittent renewable energy sources with a fuel cell (FC) system and a battery storage energy system as a backup to the green energy system is introduced for this study. This system is eco-friendly, economical over the long-term, highly sustainable and reliable. In addition, a diesel-based energy system as a non-green system is compared with the proposed green system. National Renewable Energy Laboratory's (NREL) HOMER software is used to determine and compare the optimal configuration green energy system with the diesel-based energy system in terms of net present cost, sensitivity analysis and pollutant gas emission. The feasibility and assessment of the proposed system is evaluated by utilizing the load profile and considering the geographical condition of a village (Juara village in Tioman Island) with approximately 30 chalets located in southern Malaysia. HOMER uses two types of load profiles for each given year. The first load profile is used during the presence of tourists, and the second profile is used when the locals are the main inhabitants of the island. The optimization management for the green energy system is performed through unit sizing to find the optimum power management analysis and to perform cost analysis of the system.The potential of renewable energy as well as a diesel-based energy system to meet the power demand for such a stand-alone system is considered. Technically feasible and economically viable green energy systems as prospective plans are explored in this study.     

Energy management strategy and capacity optimization for CCHP system integrated with electric-thermal hybrid energy storage system

In order to improve the comprehensive energy utilization rate of combined cooling, heating, and power (CCHP) system, a hybrid energy storage system (HESS) is proposed in this paper consisting of electric and thermal energy storage systems. And the overall optimization design and operation of CCHP system with HESS are the main problems to be solved in application. Therefore, the topology and the energy flow model of CCHP system with HESS are established and analyzed according to the energy conversion characteristics of the component equipment. Moreover, combined with five evaluative restrictions for HESS system, a rule-based energy management strategy is designed to realize the decoupling regulation of electric energy and thermal energy in CCHP system. On this basis, a multi-objective optimization model is studied by taking the indicators of annual cost ratio, the primary energy consumption ratio, and loss energy ratio, and then the capacity parameters are optimized by particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSOA). Finally, a case is carried out to compare the energy allocation situations and capacity optimization results between CCHP system with HESS and CCHP system with single thermal energy storage system (ST). Results show that the capacity of ICE is reduced by 34%, and the annual cost and the primary energy consumption are saved about 7.69% and 18.47%, respectively, demonstrating that HESS has better optimization effect and applicable for small-scale CCHP system.     

Economic analysis of PV/diesel hybrid system with flywheel energy storage

This paper analyzes a hybrid energy system performance with photovoltaic (PV) and diesel systems as the energy sources. The hybrid energy system is equipped with flywheel to store excess energy from the PV. HOMER software was employed to study the economic and environmental benefits of the system with flywheels energy storage for Makkah, Saudi Arabia. The analysis focused on the impact of utilizing flywheel on power generation, energy cost, and net present cost for certain configurations of hybrid system. Analyses on fuel consumption and carbon emission reductions for the system configurations were also presented in this paper.     

能源系统面对气候变化的脆弱性与适应举措研究

气候变化与能源系统有密切联系,化石能源消耗导致气候变化,气候变化对能源系统的影响也日益显著.本文首先从能源供给、能源消费、能源输送、分配转移与能源基础设施等方面,分析能源系统面对气候变化的脆弱性;其次,提出仅靠目前的减缓措施无法充分应对气候变化带来的不确定性,需提高能源系统面对气候变化的适应能力,将减缓措施与适应措施权...     

Energy and exergy analysis of a micro-compressed air energy storage and air cycle heating and cooling system

Energy storage systems are becoming more important for load leveling, especially for widespread use of intermittent renewable energy. Compressed air energy storage (CAES) is a promising method for energy storage, but large scale CAES is dependent on suitable underground geology. Micro-CAES with man-made air vessels is a more adaptable solution for distributed future power networks. In this paper, energy and exergy analyses of a micro-CAES system are performed, and, to improve the efficiency of the system, some innovative ideas are introduced. The results show that a micro-CAES system could be a very effective system for distributed power networks as a combination that provides energy storage, generation with various heat sources, and an air-cycle heating and cooling system, with a energy density feasible for distributed energy storage and a good efficiency due to the multipurpose system. Especially, quasi-isothermal compression and expansion concepts result in the best exergy efficiencies.     

从国际化视野角度分析我国能源管理体制的问题

从能源管理体制的功能和能源与国民经济的关系入手,分析了我国能源管理体制的特征,回顾了我国能源管理体制的沿革;通过与加拿大和日本的管理体制的对比,分析我国现行的能源管理体制进一步改革的必要性;对我国能源管理体制的进一步完善提出建议。     

卷烟生产企业能源管理系统开发与应用

卷烟生产企业的节能减排形势日趋紧迫,结合自动化技术和信息技术的能源管理系统建设可促进卷烟生产企业的进一步系统节能,具有显著的节能效果。介绍了卷烟生产企业能源管理系统的设计原则、总体构架及系统功能模块。能源管理系统运行以来,卷烟生产中单位产品综合能耗下降了30%,对其他卷烟厂的能源管理系统建设具有一定参考价值。     

含复合储能的冷热电联供系统多目标运行优化研究

冷热电联供（combined cooling, heating and power, CCHP）系统是分布式能源系统发展的主流趋势,针对CCHP系统的能量调度问题,提出了储电、储热相结合的复合储能技术;为实现CCHP系统的运行优化控制,建立了CCHP系统拓扑架构、系统模型、多目标函数及约束条件,采用线性加权和法将多目标函数转化为单目标函数,利用遗传算法进行优化求解,并与不含复合储能的CCHP系统进行对比分析。结果表明：将复合储能引入CCHP系统,能有效降低系统运行成本和一次能源消耗量,提高系统节能率和削峰填谷能力,为CCHP系统的优化运行策略提供了较好的参考方法。     

MARKAL模型在北京中远期能源发展研究中的应用

MARKAL模型是一个综合能源系统优化模型,在满足给定的能源需求量和污染物排放量限制条件下,确定出使能源系统成本最小化的一次能源供应结构和用能技术结构。本文尝试将MARKAL模型应用于北京市中远期能源系统建设研究,根据北京市未来能源、经济、环境协调发展的要求,进行了几种可能的未来能源系统发展情景分析。研究结果表明,适当安排大气环境质量改善进程可以明显减少清洁能源系统建设成本,而且不影响大气环境质量改善的总体效果。